南昌市园林藤本植物的应用现状

通过对南昌市6个片区90个样点中的园林藤本植物的应用状况进行详细调查和归类分析,结果表明南昌市园林藤本植物的应用状况具有以下几个特点:①种类偏少,仅12种;②分布不均匀,不同片区之间和功能区之间的应用状况相差悬殊;③应用形式较单调;④绿化面积小;⑤配植方式简单;⑥缺乏管护。因此,从总体上来说,南昌市园林藤本植物的应用水平不高。     

十种藤本植物边坡适应性研究

对边坡10种藤本植物的移栽成活率、植被覆盖度、萌蘖性能、苗长等性状进行了研究.结果表明:10种植物都能适合边坡条件,其中地枇杷、爬山虎、扶芳藤在边坡环境下表现最优,其次为薜荔、常春油麻藤.由此表明,地枇杷、扶芳藤适宜在边坡生长,具有较高的推广价值.     

Explaining variation in Brazil nut fruit production

Brazil nut is widely recognized as the cornerstone of the Amazonian extractive economy. Tight linkages between Brazil nut production, regional income, and intact mature forests have thrust this species into focus as a key component of Amazonian conservation and income generation strategies. Nonetheless, a comprehensive synthesis of factors explaining Brazil nut fruit production variation is lacking. We aimed to address this knowledge gap, asking: (1) What are the rates and annual variation of Bertholletia excelsa fruit production at individual and population levels? (2) What factors explain B. excelsa production variation, focusing on spatial and temporal variables, diameter at breast height (dbh), crown attributes, liana loads, and soil attributes? and (3) Does liana cutting affect fruit production?     

Calibrating the liana crown occupancy index in Amazonian forests

Lianas hold an important, but understudied, role in forest dynamics, however they are difficult to measure and detailed liana measurements are time consuming. Many researchers have therefore used an ordinal scale index, the crown occupancy index (COI), to describe the liana load carried by trees. Here we assess the overall effectiveness, in terms of accuracy, precision, repeatability and efficiency, of the COI in tropical forests. We relate the COI to more detailed liana measurements at the individual tree-level and site-level, comparing sites with different levels of liana infestation. Our results show (1) that the COI accurately measures individual tree and plot level liana loads, indicated by the strong correlations between the COI and the number and basal area of lianas. However, (2) as expected, the COI is only weakly related to the basal area of lianas rooted close to the tree, which is a proxy for competition for below-ground resources. The COI is also (3) an efficient measure of liana loads, as the input time needed for a COI survey is considerably less than that of a detailed liana survey. We also (4) found a high degree of repeatability in COI classification between observers. Additionally (5), the COI can be used to differentiate between sites in terms of their overall liana canopy competition (precision), but (6) may not be a precise indicator of the site-level mean basal area of lianas in tree crowns.     

钩藤中总生物碱提取工艺研究

[目的]探讨钩藤总生物碱提取工艺的影响因素,确定其最佳提取方案,为进一步分离提纯及生产开发奠定基础。[方法]对比超声辅助酸性醇及超声辅助酸性醇回流2种提取方法,同时以单因素和正交试验相结合的方法确定钩藤中总生物碱的最佳提取条件。[结果]通过对比单因素试验结果显示,pH值在1、2．3,乙醇浓度在50％、70％、90％,超声时间在45、60、75min条件下吸光度较高,以其为试验图素水平进行正交试验设计。结果表明,提取钧藤中总生物碱的较佳工艺条件是pH值为1、乙醇浓度为70％、超声浸提时间为75min。[结论]在研究得出的最佳提取工艺条件下提取钩藤总生物碱简便、稳定、可行。     

粗叶悬钩子无性扦插繁殖技术的优化

采用正交试验研究方法, 以生根率、平均根长和平均生根数3个因子为生根质量的指标, 对粗叶悬钩子进行无性扦插繁殖技术的优化试验。结果表明, NAA浓度、扦插基质、插穗类型和处理时间对粗叶悬钩子扦插繁殖的生根质量有明显影响。其中, 扦插基质对粗叶悬钩子无性扦插繁殖生根质量的影响最大, 处理时间次之, NAA浓度第3, 插穗类型影响最小。当NAA浓度为100 mg·L-1, 扦插基质为菜园土, 插穗为一年生带顶芽茎段, 处理时间为2 h时, 粗叶悬钩子扦插的生根质量最佳。     

木香与藤本月季软枝扦插技术的研究

选择不同的种类和不同浓度的生根剂对藤本月季和木香软枝插穗进行处理,结果表明:(1)木香的软枝扦插用激素处理扦插成活率为0,而藤本月季在不同处理中的成活率保持在26.7%-43.3%之间,(2)藤本月季不使用激素处理扦插成活率为26.7%,使用奈乙酸(NAA)和吲哚丁酸(IBA)处理成活率为28.3%-43.3%,说明这两种激素对藤本月季软枝扦插成活具有促进作用;(3)使用IBA25mg/kg、50mg/kg处理插穗的扦插成活率明显高于NAA处理;(4)使用这两种激素处理藤本月季的软枝插穗最理想的浓度为50mg/kg.     

干旱胁迫对4种常绿藤本植物抗性生理生化指标的影响

以4种常绿藤本植物为材料,研究了不同程度干旱胁迫对4种藤本植物的生理生化特性的影响。结果表明：在干旱胁迫下,4种藤本植物叶片的质膜透性上升,其中地枇杷增长幅度最小;超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性先下降后上升,过氧化物酶（POD）活性先上升后下降,且地枇杷、扶芳藤能维持较高的活性;可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量增加,地枇杷的可溶性糖与脯氨酸含量增幅最大。经综合分析,得出地枇杷抗旱性最强,其次是扶芳藤,常春藤抗旱性最弱。     

江西赣南藤本植物资源多样性调查研究

为了解赣南藤本植物资源的状况,对其藤本植物的物种丰富度、科、属组成、植物地理分布区类型及攀援方式等多样性进行了调查研究。结果表明：（1）赣南共有藤本植物51科、103属、225种（包括变种）;（2）以木质藤本属为主（49属）,占属总数的47．6％;（3）攀援类型分为4大类,缠绕类种类最多123种,占54．6％;（4）提出具有发展前景的藤本植物22种。     

Factors controlling the abundance of lianas along an altitudinal transect of tropical forests in Ecuador

In the light of putatively increasing liana abundances in present-day tropical forests and a persistent lack of understanding of liana abundance patterns and the responsible factors, we attempt to identify the key factors controlling liana abundance along an altitudinal transect in NE Ecuador. At four elevational levels (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 m), each represented by 10 plots of 400 m², the abundance and diameters of all lianas (dbh ≥ 1 cm) and trees (dbh ≥ 10 cm) were recorded in old-growth forest stands in the Sumaco Biosphere Reserve (SBR). Results were analysed with available data on soil chemical properties and canopy structure.