Practical Methods of Investment Risk Analysis at Construction Project

This paper discusses practical methods of investment risk analysis at a construction project,applying the Xifang Economics Principle and the Mathematical statistics etc, It has reference value for improving the Feasibility Research(FR)and Investment Decisions.     

Basal internode elongation of rice as affected by light intensity and leaf area

Short basal internodes are important for lodging resistance of rice(Oryza sativa L.).Several canopy indices affect the elongation of basal internodes,but uncertainty as to the key factors determining elongation of basal internodes persists.The objectives of this study were(1)to identify key factors affecting the elongation of basal internodes and(2)to establish a quantitative relationship between basal internode length and canopy indices.An inbred rice cultivar,Yinjingruanzhan,was grown in two split-plot field experiments with three N rates(0,75,and 150 kg N ha−1 in early season and 0,90,and 180 kg N ha−1 in late season)as main plots,three seedling densities(16.7,75.0,and 187.5 seedlings m−2)as subplots,and three replications in the 2015 early and late seasons in Guangzhou,China.Light intensity at base of canopy(Lb),light quality as determined from red/far-red light ratio(R/FR),light transmission ratio(LTR),leaf area index(LAI),leaf N concentration(NLV)and final length of second internode(counted from soil surface upward)(FIL)were recorded.Higher N rate and seedling density resulted in significantly longer FIL.FIL was negatively correlated with Lb,LTR,and R/FR(P<0.01)and positively correlated with LAI(P<0.01),but not correlated with NLV(P>0.05).Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that FIL was strongly associated with Lb and LAI(R2=0.82).Heavy N application to pot-grown rice at the beginning of first internode elongation did not change FIL.We conclude that FIL is determined mainly by Lb and LAI at jointing stage.NLV has no direct effect on the elongation of basal internodes.N application indirectly affects FIL by changing LAI and light conditions in the rice canopy.Reducing LAI and improving canopy light transmission at jointing stage can shorten the basal internodes and increase the lodging resistance of rice.     

枯草芽孢杆菌FR4对采后草莓的保鲜效果

研究了枯草芽孢杆菌FR4对草莓病原菌灰葡萄孢霉的抑制效果及贮藏品质的影响。在抑菌试验的基础上,分别采用活菌液、离心上清液和过滤液对新鲜草莓进行处理,处理后的草莓置于常温下(20±1℃),每隔24 h观察草莓的腐烂情况,并对草莓品质指标进行检测。结果表明:FR4活菌液和离心上清液对灰葡萄孢霉的抑制效果较好,过滤液次之,但均显著好于对照;不同处理可明显减少草莓腐烂率,降低失重率,减少还原糖含量和可滴定酸含量的损失,但对Vc含量没有显著影响,且活菌液和离心上清液处理优于过滤液。     

施氏鲟幼鱼摄食和生长的最适水温

实验用施氏鲟(AcipenserschrenckiiBrandt)幼鱼为黑龙江捕获的野生亲本经人工繁殖、培育所得,8月龄,体长(32 63±1 80)cm,实验周期35d。实验设计了4个水温处理组,实验水温分别为17℃、20℃、23℃和26℃,实验观察到,生活在不同水温环境中的幼鱼表现出不同的生长特性,养殖在23℃温度环境中的施氏鲟幼鱼的生长速度显著高于其他处理组幼鱼,水温对施氏鲟的特定生长率(SGR)、日增重(DWG)、食物转化率(FCR)和摄食率(FR)有着显著的影响。这些参数与水温(T)之间的相关关系可用二次回归曲线来描述,生长率与水温的回归方程式为:SGR=-12 933+1 418T+(-0 033)T2,摄食率与水温的关系式为:FR=-5 324+0 719T+(-0 016)T2。根据回归方程,求得施氏鲟幼鱼的最适生长水温为21 53℃,最大摄食率的水温为22 33℃。结论认为,施氏鲟在水温17～26℃都可摄食生长,但在20℃时最适宜;同时证实,施氏鲟最适生长温度要低于其最适摄食温度。     

橡胶木胶合板阻燃技术研究 Ⅳ.橡胶木胶合板的燃烧性质及热性质

通过对橡胶木胶合板与水曲柳胶合板、杨木胶合板、椴木胶合板的点着性、燃烧释热性、火焰传播性、发烟性以及热重曲线的对比,了解橡胶木胶合板的燃烧性质和热性质,并进一步探讨ＷＦＲ作为橡胶木胶合板阻燃剂的处理效果。     

带FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理分析与检测

对带有FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理进行了具体分析,同时介绍了FR、G端子的具体就车检测方法。     

Tillering Responses to High Red/ Far-Red Ratio of Four Japanese Wheat Cultivars

Abstract

The effect of high red/ far-red ratio (R/FR) on tillering in wheat and its cultivar differences were investigated with a pot experiment. Four Japanese wheat cultivars with a different degree of winter habit: Abukumawase, Sanukinoyume 2000, Norin 61 and Iwainodaichi, were grown under the tunnels with different R/FR conditions: one tunnel covered with a light control film which attenuates irradiance in the far red range (high R/FR) and the other with a transparent polyethylene film with a white shading cloth (control). The high R/FR treatment increased R/FR by 25%, and slightly decreased air temperature. The low temperature in high R/FR had some effect on the time of the developmental stage; however, physiological responses to high R/FR and its cultivar differences were observed. Tillering dynamics was quantified and analyzed based on phyllochron, site-filling and the time of cessation of tillering. The high R/FR significantly delayed the time in calendar days of full expansion of flag leaf and anthesis, but the effect of treatment was not significant in growing degree days. The high R/FR had no significant effect on the phyllochron and the maximum number of leaves on the main stem. The maximum number of tillers per plant was significantly increased and the cessation of tillering was significantly delayed by the high R/FR in all cultivars. In conclusion, the increase in the number of tillers in the high R/FR was attributed mainly to the delay of the cessation of tiller emergence, along with the significant increase in rate of tillering in some cultivars.     

Comparative analysis of multi-criteria probabilistic FR and AHP models for forest fire risk(FFR) mapping in Melghat Tiger Reserve(MTR) forest

A comparative study of Frequency Ratio(FR)and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)models are performed for forest fire risk(FFR)mapping in Melghat Tiger Reserve forest,central India.Identification of FFR depends on various hydrometeorological parameters altitude,slope,aspect,topographic position index,normalized differential vegetation index,rainfall,air temperature,land surface temperature,wind speed,distance to settlements,and distance by road are integrated using a GIS platform.The results from FR and AHP show similar trends.The FR model was significantly higher accurate(overall accuracy of 81.3%,kappa statistic 0.78)than the AHP model(overall accuracy 79.3%,kappa statistic 0.75).The FR model total forest fire risk areas were classified into five classes:very low(7.1%),low(22.2%),moderate(32.3%),high(26.9%),and very high(11.5%).The AHP fire risk classes were very low(6.7%),low(21.7%),moderate(34.0%),high(26.7%),and very high(10.9%).Sensitivity analyses were performed for AHP and FR models.The results of the two different models are compared and justified concerning the forest fire sample points(Forest Survey of India)and burn images(2010-2016).These results help in designing more effective fire management plans to improve the allocation of resources across a landscape framework.     

长牡蛎壳金选育系F4与普通养殖群体摄食和呼吸的比较研究

为了从生理学角度探讨长牡蛎壳金选育系的快速生长机制,本研究以两种规格长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)第4代壳金选育系(简称金1和金2)和两种普通养殖群体(简称对照1和对照2)为材料,比较了不同温度(16℃、20℃、24℃、28℃、32℃)和盐度(15、20、25、30、35)条件下各实验组的滤水率(FR)和耗氧率(OCR)。结果显示:(1)摄食实验中,4个组长牡蛎的滤水率均随温度或盐度增加先上升后下降,在温度28℃时出现最大值;对照1的滤水率在盐度25时达到最大值,其他3组滤水率在盐度30时达到最大值;方差分析结果显示,温度、群体,盐度、群体对长牡蛎的滤水率均有显著性影响,长牡蛎壳金选育系的滤水率均显著大于普通养殖群体(P0.05)。(2)呼吸实验中,较大规格长牡蛎壳金选育系的耗氧率受温度或盐度变化的影响更小。方差分析结果显示,温度、群体,盐度、群体均对长牡蛎耗氧率有显著性影响。实验温度范围内,金1的耗氧率显著小于对照1,但金2的耗氧率显著大于对照2(P0.05)。实验盐度范围内,壳金选育系的耗氧率均显著大于普通群体(P0.05)。(3)同一壳色群体中,个体越大,单位软体部干重滤水率和耗氧率越低。研究表明,较大规格长牡蛎壳金选育系F4更能适应外部环境的变化,该选育系的快速生长可能是由其较高滤食行为导致的。