小兴安岭蕨类植物生态特性的研究

采用样线与样方相结合的调查方法，根据点相关系数及Ｘ＾２值连续性较正公式，测定了小兴安岭凉水自然保护区具有环境梯度的７个森林类型内主要蕨类植物的种间联结。结果表明：各林型均有其适生的蕨类类群，与该类群呈正联结的蕨类种其数量分布也多，反之刚少；具有环境梯度的不同林型序列，反映出蕨类植物适生生境的不同，据此，将本区主要蕨类植物分为４种生态类型。     

哈达门森林公园的旅游气候资源

地处阴山山系中段大青山脉林区的哈园，其气候区划为我国中温带亚干旱气候类型。就整体而言，四季分明，内陆气候特征强烈；但因巨大阴山山地效应，年降雨量超过４５０ｍｍ，植被繁茂，形成多种多样的小气候环境，以高山环境、森林环境及峡谷环境为代表，它们冷暖干湿分异形大。气候的多样性，可满足旅游者的不同要求，产生了非凡吸引力，为哈园开发建设的宝贵自然资源之一。     

新形势下森林资源保护管理对策

2004年8月,江西省开始启动林业产权制度改革,用近一年的时间基本完成了试点工作,目前改革工作已在全省全面铺开.通过林改,明晰林业产权,减免税费,逐渐放活经营,规范流转,林业生产关系更加适应社会主义市场经济发展需要,提高了木材生产收益、群众造林护林积极性及山地租赁价格.但是,在新的林业生产关系下,许多配套管理措施还没有完善,森林保护管理工作出现一些新情况新问题不可避免.为保护好、管理好森林资源,需要对这些新变化、新情况、新问题进行研究,找出规范管理的新途径.     

Spatial dependence and the relationship of soil organic carbon and soil moisture in the Luquillo Experimental Forest,Puerto Rico

We used geo-spatial statistical techniques to examine the spatial variation and relationship of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil moisture (SM) in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF), Puerto Rico, in order to test the hypothesis that mountainous terrain introduces spatial autocorrelation and crosscorrelation in ecosystem and soil properties. Soil samples (n = 100) were collected from the LEF in the summer of 1998 and analyzed for SOC, SM, and bulk density (BD). A global positioning system was used to georeference the location of each sampling site. At each site, elevation, slope and aspect were recorded. We calculated the isotropic and anisotropic semivariograms of soil and topographic properties, as well as the cross-variograms between SOC and SM, and between SOC and elevation. Then we used four models (random, linear, spherical and wave/hole) to test the semi-variances of SOC, SM, BD, elevation, slope and aspect for spatial dependence. Our results indicate that all the studied properties except slope angle exhibit spatial dependence within the scale of sampling (200 – 1000 m sampling interval). The spatially structured variance (the variance due to the location of sampling sites) accounted for a large proportion of the sample variance for elevation (99%), BD (90%), SOC (68%), aspect (56%) and SM (44%). The ranges of spatial dependence (the distances within which parameters are spatially dependent) for aspect, SOC, elevation, SM, and BD were 9810 m, 3070 m, 1120 m, 930 m and 430 m, respectively. Cross correlograms indicate that SOC varies closely with elevation and SM depending on the distances between samples. The correlation can shift from positive to negative as the separation distance increases. Larger ranges of spatial dependence of SOC, aspect and elevation indicate that the distribution of SOC in the LEF is determined by a combination of biotic (e.g., litterfall) and abiotic factors (e.g., microclimate and topographic features) related to elevation and aspect. This demonstrates the importance of both elevation and topographic gradients in controlling climate, vegetation distribution and soil properties as well as the associated biogeochemical processes in the LEF.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Applying Local Measures of Spatial Heterogeneity to Landsat-TM Images for Predicting Wildfire Occurrence in Mediterranean Landscapes

