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1.
Understanding users’ spatial distribution in forest park is crucial for providing visitors with quality recreation experiences and for park planning and management. Utilizing users’ spatial distribution data, this study aims at investigating associations between trail use level and trail spatial attributes, through examining two large urban forest parks (Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park) in Shanghai, China. Users’ spatial distribution was measured utilizing GPS trackers with the interval of 10 seconds. This study conceptualizes trail spatial attributes as trail metric attributes and trail configurational attributes. Trail metric attributes include trail mean distance to gates, length, width and level of enclosure, which are calculated based on park map and on-site observation. We computed trail configurational attributes utilizing space syntax theory, which comprise measures of global integration, control, and connectivity. Trail connection with features/facilities, visual connection with water and shading are included as covariate variables. In total, we obtained 134 valid samples in Gongqing forest park and 210 valid samples in Paotaiwan forest park for analysis. Multivariate regression analyses indicate that when involving covariate variables, consistently in both parks, a greater trail usage is significantly related to trail shorter mean distance to park gate, trail width wider than 3 meters, higher global integration and higher control values. Collectively, these four trail spatial attributes explained 31.7 % (p < 0.001) and 27.3 % (p < 0.001) of the variances in trail use level in Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park. These findings provide direct implications to park designers and managers for providing visitors with different desirable social conditions, and ultimately improve users’ experiences and satisfactions. 相似文献
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One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics was the discovery that mutations can be artificially induced in organisms 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):193-195
One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics )was the discovery that mutations can be artificially induced in organisms (van Harten, 1998). Artificially induced mutations, by physical and chemical mutagens, have greatly advanced the understanding of genetics of higher organisms. Starting in the late 1960's, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations sponsored extensive research on mutation induction and their application to breeding of food and indnstrial crops that resulted in the introduction of new varieties of rice, wheat, barley, apples, citrus, sugar cane, banana, and others (more than 2 500 officially released new varieties are to be found in the FAO/IAEA Mutant Varieties Database) (hitp://www-mvd.iaea.org/MVD/default.htm). However, the usefulness of mutation techniques has been underappreciated in research communities, particularly during the last decade, when more and more researchers and breeders were rushing into molecular marker techniques and transgenic plants. In this paper, after a brief review of the past accomplishments of mutation induction and its application, we discuss the uniqueness of induced mutations in gene discovery and how to integrate induced mutants into functional genomics programs; 相似文献
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The modern crop scientist has a large amount of available nucleotide sequence information to identify genes of potential agronomic importance.…… 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):238-239
The modem crop scientist has a large amount of available nucleotide sequence information to identify genes of potential agronomic importance. Using reverse genetic approaches, specific genes can be disrupted, and hypotheses regarding gene function directly tested in vivo. Although a number of reverse genetic methods have been introduced, many are limited in application because they are organism-specific, expensive, transgenic, or only transiently disrupt gene function. However, traditional mutagenesis using chemical mutagens has been widely used as a forward genetics strategy to create many new crop plant varieties at relatively low cost. Mutagens such as ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) cause stable point mutations and thus produce an allelic series of truncation and missense changes that can provide a range of phenotypes (Greene et al., 2003). TILLING (targeting induced local lesions IN genomes) is a high-throughput reverse genetic strategy that combines traditional mutagenesis and SNP discovery methods (Colbert et al., 2001; McCallum et al., 2000). To identify mutations, target regions of-l.5 kb are amplified with fluorescently labeled gene specific primers. Heteroduplexes are then formed between wild-type and mutant strands, mismatches are cleaved by incubation with a single-strand specific nuclease, 相似文献
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论文通过对园林空间的整体性、可感知性和观赏性的分析,从视觉设计、空间序列和空间的生长去探讨园林空间视觉秩序的构建方法。 相似文献
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旅游度假区生态绿地系统最优化布局的探索 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
生态绿地系统作为旅游度假区重要组成部分,其规划布局应以能维护区域生态安全和创造良好游憩环境为目标,制定出在开发过程中确保生态质量的优化方案。本文通过在从化流溪河温泉旅游度假区绿地系统规划中生态最优化的规划实践,探讨了实现生态环境保护与旅游开发建设"双赢"的绿地系统布局方法。 相似文献
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鲁西平原毛白杨造林地土壤全氮空间变异性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以位于鲁西平原冠县毛白杨6.0hm2造林地为研究区,将土壤在水平方向按50m×50m分为24块样地,每块样地分为0~20cm,20~40cm,40~60cm三层取样,进行三维空间采样和室内土壤全氮含量测定,对土壤全氮空间分异规律进行研究。结果表明:研究区土壤全氮在林地尺度存在一定的空间变异;从研究区土壤总体分异状况看,土壤全氮含量范围是0.02~0.46gkg-1,总体均值为0.17gkg-1,三个层次土壤全氮含量分别为0.33±0.06gkg-1,0.14±0.04gkg-1,0.05±0.02gkg-1,全氮含量属于最低水平。三个层次土壤全氮含量变异系数分别为19%、32%、39%,变异程度属于中等变异水平,土壤全氮随着土层加深分异程度明显增大。土壤全氮含量在不同土壤层次水平变化复杂,0~20cm层西北高,东南部低,20~40cm和40~60cm两层变化恰好与之相反。研究结果可为毛白杨造林试验地布设、养分精准管理、确定合理采样数提供依据。 相似文献
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园林植物高新技术育种研究综述和展望 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
随着我国园林绿化市场的持续升温,园林植物育种领域的研究不断得到重视,在传统育种技术的基础上,以现代生物技术、航天和离子注入诱变育种为核心的高新技术育种得到较大程度的发展。本文阐述了基因工程和细胞工程技术在园林植物株型和花型、花色和香味、生长发育、延缓衰老、抗病虫、抗逆境等方面的研究现状;综述了航天育种和离子注入育种等高新技术的研究基础,及其在园林植物种质创新领域的研究进展;并介绍了国内有关研究单位的一些相关研究情况。分析了园林植物育种技术的发展趋势,并重点对园林植物现代生物技术、航天和离子注入育种作了展望。 相似文献