车架刚度及强度的有限元分析

运用有限元分析的方法,采用合理的模型简化方法及一种新型的连接模拟方式,对某型车车架建立了基于ANSYS的有限元模型。对车架依据法规要求在各种工况下进行了静力学分析,以保证车架具有足够的刚度和强度,并对薄弱部位提出了合理的改进意见,为后续结构的改进和优化提供了理论依据。     

客车车身骨架强度与刚度的有限元分析

讨论了客车车身骨架有限元模型的建立。对车身骨架结构进行了水平弯曲、极限扭转、紧急转弯和紧急制动工况下的强度、刚度以及模态分析,得到骨架结构的应力、应变、扭矩和弯矩分布情况。最后通过静态应力试验验证该模型的正确性。     

Effect of moisture content of members on mechanical properties of timber joints

To investigate the effect of moisture content (MC) of members on the mechanical properties of timber joints, bending tests of precut joints and shear tests of dowel-type joints were carried out using timbers of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) with three moisture conditions: green, kiln-dried with a MC target of 15%, and over-kiln-dried with a MC target of 5%. For the bending test, timbers were processed with a precut processing machine into “koshikake-ari” (a kind of dovetail joint) and “koshikake-kama” (a kind of mortise and tenon joint). A pair of members was jointed together without mechanical fasteners. Bolts (diameter = 12 mm) and nails (diameter = 2.45 mm) were used as dowels in the shear test. Bolted joints were constructed with one bolt and two metal side plates. Two nails and two metal side plates were used for the nailed joint. For precut joints, no clear effect of MC was recognized on maximum moment and initial stiffness. The maximum strength of mechanical joints assembled with kiln-dried wood was changed by the degree of drying. Stiffness of the joints assembled with kiln-dried specimens was larger than that of the joints assembled with green specimens.Part of this study was presented at the 7th International IUFRO Wood Drying Conference, Tsukuba, July 2001     

Effect of temperature and compression on the mechanical behavior of steam-treated wood

The mechanical behavior of steamed spruce wood changes dramatically with compression along the grain, the change being much more moderate perpendicular to the grain. The stiffness decrement due to increased temperature is greatest in the tangential material direction. The stiffness decrement due to compression is greatest along the grain. Compression to 80% compressive strain at 131°C inverts the order of the material directions regarding stiffness, the stiffness being the least along the grain. Plastic strain due to compression is greater at higher temperatures. The compression-induced decrement of stiffness along the grain is greater at higher temperatures, but the off-axis decrement of stiffness is less at higher temperatures.     

On the use of plate-type normal pressure cells in silos: Part 1: Calibration and evaluation

Pressure cells are measuring devices commonly used in silo research to study loads exerted by a granular material stored against a silo wall. The design of normal pressure cells for use in an experimental silo research project is critical, mainly because measuring errors complicate the interpretation of results. Once the cells have been delivered from the manufacturer to the researcher, they should be calibrated and validated with reference to the measurement of pressure from a granular material against a silo wall. Two related papers deal with a specific plate-type normal pressure cell for use in an installation of three full-scale steel silos with different hopper eccentricities (concentric, half-eccentric and full-eccentric) as part of a silo research project. It was found to be necessary to validate the performance of the cells when measuring pressures in the silos in order to arrive at a solid basis for the interpretation of the pressure measurements in the silo installation aforementioned. This paper presents calibration results from three investigated methods as well as results from a finite element analysis of the plate deflection of the pressure cell which were performed to evaluate the non-linear behaviour of the signal from the cell. Results suggested that the air-pressure calibration method turned out to be the most suitable in this particular case, that a lack of stiffness of the plate cell was revealed and that its boundary constraint conditions were not stable. Amendments were proposed in order to improve the accuracy of measurements. Furthermore, the knowledge acquired from the study of these plate-type cells constitutes the basis of recommendations for another design of pressure cells for which the calibration as well as the interpretations of test results would become simpler.     

直列四缸柴油机二阶往复惯性力平衡机构开发及刚度校核

通过计算,校核了双轴平衡机构中平衡轴的受力及其弯曲变形量,为整体方案的选择和确定提供了参考。     

蜻蜓翅膀拱形结构静力学分析

[目的]探索起拱在蜻蜓翅膀空间结构中的重要作用。[方法]应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对各模型在不同载荷作用下的变形情况进行静力学分析,研究蜻蜓翅膀的拱形结构对刚度的影响。[结果]在相同载荷条件下,2种网格模型的结构刚度都随起拱高度的增加而增大。当载荷及拱高相同时,有膜网格的变形小于无膜网格,刚度明显增强;无论有膜网格还是无膜网格,在相同载荷条件下,六边形网格的变形总大于组合网格模型。[结论]该研究可为温室结构仿生设计和应用提供新思路。     

商用车驾驶室基本动静态特性的数值分析

建立了某大吨位商用车驾驶室的详细有限元模型,对驾驶室的静态弯曲强度和刚度以及扭转刚度进行了计算分析,计算了动态基本特性。根据频率和振型的结果分析,提出了相应的建议,为驾驶室车身设计和生产提供参考依据。     

变速箱后壳体切削刚度对比分析

变速箱后壳体在切削加工时,由于加工表面的刚度分布不均匀,将造成表面加工后平面度得不到保障。为此,文章在对加工过程进行合理简化的基础上,对3种设计方案加工面的刚度进行对比分析,并提出改进设计的方法,为设计部门提供参考。本工作可为类似的结构加工刚度分析提供借鉴并具有一定的工程实践价值。