In mountainous Mediterranean regions, land abandonment processes in past decades are hypothesized to trigger secondary vegetal succession and homogenization, which in recent years has increased the size of burned areas. We conducted an analysis of temporal changes in landscape vegetal spatial pattern over a 15-year period (1984–1998) in a rural area of 672.3 km² in Eastern Spain to investigate the relationship between local landscape heterogeneity and wildfire occurrence. Heterogeneity was analyzed from textural metrics derived from non-classified remote sensing data at several periods, and was related to wildfire history in the study area. Several neural network models found significant relationships between local spatial pattern and future fire occurrence. In this study, sensitivity analysis of the texture variables suggested that fire occurrence, estimated as probability of burning in the near future, increased where local homogeneity was higher.     

浅议林业产业化及贵州林业产业化建议

在现代社会,林业的作用已不仅仅是单纯的提供绿化及木材,林业的生态效益、社会效益、经济效益可被广泛的要求所统一,从而使林业的产业化成为发展林业的一个必然趋势。林业资源发达的贵州充分利用林业资源优势大力发展林业产业化,尤其注重森林旅游的开发,成为贵州摆脱贫困的绿色经济发展路线。     

基于 ArcGIS Server 9.0和 J2EE 构建多层结构的森林资源 WebGIS

阐述了基于ArcGIS Server 9.0和J2EE技术的多层结构森林资源WebGIS的开发思想和各功能层的实现技术,在开发过程中以"瘦客户"模式作为本系统的结构模式,并采用MVC设计模式对系统功能进行分割。同时,以大兴安岭塔河林业局森林资源数据为例,介绍了森林资源空间数据的发布、森林资源WebGIS系统的组成以及其界面的定制、主要功能等。结果表明:ArcGIS Server 9.0、J2EE技术与MVC设计模式的综合使用,使整个森林资源WebGIS系统的开发效率、数据安全性、跨平台可用性、系统功能可扩充性和使用灵活性等方面较传统的双层体系结构系统得到了较大的优化和提升。     

亚高山针叶林冠下缺苞箭竹的克隆生长

以王朗国家级保护区亚高山针叶林下的缺苞箭竹(Fargesia denudata)为研究对象,比较研究了不同林冠环境下克隆生长特征,及4种林冠环境下克隆繁殖的大小依赖关系.研究结果表明:林冠环境的差异导致了分株平均生物量、基径、高度以及当年生立竹分株密度的显著差异,但对整个无性系种群的分株密度没有影响,缺苞箭竹对不同林冠环境的响应主要体现在分株质量上;间隔子的生物量、直径、分枝强度和比间隔子长等克隆生长特征在各个林冠环境中存在显著差异,间隔子长度只在大林窗环境中显著低于其他林冠环境;缺苞箭竹在4种林冠环境下均表现出克隆繁殖的大小依赖关系,母株大小通过间隔子的作用,对当年生立竹大小有显著影响.缺苞箭竹的克隆生长受到不同林冠环境的影响,在其适宜生境(中等林窗)内种群通过提高分株质量以增强整个种群的生命力,同时克隆生长受到自身母株的制约,林冠环境通过影响母株的质量从而影响克隆繁殖分株.     

森林对土壤侵蚀的调控作用研究综述

土壤侵蚀会带来严重的生态环境问题,森林具有很好地调控土壤侵蚀的作用,在此主要从森林植物的林冠层、枯枝落叶层以及根系3个方面阐述了森林的蓄水保土作用,并提出了这3个层次各自的调控特点及研究中存在的一些问题.     

贵州省平坝县森林蓄积量动态变化

依据平坝县1985年、1995年、2005年的森林资源二类调查数据以及2013年平坝县林地变更调查数据,对平坝县森林蓄积量动态变化进行分析。结果表明:平坝县森林蓄积量28年来稳步增长,但森林蓄积量增长过程也存在一些问题,对此提出加强森林经营管理、改善林分质量、增加森林蓄积量、加强森林资源多样性保护、充分利用乡土树种和良种等经营建议。