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排序方式: 共有1313条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
旱地有限补充供水与覆盖保水效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文针对旱地作物长期受水分亏缺制约的问题,为了使有限降水资源得以高效利用,研究了几种作物需水关键期有限补充供水以及覆盖保水的效应,表明旱地有限供水的高效性和对提高经济效益的显著作用。提出了实现有限降水资源富集叠加高效利用建设旱区高产高效农田的技术途径。 相似文献
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Current trait-based indices of soil fauna for assessing soil quality rely on extensive knowledge of life history traits for hyper-diverse groups. We look at the effects of clear-cut forest harvesting and subsequent wood ash application on the free-living nematode community using trait-based indices and body size spectra. We test the hypothesis that body size is a unifying trait and that the body size spectra can be used to demonstrate changes in soil quality while overcoming taxonomic impediments. Undisturbed boreal forest floor soils were compared with clear-cut sites amended with zero, one-half calcium equivalent wood ash, equivalent calcium reintroduction, and twice calcium reintroduction. Total abundance, trait-based metrics for the Maturity Index, and two metrics of body size spectra were calculated. Nematode abundance was not a good indicator of soil disturbance, while traditional trait-based approaches (the summed Maturity Index) demonstrated predicted changes in community structure. Analysis of two types of body size spectra elucidated how the community had changed under disturbance, and revealed that smaller bodied organisms were lost under ash amended treatments compared to both clear-cut and undisturbed forest. Using the body size spectra for nematodes is a simple addition to current trait-based approaches that can supplement soil assessments for disturbance and quality without requiring taxonomic expertise. 相似文献
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机采棉技术是一项优质、高产、高效的综合机械化技术,大力推广机采棉技术,不仅解决了拾花难这一难题;而且提高了工作效率,降低了生产成本,实现了节本增效;使我区机采棉技术走上规模化生产、专业化管理、集约化发展道路。 相似文献
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甘肃省“121”雨水集流工程经济 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李莉 《中国农村水利水电》2007,(9):50-52
甘肃中东部地区地处黄土高原,气候干旱,水资源缺乏,农村人畜饮水困难。“121”雨水集流工程的实施,有效地解决了这些地区的人畜饮水困难。为了客观评价“121”雨水集流工程的经济效益和作用,利用建设项目后评价理论与方法,对工程的经济效益进行了科学评价,国民经济评价结果可行,其结果可用于指导全省雨水利用工程的规划、设计,加强雨水利用工作的决策、管理。 相似文献
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对玉米联合收获机推广应用较多的山东、山西及河北等省的玉米联合收获机试验情况进行了研究分析.其结果表明,影响玉米联合收获机推广的诸多因素中,最为关键的因素就是行距的适应性问题。为此,结合小麦联合收获机推广经验,指出了加快玉米联合收获机推广应用速度的关键是实现玉米生产过程机械化,而在小麦玉米一年两熟地区则要从小麦的种植规格入手,即实现小麦玉米全过程的机械化;并将系统工程的方法运用于种植收获的全过程,真正实现优质与高效的现代化农业生产。 相似文献
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Incorporation of ridge and furrow method of rainfall harvesting with mulching for crop production under semiarid conditions 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
Xiao-Yan Li Jia-Dong Gong Qian-Zhao Gao Feng-Rui Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2001,50(3):173-183
A plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) system combined with mulches was designed to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. The system was built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges served as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. Some materials were also used to mulch the furrows to increase the effectiveness of the harvested water. This system can make better utilization of light rain by harvesting rainwater through the plastic-covered ridge. The field experiment (using corn as an indicator crop) showed that grain yields in the PRFRH system with mulches in 1998 and 1999 were significantly higher than the controls, with an increase of 4010–5297 kg per ha (108–143%). In most treatments, the water use efficiencies (WUE) were in excess of 2.0 kg m−3. The WUE values of corn in this system were 1.9 times greater than the controls in 1998 and 1.4 times greater than the controls in 1999. The plastic-covered ridge led to a yield increase of 3430 kg per ha (92%) in 1998 and of 1126 kg per ha (21%) in 1999 compared with the uncovered ridge. On average, the additional mulches in the furrow brought about a yield increase of 8–25%. Based on the results of this study and other researches, this technique can increase corn grain yield by 60–95% in drought and average years, 70–90% in wet years, and 20–30% in very wet years. The PRFRH system had the potential to increase crop yield and produced greater economic benefit, therefore it could be used in regions dominated by light rainfall of low intensity where crops generally fail due to water stress. 相似文献
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跨区作业经济效益影响因素剖析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
根据2004年跨区作业调查,计算了联合收割机跨区机收的经济效益,并着重指出了跨区作业经济效益下降的实际问题;通过深入分析其中的原因,指出影响跨区作业经济效益的两大主要因素,是信息系统不完善和散机的无序流动。 相似文献