青海湖区普氏原羚及鸟类栖息草地的调查与研究

青海湖流域普氏原羚与鸟类栖息的草地类型,以温性草原类、高寒草原类、温性荒漠草原类及高寒草甸类草地为主.本文分别简述了各草地型的植被结构、植物种类以及草地生物量,同时对普氏原羚、鸟类栖息地各草地型的生物量进行了比较分析.     

Nutrition analysis of forage plants and foragnig behavior of Mongolian gazella

NutritionAnalysisofForagingPlantNutritionanalysisonwinterfoodconstitutionofMongoliangazella(PIOc~gutturosa)inHulunbeirgrasslandwasmadebyuseofthemicrohistologicalanalysistechniqueoff6ces.Theresultsshowedthat21plantspecies(genus)wereavailabletoMongpliangazellainwinter(Table1).FromTable1,wecouldconcludethattheGramipeaeisthestaplefoodforMongpliangazellainwinter.*T:meansoneforagingplant'spercentageofallforagingplants.AChnatherumSPI6nd6ns,whichdistributesinlakesideandsalinizedlowland,belongs…     

黄羊胃肠组织形态学研究

采用石蜡切片方法对健康成年黄羊胃,肠进行了组织形态学观察。结果表明,瘤胃,网胃和瓣胃的胃壁构造基本相同。粘膜上皮都是复层扁平上皮,浅层细胞角化,瘤胃粘膜上形成许多大小不等的舌状乳头。无粘膜肌层;网胃粘膜形成许多皱襞。在皱襞上和网孔底上有许多圆锥状乳头。     

黄羊胃的解剖形态学特征

对５１头黄羊的胃进行了形态结构的研究。整个胃组织质量占体质量的比率为２．７４％～２．８９％。成年雄性、成年雌性、幼年雄性和幼年雌性中的比率分别为（２．７４±０．１１）％,（２．８３±０．０９）％（２．８２±０．１４）％和（２．８９±０．２０）％。瘤胃最大,占整个胃组织质量的７２％～７６％其次是网胃（９％～１０％）、皱胃（８％～１０％）和瓣胃（５％～６％）、除瘤胃与体质量呈线性正相关外,其它３个分胃与体质量呈线性负相关。瘤胃表面扩张系数（ ＳＦＦ）值为 ８．５２．瘤胃粘膜乳突密度为 ８９。黄羊胃分四层结构：粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜。前胃粘膜上皮都由复层扁平上皮细胞组成。瘤胃缺乏粘膜肌层、网胃肌层较厚。黄羊前胃无腺体．仅皱胃分布大量腺体。胃底腺主要由主细胞、壁细胞和颈粘液细胞构成、前胃的肌层比皱胃发达。从黄羊复胃形态结构特征分析、黄羊属于混饲者。     

Food habits and selective grazing of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) in Hulunber Grassland

IntroductionMongoliangazelle(PrOCSPraguttuross)isaspecialruminantspeciesthathasnumerouspopulationsintheeasternpaFtofNetMonggolGrasslandandasignificantcomponentofthegrasslandecosystem.Thisspecieshasthehabittoselectspeciesandqualityofplantstograze.However,thepopulationhasdecreaseddramaticallyandfacesextinctioninChina(JiangetSI.1998).Therefore,itisveryimportanttostudythefoodhabitsandfoodchoicebyMongoliangazelleforpromotingtheprotectionandmanagementofremainingpopulation.Inapreviouspaper(Gao…     

Nitrogen and fiber concentration in rumen contents and fecescontents of Mongolian gazelles

lntroductionWiIdlifemanagersdesirereIiableindicatorsofnu-tritionaIstatusoffree-rangingunguIatestoassessreIationshipsbetWeenhabitatsandpopuIations.ThenutritionaIconditionofunguIatesisstrongIyaffectedbytheirfOodquality,andasunguIatesreguIarlyexpe-riencenitrogenshortages(White1978IRobbins1983),itispaFticuIarlyimportanttoknowthenitrogenconcentrationoftheirfoodpIants.onecommonmethodofestimatingquaIityofungulatedietsisana-IysisnutritionaIquaIityofforagepIantsgrowinginhabitats.However,indisc…     

青海湖区普氏原羚与鸟类种群监测

通过在青海湖的蛋岛、鸬鹚岛、海心山、三块石、布哈河口等鸟类栖息地的鸟类种群数量监测，甘子河乡、沙岛东、克土、小泊湖、湖东种羊场、倒淌河镇元者、青海湖农场、哈尔盖乡、快尔玛乡、生格乡等地进行普氏原羚种群数量监测。目前，普氏原羚种群数量为702—845只。11月份种群数量比8月份增加22只，仅增长4．21个百分点；5个鸟类...     

Food habits and selective grazing of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) in Hulunber Grassland

The food availability, composition of the diets and selective grazing of the Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) were studied in Hulunber Grassland in Nei Monggol. The food availability of Mongolian gazelle showed seasonal changes. The plant biomass was higher in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. The fecal compositions of the gazelle demonstrated that fibrous parts occupied 62.4%, 74.8%, and 66.0% in spring, autumn, and winter, respectively. The Mongolian gazelle preferred to grazeCompositeae, Leguminosae, Allium spp. and other forbs in spring and autumn, while the grasses, such asAneurolepidium chinense andStipa spp. were selectively feeding in winter. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

A comparison of several indices for assessing body condition of Mongolian gazelle

Introduction7Riney(1982)statedthatbodyphysicalconditionofanimalsrespondquicklytoenvironmentalchangesandprovideagoodindextoapopulation'sresponsetothesechangesafterminimaltime-lag,thusfacilitatingamorepreciseunderstandingofcause-effectinterrelationsbetweenanimalsandtheirenvironment.Inthisregard,ameasurementoffatreservesprovidesthebestindextothephysicalconditionofawiderangeofmammal(Riney1955).Formeasuringcarcassfat,variousmethodshavebeendevisedandproposed.Thesemethodsincludekidneyfatindex,bonema…     

黄羊食物营养质量的初步研究

研究测定了１４种黄羊主要饲料植物和５１头黄羊瘤胃内食物的粗蛋白质、中性洗涤性纤维、酸性洗涤性纤维、酸性洗涤性木质素、中性洗涤性纤维灰分、酸性洗涤性纤维灰分、纤维素和半纤维素的含量。结果表明,各类饲料植物中营养成分的含量存在显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,而且具有明显的季节性变化：春季粗蛋白质的含量最高,冬季最低。洗涤性纤维和木质的季节变化则相反,春季最低,冬季最高。瘤胃内食物的营养成分季节变化模式与饲料植物相似,同一时期,瘤胃内食物的营养成分要高于饲料植物。中性洗涤性纤维与粗蛋白质呈显著的线性负相关性,与其它营养成分则是显著的线性正相关性。