Myeloblastosis(MYB) is one of the largest transcribed factor families in plants. To gain an overall picture of the evolution of MYB genes in relict plants, we cloned nine novel MYB genes in Taxodiaceae plants(Taxodium distichum, Taxodium ascendens, Cryptomeria japonica var. Sinensis, Cryptomeria japonica cv. Araucarioides, Cryptomer Japonica, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Taiwania cryptomerioides and Glyptostrobus pensilis). The deduced amino acid sequences for MYBs showed that the nine MYB proteins contained two DNA binding domains. The first domain is from amino acid position 29 to 78, wherein three tryptophanes at 33, 53 and 73 were separated by 19 amino acids, respectively. The second domain is from amino acid position 82 to 127, wherein three tryptophanes at 86, 105 and 124 were separated by 18 amino acids, respectively, whereas the first tryptophane at amino acid position 86 is replaced by a phenylalanine. The characterization of these conserved domains at nine MYBs indicated that they all belong to the R2R3-MYB group. The secondary structure analysis showed that α-helix and β-turn are the major motifs of the predicted secondary structure of MYBs. The three dimensional model of each MYB protein showed that the structure is like clip, making it more flexible and mobile. The similarities between the nine MYB proteins in Taxodiaceae were calculated. The highest identical value of 99% is between CjsMYB, CjMYB and CjaMYB, whereas the lowest value of 82% is between TaMYB and ClMYB. According to the phylogenetic tree, the distances between different genera were relatively large whereas those within genera were relatively small. As expected, accessions of the same genus formed a subgroup before being grouped with other genera. 相似文献
To determine whether Monochamus alternatus can use the Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) as a host tree, experiments were conducted in a laboratory using three insect populations of different localities. Adult
females chose Pinus densiflora bolts as oviposition substrate when supplied with cedar and pine bolts simultaneously, whereas some females from one locality
oviposited on cedar bolts when supplied with them exclusively. Seventy-three percent of 40 eggs hatched in cedar bolts. When
the first instar larvae were inoculated on cedar bolts, the development was stunted greatly and all died during the larval
stage. Two of 20 larvae that were inoculated on cedar bolts at the third instar entered the diapause and one larva developed
into an adult female, which produced viable eggs but was much smaller than those obtained from pine bolts. The results did
not exclude the possibility that M. alternatus can use recently killed C. japonica trees as a host. 相似文献
A new abietane diterpene, glypensin A (1) and four known compounds, 12-acetoxy-ent-labda-8(17), 13E-dien-15-oic acid (2), quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), β-sitosterol (5) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Glyptostrobus pensilis (Staut.) Koch. Their structures were determined by MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR means. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity on human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 (IC50 = 21.2 μM). 相似文献
【目的】对杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook)、柳杉(Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr)、日本柳杉(Cryptomeria japonica(Linn.f.)D.Don)、池杉(Taxodium ascendens Brongn)和落羽杉(Taxodium distichum(Linn.)Rich)染色体核型进行分析,并对它们的种间亲缘关系和进化趋势进行探讨,旨在为该科植物进化及分类提供细胞遗传学资料。【方法】采用常规压片法,运用AI细胞遗传工作系统对5种杉科植物的染色体及核型进行研究。【结果】杉木核型公式为:2n=2x=22=20m(2SAT)+2sm,核型类型属于2B型;柳杉和日本柳杉的核型公式为:2n=2x=22=20m+2sm,核型类型属于2A型;池杉和落羽杉核型公式为:2n=2x=22=22m,核型类型属于1A型。平均臂比值差异不大,为1.20~1.31;核型不对称系数变化较小,为54.24%~55.57%;最长/最短染色体值为1.36~2.18。柳杉与日本柳杉的亲缘关系较近,池杉与落羽杉的亲缘关系较近,可分为3组:杉木、柳杉和日本柳杉、池杉和落羽杉。进化顺序为杉木>柳杉>日本柳杉>池杉>落羽杉。【结论】杉科植物总体进化程度相对原始,进化速度缓慢,但种间存在广泛变异,以杉木的核型进化程度最高。 相似文献
We quantified structural features and the aboveground biomass of the deciduous conifer, Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Hu and Cheng) in six plantations in central Japan. In order to derive biomass estimates we dissected 14 M. glyptostroboides trees into three structural components (stem wood, branch wood and foliage) to develop allometric equations relating the mass of these components and of the whole tree to diameter at breast height (DBH). We found robust relationships at the branch and whole tree level that allow accurate prediction of component and whole tree biomass. Dominant tree height was similar within five older (>40 years) plantations (27–33 m) and shorter in a 20-year-old plantation (18 m). Average stem diameter varied from 12.8 cm in the youngest stand to greater than 35 cm in the oldest stand.
Metasequoia have relatively compact crowns distributed over the top 30% of the tree although the youngest stand had the deepest crown relative to tree height (up to 38%). At the individual tree level in older stands, 87% of the aboveground biomass was allocated to the stem, 9% to branch wood and 4% to foliage. We found little difference in the relative distribution of above ground biomass among the stands with the exception of lower foliage biomass in larger diameter trees. Total aboveground biomass of the older stands varied twofold, ranging from a maximum of 450 Mg ha−1 in a 42-year-old stand to a minimum of 196 Mg ha−1 in a 48-year-old stand. Total above ground biomass of the 20-year-old stand was 176 Mg ha−1. 相似文献