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1.
甜樱桃芽酚类物质含量及相关酶活性变化与自然休眠的关系 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
以7年生甜樱桃‘红灯’和‘早红宝石’为试材, 研究了酚类物质含量及相关酶活性在自然休眠期间的动态变化, 探讨了温度对酚类物质含量的影响。结果表明, 甜樱桃芽酚类物质在自然休眠期间持续缓慢增加, 随休眠的结束, 含量急剧下降, 不同品种之间有差异, 自然休眠结束后总酚含量降至最低。花芽中的酚类物质含量略高于叶芽, 多酚氧化酶( PPO) 、苯丙氨酸解氨酶( PAL) 活性差别不大; 不同需冷量的品种之间差异明显。芽中PAL活性与总酚含量的变化趋势呈正相关。而PPO活性在自然休眠期间逐渐升高。低温(5℃) 促进酚类物质的积累, 中期使其提前达到高峰并进入下降阶段, 后期加速其降低;高温(20℃) 效果相反, 变温(5℃/20℃) 效果不明显。 相似文献
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几种落叶果树H2O2含量变化与自然休眠关系的研究 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
以设施栽培中常见的几种核果类果树品种和两个葡萄品种为试材, 分析了芽休眠期间 H2O2含量变化动态, 并探讨了温度、生长调节剂及化学破眠物质对H2O2含量影响的效应。结果表明: 休眠期间,不同树种( 品种) 芽内 H2O2含量存在差异, 基本趋势是晚熟品种高于早熟品种, 花芽高于叶芽, 但葡萄品种相反, 早熟的‘京秀’高于晚熟的‘巨峰’; 休眠期芽内 H2O2含量基本呈稳步上升后急剧下降的趋势,不同品种急剧下降的时间略有差别, 且与自然休眠解除的时间相吻合。低温(5 ℃) 处理显著增加了芽中 H2O2含量, 中温(10 ℃) 使 H2O2含量略有增加, 而高温(20 ℃) 却导致 H2O2含量降低。休眠前期50 mg.L-1 ABA 处理显著提高了芽中H2O2含量, 而100 mg.L-1的GA3和6-BA 处理有减少 H2O2含量的趋势, 但二者差异不明显。热带地区常用的化学破眠物质对芽 H2O2的影响因树种( 品种) 、使用时期不同而异, 硫脲、KNO3前期使用对核果类果树影响明显, CaCN2对核果类无明显效应, 但对葡萄品种作用显著。果树芽 H2O2含量的动态变化表明, H2O2可能是低温解除自然休眠的原因。 相似文献
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测定了三个砂梨品种四个芽组织的需冷量及内休眠期间可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸、H2O2、POD、IAA、GA3和ABA等生理指标变化趋势。需冷量从高到低依次为‘翠冠’叶芽、‘圆黄’花芽、‘翠冠’花芽、‘翠玉’花芽。可溶性蛋白、POD、GA3和IAA随休眠加深而下降,随休眠解除而上升。进入内休眠后,脯氨酸总体呈上升趋势;H2O2和ABA随休眠的加深而上升,随休眠的解除而下降。其中,H2O2含量与四种芽样本的萌芽率均呈显著负相关。 相似文献
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从发芽势、发芽率、芽长和根长4个方面,分析比较了6个绿化草坪品种发芽期对不同NaCl处理浓度的耐盐性.结果表明:明星和凯蒂莎的耐盐性高于其它品种. 相似文献
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Flower initiation date and readiness to flowering in buds of different age were studied in ‘Fino de Jete’ cherimoya (Annona cherimola) cultivar in order to establish the limits for the manipulation of its flowering date. Flower initiation was analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) collecting axillary buds from May to the following February, whereas the bud readiness to produce perfect flowers was determined by forcing buds of different age to sprout by means of leaf removal and tipping the new growth. SEM images confirm that cherimoya buds are differentiated into flowers almost a year before blooming. In this regard, axillary buds have already formed the sepals when the subtending leaf has just begun unfolding (week 0), while the petals are clearly visible in 1-week-old buds. Sectioning of paraffin-embedded buds illustrate that cherimoya buds are in fact a bud complex that 1 week after its inception comprises 4–5 buds of different size of which the two largest ones are reproductive, while the 2–3 smallest buds often remain undifferentiated at that time. The high capacity of flowering expressed by young buds that have been forced to grow proves that cherimoya meristems are early competent for flowering. No differences in fertility or in the time needed to reach anthesis after leaf removal were found among buds of different ages. Node position had no effect on bud break and flowering potential. The early flower initiation in cherimoya deduced from this work opens a wide temporal window for the experimental manipulation of flowering and harvest dates in this crop. 相似文献
9.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar boron and calcium application after harvest on the quantity and activity of pollen in the ‘Housui’ and ‘Wonwhang’ pears on a subsequent year. Pollen grains of the ‘Housui’ pear were cultured on germination medium, to which had been added boric acid (0, 25, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg L−1) and calcium nitrate (0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500 mg L−1). Boric acid, which was added to the germination media, exerted a significant stimulatory effect on both pollen germination and pollen tube growth, although pollen tube growth was inhibited at higher concentrations than 300 mg L−1. Calcium nitrate addition stimulated pollen germination, except at concentration of 500 mg L−1. However, pollen tube growth was significantly inhibited with increasing concentrations of calcium nitrate. In the orchard experiment, boron and calcium were sprayed at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 500 or 1000 mg L−1 onto leaves after harvest, respectively. Boron and calcium content in the tissues as well as pollen production and growth were determined after these treatments. The foliar application of boron mainly resulted in an increase of boron concentration in buds. It also induced an increase in the weight of the anther and pollen in the following year. On the other hand, the foliar application of calcium resulted in an increase of calcium concentration mainly in the leaves, but pollen weight was decreased at high concentration treatment in the following year. The germination rate and tube growth of collected pollen were highest in the trees which had received boron treatment at a concentration of 200 mg L−1. In contrast, the germination rate and tube growth of collected pollen were decreased by calcium application at concentrations of 500 and 1000 mg L−1 without significant increase at lower concentrations. Consequently, the accumulation of boron in the developed buds of pear trees subjected to post-harvest foliar boron application generated positive effects on both the quantity and quality of pollen in the following year. 相似文献
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