Clone identification and genetic relationship among vine cacti from the genera Hylocereus and Selenicereus based on RAPD analysis

Clones of Hylocereus and of Selenicereus species were distinguished from each other by the banding pattern generated by one to nine 10-mer oligonucleotide primers in the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reaction. RAPD analysis was also applied to estimate the genetic relationship among five Hylocereus and nine Selenicereus species. A dendrogram was constructed based on a data matrix of 173 polymorphic bands originated by nine primers. Two groups were identified, one consisting of Hylocereus species and the other consisting of Selenicereus species. These results are consistent with the accepted taxonomic classification of the genera studied. The principal coordinate analysis (PCO), i.e. the plot drawn on the basis of the RAPD data, clearly distinguished between three groups, namely, Hylocereus species, S. megalanthus and the rest of the Selenicereus species studied. PCO thus strongly support the notion that the tetraploid S. megalanthus is an exception among the Selenicereus group. The RAPD results support our hypothesis regarding the allopolyploid (rather than autopolyploid) origin of this species.     

复合干热胁迫下黄土高原夏季植被脆弱性评估

随着气候变化的加剧,高温干旱事件频发,对植被健康生长造成了严重影响。针对相关性方法难以准确刻画复合干热胁迫下植被脆弱性的问题,利用1982—2015年去趋势和标准化的归一化植被指数（detrended and standardized normalized difference vegetation index,SNDVI）、标准化降水蒸散发指数（standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index,SPEI）和标准化气温指数（standardized temperature index,STI）,构建基于Vine Copula的复合干热胁迫下植被脆弱性评估模型,量化黄土高原不同土地利用类型和气候区植被对高温干旱的响应关系。结果表明：1）黄土高原大部分区域SNDVI与SPEI呈正相关关系,与STI呈负相关关系,草地SNDVI与SPEI、STI的相关性最高,其次为耕地,林地最低;2）相对于单一干旱或高温事件,复合干热事件进一步加剧了植被脆弱性,复合干热胁迫下黄土高原6、7、8月植被损失概率分别为0.51、0.57和0.55,较高的区域集中在陕西北部、宁夏、甘肃东部和内蒙古等地区;3）黄土高原地区不同植被类型对复合干热的脆弱性各异,脆弱性从大到小依次为草地、耕地、灌木、林地。研究结果有助于深入了解植被对气候极端事件的响应,支持应对气候变化的陆地生态系统风险管理。     

鄂西南野生藤木类植物资源

调查和统计表明,鄂西南地区有野生藤木植物346种（含种下等级）,隶属29科74属,在此基础上,将藤木植物分为缠绕攀援型、卷须攀援型、吸附攀援型、钩刺攀援型和葡匐型五大类,并分析评价了藤木植物资源的特点,提出了开发利用建议。     

一种基于PSO的改进光流算法

在假设各个业务线的增量已决赔款服从伽玛分布、逆高斯分布和对数正态分布的基础上, 建立了各个业务线增量已决赔款的GAMLSS模型, 并将此模型应用于一组具有明显异方差的车险数据, 拟合效果优于均值回归模型. 另外, 在多个业务线的准备金估计中, 不同业务线之间的相依性通过藤Copula函数来描述. 用D藤Copula描述相依关系的GAMLSS模型对准备金的评估结果既优于独立假设下的GAMLSS模型和链梯法对准备金的评估结果,同时还刻画了不同业务线之间的尾部相依性.     

藤类苗药治疗风湿类疾病的资源调研

通过查阅文献、民间走访,收集整理出58味具有祛风除湿、通气止痛和活血散瘀等功效的藤类苗药,并对其资源的分布情况进行调查,为藤类药物的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。     

徂徕山藤本植物资源调查与利用分析

采用样地和样株调查相结合的调查方法,并对徂徕山省级自然保护区藤本植物的利用进行分析。结果表明:租徕山藤本植物种类丰富,共有21科48属64种,分别占山东野生藤本植物科、属、种的87.5%,94.1%,63.4%;藤本种类的数量主要集中在少数几个大科或大属中,葡萄科和葫芦科等6个大科占有总种数的62.1%;攀援方式分为4大类,缠绕类最多,占45.3%,卷须类占31.3%,钩刺类占14.0%,吸附类占9.4%;草质藤本38种,占59.4%,木质藤本26种,占40.6%;形成绞杀现象的植物有南蛇藤属、葡萄属、猕猴桃属。并对这些植物资源提出了保护和利用的建议。     

Assessment of vine development according to available water resources by using remote sensing in La Mancha, Spain

The relevance of growing vines under semiarid conditions is universally accepted because of its impacts on social, economic and environmental aspects. Improving the knowledge of the soil–plant–atmosphere system related to the expression of vine growth allows the study of vine cover in wide areas. Several aspects of vine growing under semiarid conditions, related to weather, soil, and plant cover are analysed in this paper. Once the ground truth is achieved, multitemporal studies by remote sensing are especially useful for vine growth monitoring. The purpose of this work is focussed on determining changes of vine cover development according to available water resources in relation to present remote sensing methods. The method is based on using multitemporal masking classification techniques based on the ground truth knowledge achieved during previous research.     

藤本月季快速扦插育苗技术

藤本月季是优良的色叶园林绿化植物,近年来,苗木供不应求,在城市园林绿化中应用前景十分广阔。通过结合冬季修剪,对藤本的枝条进行冬季沙藏和春季扦插的快速育苗试验,不仅扦插成活率均达95%以上,苗木保存率达90%以上,而且充 分的利用了穗条资源和提前一年达到出圃的目的。     

恩施州藤茶基地土壤质量评价

[目的]评价恩施州藤茶种植基地土壤质量。[方法]选取土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等肥力因子,再将各属性值分级标准化,采用修正的内梅罗公式对采样区域的土壤质量进行评价。[结果]藤茶基地土壤质量总体状况良好,土壤肥力基本达到肥沃水平,宜于藤茶的生长。[结论]藤茶基地土壤肥力肥沃,但土壤有酸化现象出现,需采取相应措施予以解决。