提高烟叶委托分选质量的管理措施

为确保委托方烟叶原料分选质量的稳定性,针对复烤企业承担品牌原料均质化加工要求,积极探索在管理过程中提高烟叶委托分选质量的有效途径,切实加强烟叶分选质量的全程控制,提升复烤企业为委托方品牌烟叶挑选的服务水平。     

7Be在示踪土壤侵蚀和沉积物中的研究探讨

环境放射性核素137Cs和210Pb为测量土壤侵蚀和沉积速率提供了一种重要的方法。然而这两种核素只能提供中长期(45年和100年)的土壤再分配的速率,因此有必要研究示踪个别事件或短周期的土壤再分配的速率作为示踪中长期土壤再分配速率的有益补充,7Be(半衰期53.3 d)作为自然放射性核素,能够满足示踪个别事件或短周期的土壤再分配的需要,越来越受到广泛的关注。土壤再分配过程一般是自然和人为因素共同引起的,需要评价他们各自对土壤再分配过程的影响程度,用于评价土地利用和水土保持措施的效果,更为重要的是用于土地资源可持续利用和环境保护。讨论了7Be产生规律以及沉降特点,阐述了7Be在土壤再分配过程中的示踪原理,并对现有土壤侵蚀定量估算模型进行阐述并改进了模型,提出了今后应用7Be技术的研究方向。     

城乡建设用地增减挂钩中农民“被上楼”现象分析与对策

分析了城乡建设用地增减挂钩工作中农民"被上楼"现象及其原因,并为相关问题的解决提出相应对策:应充分调查当地村民的生活方式,从设计安置区模式、落实资金、完善建后管理3个方面促进城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策的顺利实施。     

宇宙线散落核素7Be在山区表土层中的分布特征及侵蚀示踪原理

宇宙线散落核素⁷Be具稳定的物质来源和53.3天的半衰期,提供了示踪环境微粒季节性迁移的必要条件;其在土粒中主要存在于Fe-Mn氧化物及有机质结合相,适应于季节性微粒迁移示踪;它在表土层中的垂直分布特征提供了示踪微粒季节性迁移的充分条件。⁷Be在表土层中的累计值、表观比活度、最大渗透深度及相对侵蚀(或堆积)速率是土粒迁移的示踪参数。     

“be＋形容词＋of＋宾语”结构的探索

首先分析“be＋形容词＋of＋宾语”结构的语法意义并指出该结构所表示的一种动作或情态关系以及该结构相当于此中形容词的同义及物动词,然后就所收集的两百余个常用于此结构的形容词进行一次梳理,主要根据含义近似性或关联性以及结构特点把它们归纳成十大类,最后指出该结构在刻画人物的外貌衣着、描述人物的行为举止、描绘事物的状况、揭示人物的心理状态、表达人物的情感等五个方面的句法功能,以便帮助英语工作者和学习者理解、记忆、掌握和使用这种语法结构。     

Traditional versus improved agroforestry systems in Vietnam: a comparison

Combined with the diverse biophysical and social heterogeneity encountered in the northern mountains, the socioeconomic changes in Vietnam that accompanied the decollectivisation process led to complex agrarian dynamics that today challenge traditional farming and management of natural resources. Data for this study were collected from villages in and around Ba Be National Park (BNP) in the Bac Kan Province located in the northern mountains of Vietnam. Traditional slash and burn cultivation is no longer a sustainable practice in Vietnam. The main challenges in the region are to protect biodiversity, maintain the land productivity and simultaneously support local livelihoods. The study shows that improved agroforestry cultivation could provide significantly higher productivity and income per unit of land, besides decreasing pressure on natural forests. The challenge to protect biodiversity is not met, as improved agroforestry implies less tree species. From an institutional and socio‐economic perspective, it is not easy for local communities to readily adapt to improved agroforestry. New systems must be tailored site‐specific to the diverse local conditions of resource‐poor farmers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Climatic significance of glacier retreat and rockglaciers re-assessed in the light of cosmogenic dating and weathering rind thickness in Clarée valley (Briançonnais,French Alps)

Recent advances in geochronology provide opportunities to identify the glacial and periglacial sequences in mountain area. In this paper, we focus on the Upper Durance catchment (Southern French Alps), in the Clarée valley, where no absolute chronological benchmark was defined. Glacial remnants and periglacial features were investigated, integrated within a chronological scenario thanks to relative (weathering rind thickness) and absolute (CRE technique) dates. We find evidence of the existence of a Late-Glacial valley glacier, that has never been reported before. Then the upper valleys became ice-free during a period corresponding to the Early-Holocene Climate Optimum, whereas two sequences of cirque glaciation are identified during the second half of the Holocene. We also show evidence of three main generations of rockglaciers, which also mainly developed during the second half of the Holocene, probably at the end of the Subboreal period. The location and the altitudes of rockglaciers are strongly dependent on the geomorphic setting (especially the location of the sediment sources), hence complicating their palaeo-climatic interpretations.     

7Be示踪坡耕地次降雨细沟与细沟间侵蚀

对于坡面细沟与细沟间侵蚀过程的了解是建立侵蚀预报模型的基础,但传统方法难以对其进行深入研究。利用7Be示踪技术并结合人工模拟降雨,考虑坡脚沉积作用,研究了25°坡耕地径流小区次降雨过程中细沟与细沟间侵蚀动态。结果表明：根据流出径流小区泥沙7Be含量变化计算坡面明显细沟出现时间,由于坡脚沉积作用使得A、B两试验小区这一时间比实际细沟出现分别延迟了45 min和11 min;根据坡面-侵蚀泥沙中7Be总量守恒和泥沙质量平衡原理,坡面细沟间侵蚀及细沟侵蚀在坡面总侵蚀、坡脚沉积区泥沙及流出径流小区泥沙中的比例被定量区分开;总体上,细沟间侵蚀量在径流泥沙中的比例逐渐减少,而细沟侵蚀量逐渐增加。两试验小区中7Be示踪计算坡面细沟侵蚀量和坡脚沉积量与实测值相比相对误差均较小,因此7Be示踪技术可以对土壤侵蚀进行较为准确地定量研究。     

放射性核素~7Be在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用现状及前景

本文介绍了~7Be目前在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用现状 ,并提出了今后~7Be示踪土壤侵蚀的研究方向