Diagnosis of Congenital Cardiac Right-to-left Shunts with 99mTc-macroaggregated Albumin

Diagnosing right-to-left congenital cardiac shunts can be difficult. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography represent the traditional gold standard for diagnosis, but they are invasive. Nuclear scintigraphy using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) has been employed in humans as an alternate method of diagnosis. This study reviews eight dogs presented for evaluation of a suspect right-to-left cardiac shunt that were examined using 99mTc-MAA. In all, 2-4 mCi (74-148 MBq) of reduced particle 99mTc-MAA were injected IV in a cephalic vein and static images of the whole body, including right and left lateral, dorsal, and ventral views, were acquired for 60 s and stored into a 256 x 256 x 16 matrix. Shunt fractions were calculated. One dog with radiopharmaceutical distribution limited to the lungs did not have a shunt. Seven dogs had distribution of the radiopharmaceutical outside the pulmonary capillary bed, indicating bypassing of the pulmonary capillary circulation due to a right-to-left shunt. Four dogs had 99mTc-MAA within the brain. Three dogs that did not have brain uptake, but instead had a sharp cutoff of radioactivity at the level of the front limbs and neck, were diagnosed with reverse patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The asymmetric distribution of the radiopharmaceutical is due to the location of the shunt, distal to the brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery. Shunt fractions of dogs with extrapulmonary radioactivity ranged from 40% to 59%. Nuclear scintigraphy with 99mTc-MAA is a quick alternative method of diagnosing right-to-left cardiac shunts that permits quantification of shunt fraction. Distinguishing between reverse PDA and other right-to-left shunts may be possible based on the radiopharmaceutical distribution.     

Fas对镉激活PC12细胞线粒体凋亡通路的影响

旨在探究死亡受体Fas在镉致大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞（PC12）凋亡中的作用及其对线粒体通路的调控机制,用10 μmol·L^-1镉处理Fas基因沉默的PC12细胞株12 h,通过Western blot检测BH3相互作用域死亡激动剂（BID）、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-9（caspase-9）、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3（caspase-3）、多聚二磷酸腺苷核糖聚合酶（PARP）的活化情况,Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2基因（Bcl-2）、凋亡诱导因子（AIF）、核酸内切酶G（Endo G）的表达情况,以及细胞色素C（Cyt C）在细胞内的分布情况,免疫荧光染色检测AIF核转位。结果显示,镉极显著上调tBID/BID比值和Bax/Bcl-2比值,诱导Cyt C从线粒体释放到细胞质,激活caspase-9、caspase-3和PARP,增加AIF和Endo G蛋白表达水平（P<0.01）,并诱导AIF核转位;沉默Fas极显著抑制镉引起的tBID/BID比值和Bax/Bcl-2比值升高,Cyt C从线粒体释放到胞浆,caspase-3、PARP蛋白活化和AIF、Endo G蛋白表达水平极显著升高（P<0.01）,显著抑制镉激活的caspase-9（P<0.05）,并抑制AIF核转位。综上表明,Fas通过调控线粒体通路参与镉致PC12细胞凋亡。     

Design of the PC/104 Bus Mode Multi-channel Analyzer

This paper expatiates on the bus structure and develop the bus mode Multi-Channel Analyzer (MCA). The nucleus of this MCA is the PC/104 embedded computer, and it introduces the bus communication to realize system and data communication. It may realize data collecting and showing in the field, because the bus mode is rapid. At first, on the hardware we introduce CMOS components, this reduces power, volume and weight. These make it adapts to use in the field; besides, on the software we adopt C and assembly language to program in order to improve conversion speed. At the same time, single-task DOS operating system is infroduced, which makes the software run more steadily, operate more simply. By means of testing on the spot it can normally work, so it suitable to work in the field.     

