优良乡土树种观光木选育与栽培技术研究

观光木是木兰科单种属植物，是国家保护的珍稀濒危植物，是我国南方常绿阔叶林中的优势建群树种。以其树干通直、材质优良、速生、树形优美等特性而备受关注。我们在观光木科学引种栽培的基础上，对其生物生态学特性、繁育技术、营林配套技术进行了一系列基础性的研究工作，为全面选育和开发该树种奠定了良好的技术支撑。     

肉仔鸡生长过程中行为与产热的变化

研究肉仔鸡成长过程中行为变化对产热量的影响 ,将 2日龄肉仔鸡 36只分为自由摄食、 50 %摄食和绝食 3组进行观测。立位行为集中在明期 ,特别是摄食 30min前后 ,暗期几乎没有出现立体行为。 2日龄时 ,每天约有 70 0min是立位的 ,其后 ,随着日龄的增加而减少。在自由采食区 ,公雏比母雏摄食时间长。 50 %摄食区较自由采食区的摄食时间少。在绝食区 ,随着日龄的增加 ,公母的立位时间呈现减少倾向。 2 1日龄之前随着日龄的增加其摄食时间也增加 ,其后呈现相反倾向。产热 (HP ,kJ/kg0 75)与摄食时间有相同倾向。在 2 1日龄前公雏的HP比母雏低 ,2 1日龄后母雏比公雏低。 1天中各个区的HP活动规律是摄食后 1h内最高 ,暗期降低 ;限制摄食量后 ,HP降低 ,明期和暗期的HP差也随之减小     

Effects of component of some Chinese herbs on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro

AIM: To observe the effects of some component of Chinese herbs for external use on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and investigate the mechanism of promoting tissue repair. METHODS: The method of MTT was used to examine the effects of Rg1, Rh1, perlolyrine, cinnamyl aldehyde, muscone, astragaluspolysaccharin (APS), velver antler polypeptide (VAP) and soluble extract of boswellia carterii birdw (BCB) on proliferation of HUVEC. RESULTS: APS did not promote proliferation of HUVEC at 9.75 mg/L-2.5 g/L; Rh1 promoted proliferation of HUVEC at 1.94 mg/L-0.5 g/L (P<0.05 or P＜0.01), and Rg1 inhibited proliferation of HUVEC at 31 mg/L (P<0.05); VAP promoted proliferation of HUVEC at 1 mg/L-0.5 g/L with optimal dose of 10 mg/L (P<0.01), Cinnamyl aldehyde promoted proliferation of HUVEC at 2 g/L(P＜0. 05); Muscone and soluble extract of BCB inhibited proliferation of HUVEC at 1 g/L, 0.5-2.5 kg/L(P＜0. 01), respectively; Perlolyrine inhibited proliferation of HUVEC at 0.125 g/L-0.5 g/L(P＜0. 01). CONCLUSION: The external herbs for supplementing Qi and warming Yang can promote HUVEC proliferation and improve angiogenesis during tissue repair. The external herbs for promoting blood circulation and accelerating capillary movement may have influence upon other stages of tissue repair.     

The molecular mechanism of inhibition of murine Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis by weimaining in vivo

AIM: To investigate the anti-metastasis effect of weimaining, extracted from fragopyrum cymosum meissn, a Chinese medicine, on murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). METHODS: The anti-metastasis effect of weimaining in vivo was detected in the grafting lung metastasis model of murine Lewis lung carcinoma. The effects of the drug on the expression of CD34 and E-cadherin were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Weimaining effectively inhibited the lung metastasis of 3LL at a concentration of 250 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, significantly suppressed the expression of CD34 and increased the expression levels of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in 3LL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Weimaining inhibits the metastasis of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in vivo via increasing the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing microvessel density of tumor tissue.     

