马尾口岸进境空集装箱疫情截获分析

对马尾口岸2008~2012年进境空集装箱疫情截获进行统计分析,指出了进境空集装箱植物检疫存在的问题,并提出了相应的检疫监管对策。结果表明,2008~2012年间马尾口岸在进境集装箱空箱中共截获各类有害生物涵盖60科114种,主要来自台湾和香港,并呈季节性变化。进境集装箱空箱携带有害生物疫情复杂,应对进境空箱加强卫生和植物检疫监管,以防止疫情和有毒、有害物质随集装箱携带入境。     

Petroleum flotation technique upgrades the germinability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Casuarina equisetifolia</Emphasis> seed lots

The germination of Casuarina equisetifolia Forst seed lots is low (40–50%) even when freshly collected. This study aimed at upgrading the germination performance by removing non-germinable seeds using petroleum flotation technique. Seeds collected from 19 individual trees in seedling seed orchards in India were assessed using X-ray to determine the proportion of different seed lot fractions. The feasibility of petroleum ether as a separation medium was tested. Morphological characters of floating and sunken seeds were further studied using image analysis technique to examine their effects on the separation efficiency. The X-ray analysis revealed a large quantity of shrivelled, empty and insect-damaged seeds, altogether accounting 50%, which were the causes of low percentage germination of un-graded seed lots (48%). Petroleum flotation resulted in 90% germination in the sunken fraction and 4% in the floating fraction. The separation was distinct for most seed lots, except few seed lots that had relatively low germination in the sunken fractions and more than 10% germination in the floating fractions. As a whole, petroleum flotation appears to be a feasible technique to upgrade the germination of C. equisetifolia seed lots, and its efficacy is influenced by wing surface area, seed density and wing quotient of filled and empty seeds.     

云南板栗早实性研究

实生板栗幼树从定值后第3年开始地径和树高生长超过嫁接苗。平均地径、树高和冠幅以永仁实生板栗最大。实生板栗早实性仅表现在形成雄花序和雌花簇，定值后第4年所有实生板栗幼树所结的球苞均为空苞，并以永仁实生板栗平均单株球苞数量多。达到104．6个。     

对2005年玉米雌穗分化中几种异常现象的分析

2005年辽宁省丹东地区玉米生产在较大范围内发生了雌穗分化过程中的异常现象，涉及的品种之多，面积之大，在历史上也是罕见的。由于这种异常现象大面积发生，从而造成东港市玉米大幅度减产，减产幅度达30％～40％，个别地块达50％。本文将这些异常现象加以分析、整理，并对玉米雌穗分化过程中几种异常现象的表现、规律、成因和对策进行了初步探讨。     

浅析吉林省珲春市图鲁村空巢老人的养老问题

随着农村空巢老人规模的扩大,空巢老人的养老问题成为社会关注的焦点.采用问卷调查法和访谈法,对图鲁村空巢老人的养老状况做分析的基础上,经济、身体健康、生活照料以及精神方面存在的问题提出相关的对策建议.     

农村老年人养老问题理论认识与现实状况的矛盾研究——以湖南某村庄为例

目前理论界普遍认为我国农村老年人养老问题突出,受到老年化及空巢化的严峻挑战,农村老年人生活现状令人担忧。然而在对农村老年人养老问题的实地调查中发现,农村老年人即便在生活条件恶劣的情况下,其自身对现实生活状况却是较满意和乐观。提出要为农村老年人提供更好的养老保障。     

Factors affecting the dynamics of the population of Fagus crenata in the Takakuma Mountains, the southern limit of its distribution area

The refugee population of Fagus crenata in the Takakuma Mountains, Kyushu, Japan, represents the southern limit of this species' distribution area. Because this population is the most exposed to the global warming effect, records of this population are likely to provide useful information on the response of this species to global warming. The aim of this study was to record the present status of this valuable population, enabling judgment of its sustainability. The density of successive F. crenata trees and saplings was low regardless of the coverage of dwarf bamboo. Moreover, the proportion of empty nuts observed was considerably high, suggesting to be the likely major factor limiting recruitment of saplings or successors in this population. Radial growth of F. crenata was shown to have been decreasing for the past 50 years, and there was a significantly negative correlation with the warmth index. The decreasing growth rate and poor regenerative ability caused by the high proportion of empty nuts suggest the possibility that this population will degrade further in the future, possibly being replaced by shrubs and small tree species.     

饲粮代谢能水平对22～42日龄黄羽肉鸡体成分和能量、粗蛋白质沉积率影响的研究

试验以岭南黄鸡为代表 ,研究饲粮代谢能水平对 2 2～ 4 2日龄黄羽肉鸡体成分和能量、粗蛋白质沉积率的影响。试验结果表明 ,随饲粮代谢能水平提高 :①试鸡空体粗脂肪和能量含量呈线性增加 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,而空体粗蛋白质含量无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;②试鸡腿肌粗脂肪含量增加 (P <0 .0 1或P >0 .0 5 ) ,到处理 3组达到峰值 ,以后略有下降。胸肌粗脂肪含量变化不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,也无规律 ;③饲粮代谢能水平对雌性试鸡能量沉积率有显著影响 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,粗蛋白质沉积率无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。     

油棕丝中密度纤维板的研制与开发

介绍开发油棕丝的必要性和可行性,工业性试验表明油棕丝MDF,其质量不亚于木质MDF,目前国内可提供成套的油棕丝MDF制造设备,不仅可以使国产人造板生产线进入国际市场,且为我国海南、广东、福建等地区开发利用油棕丝MDF创造了条件,拓宽了人造板生产的原料来源。     

板栗子房内源激素与主要营养物质含量变化及其关系研究

板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl.)空苞现象是制约我国板栗单产提高的主要因素之一.对板栗的显微观察发现空苞主要发生在幼胚发育期,合子(受精卵)发育所需的有机营养物质未能从胚乳细胞中得到,阻碍了合子发育(杜国华等,1995).袁艺等(1997)的营养物质含量分析进一步证实了合子形成后的营养供应不足是造成空苞栗子房发育停滞的原因.实际上,果树座果受子房内源激素含量及平衡的调控(Ram,1983;Yuan et al.,1988),研究者也推测板栗子房中低含量的生长促进物质和高含量的抑制物质可能造成了合子分裂停滞(杜国华等,1994;1995).本研究拟通过空苞栗胚胎发育期子房内源激素和主要营养物质含量分析,探讨板栗子房内源激素含量与营养物质积累的关系,为板栗空苞的控制提供理论依据.