喷油泵试验台智能量油系统的研究

为解决喷油泵试验台量油系统测量误差较大的问题，本研究通过采集喷油器针阀升程、喷油压力、转速等信号精确测得喷油量。     

Role of ghrelin in cell protection by up-regulating HSP70 through ERK1/2 signaling pathway in PC12 cells

AIM:To study the role of ghrelin in cell protection by up-regulating heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inhibiting apoptosis induced by oxidative stress through extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway in the PC12 cells. METHODS:Sodium nitoprusside (SNP) was used to induce oxidative stress injury in the PC12 cells. The cultured PC12 cells were divided into SNP-injured group (incubated with SNP at 0.5 mmol/L for 6, 12, 18 and 24 h), ghrelin pretreatment group (ghrelin at 100 nmol/L was given 30 min before adding SNP); HSP70 inhibitor group (quercetin at 10 μmol/L was added 60 min before ghrelin treatment), ERK inhibitor group (ERK 1/2 inhibitor PD98059 was added 60 min before ghrelin treatment) and control group (added same amount of culture medium only). The apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression was determined by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS:Compared with control group, the apoptotic rate of PC12 cells in SNP-injured group was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with SNP-injured group, ghrelin (100 nmol/L) pretreatment significantly inhibited SNP-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells (P<0.05), and significantly up-regulated the protein expression of HSP70 (P<0.05). Time-effect analysis showed that ghrelin had the most significant effect at 18 h after SNP injury. Quercetin, an inhibitor of HSP 70, significantly reduced the anti-apoptotic effect of ghrelin (P<0.05). Ghrelin pretreatment promoted the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 significantly inhibited the effects of ghrelin on up-regulation of HSP70 expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Ghrelin upregulates the expression of HSP70 and inhibits the apoptosis in the PC12 cells induced by oxidative stress by promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2.     

温室机器人道路识别与路径导航研究——基于红外测距

针对温室内移动机器人的应用需求,提出了一种基于红外线测距的温室机器人自主导航算法,并使用模糊算法对导航误差进行控制,实现了温室机器人的精确自主移动功能。温室机器人导航过程中,当红外线接收管接受到红外线信号时,会产生一个光强电流,电流放大后可以输出一个模拟电压;根据电压值,通过编程计算,利用电压和距离的对应关系,可以得到机器人和标志物的距离误差;距离信息通过串口传输到PC机上,PC机利用模糊控制原理对距离误差进行判断,发出控制指令。实验测试发现:机器人导航的距离偏差平均值为-1.28cm,均方差为2.68,超调较小,可以实现较为精确的导航。     

基于PDA的外来入侵物种数据采集系统设计与实现

为了提高外来入侵物种数据采集的规范性、准确性及数据传输的时效性,在分析外来入侵物种数据特点和数据采集需求的基础上,提出基于PDA的外来人侵物种数据采集系统的设计方案.系统以C#编程语言为开发工具,以SQL CE数据库为数据存储方式,结合GPS,WCF和Microsoft sync Framework等技术手段,实现了外来入侵物种数据采集、数据存储和数据上传等功能,提高了外来先入侵物种数据采集的工作效率.     

基于掌上电脑的农田信息快速采集与处理系统的研究

为了解决精细农业中空间信息及属性信息的快速获取与分析处理问题，提出并实现了基于掌上电脑的农田信息快速采集与实时处理系统。分析了具体实现系统功能的若干关键技术，如地理信息系统(GIS)、空间索引、Windows CE数据库技术、采样控制等因硬件环境的不同而产生的问题及相应的解决方案，又针对农场环境下的特殊性，提出并实现了一个面向对象的农场模型，以便于更好的描述农场环境及更方便的确定采样方案。作为一种实时系统，该系统可结合全球定位系统(GPS)和各种传感器，快速地测量和分析农田信息。应用该系统对两种GPS(Ag132与MAP330)进行了精度比较试验，快速而方便地证实了Ag132有更好的精确性与稳定性，更适于农业生产要求。试验的过程与结果也间接表明了该系统具有较好的实用性，为精细农业田间信息快速采集和处理设备的研制与开发奠定了基础。     

基于PDA的人工增雨火箭车载终端的设计与实现

介绍了基于DMGIS平台的服务端与基于PDA的GPS车载终端共同组成的车载火箭远程人工增雨作业指挥系统。应用智能手机与人影指挥中心进行通信,通过GPRS链路将指挥中心分发的多普勒天气雷达指挥作业参数和实时雷达回波图像截图传输到作业现场,并利用PDA的GPS定位功能,实时传输车载火箭的定位信息到指挥中心,实现动态指挥人工增雨作业,可以有效地提高基层人影办车载火箭作业系统的现场作业指挥能力。     

ArcPad在营造林外业调查系统中的应用

详细介绍了ArcPad在支持GIS的PDA设备中的应用技术,以营造林外业调查系统为例,详细给出了通过ArcPad结合空间数据库在PDA设备中构建营造林外业调查系统的方法和步骤。