记录小麦SSR带型的快捷方法

针对小麦SSR带型识别和记录中因带纹繁多和分布复杂而造成带纹判读和记录困难的特点,提出了根据每对SSR引物生成带型间的差别直接对带型进行编号,以有效简化小麦SSR带型的记录方法。该方法避免了由于错误判断引起的实验误差,并可利用每个品种的带型编号,建立品种的DNA指纹以及进行品种基因型比对。     

转反义PLDγ基因小麦雄性不育突变体的形态学及遗传学初步研究

为了解不育株系03039S的不育特点并明确其在育种中的利用价值,应用形态学与细胞学方法对其小孢子发育、雌性育性及异交后代育性分离比例等特性进行了观察与研究.结果表明:(1)03039S不育植株矮小瘦弱,颖壳开张角度大,有蓬松透明感,花药瘦秕,不开裂,花丝长,花药外露,不育特征明显;(2)不育植株花药单核期小孢子异常率达到86.12%,主要表现为核变小,细胞质稀薄不均,内含物减少,皱缩变形.二核期、三核期皱缩加重,核消失,不能染色,三核期败育率达100%.(3)03039S杂交结实率与对照LK906无差异,雌性育性器官活力未受影响;(4)03039S及其衍生系F1代不育株与可育株出现95∶97的分离,经χ2测验符合1∶1的分离比例.     

白菜胞质雄性不育系叶绿体DNA的SSR分析

从烟草的36时叶绿体SSR引物中筛选出10对引物对白菜不育系和保持系的叶绿体基因组进行了SSR分析,发现两系间扩增片段的多态性较小,获得了1条只在不育系稳定出现的微卫星序列.此结果显示,不育系和保持系的叶绿体基因组间确实存在差异,此差异也许与细胞质雄性不育相关.     

川西北高寒草地潜在生态草种营养成分的比较研究

对四川西北部高寒草甸草地的5种潜在生态草种不同生育期的营养成分进行了分析,结果表明,各草种不同生育期的粗水分、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分等含量不同.其中赖草的干物质、蛋白质、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物和粗灰分含量显著高于川草Ⅰ号、川草Ⅱ号、垂穗鹅冠草和硬杆仲冰草等4种草.5种草不同生育期营养成分的分析结果表明,各草种分蘖期和孕穗期的粗水分、粗灰分、蛋白质、粗脂肪以及钙、磷含量明显高于结实期,而粗纤维、干物质和除赖草外的无氮浸出物含量则相反.表明在利用这些草种的过程中应抓好分蘖期的管理工作,以达到充分利用其饲用价值的目的.     

水稻无花粉型核不育系特优占S育性特征研究

采用经典遗传学方法,对无花粉型核不育系特优占S的育性特征进行了研究。结果表明,特优占S在湖北夏季不育期长,不育期内属无花粉败育型,不育性稳定,可育转换温度在22℃左右,鉴定结果准确可靠,有明显的育性转换过渡期,即育性转换期是从无花粉型、少量花粉且典败、大量花粉且典败、染败、正常染色等逐步过渡的过程,不育期如受到低温的影响,不会直接转化为可育,可以有效避免普通两系杂交种子生产过程中因低温引起的种子纯度降低问题：长时间的低温和短光照条件方可诱导较高的可育性：可恢复性良好,不育性的遗传符合1对隐性核基因的遗传规律。本研究还对生产上利用无花粉型光敏核不育系解决两系杂交稻的难题进行了探索,对特优占S在花粉发育研究和雄性不育的发育研究上的价值进行了讨论。     

Detection of arboviruses in Culicoides(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected from animal farms in the border areas of Yunnan Province,China

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides(order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae) are potential biological vectors for the transmission of certain arboviruses among humans, livestock, and wild animals. This study collected a total of 405 Culicoides individuals from seven animal farms located in five counties in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China, and examined the Culicoides species composition and the major arboviruses carried by the Culicoides species. The collected Culicoides were classified into seven species with variable abundances: Culicoides arakawae(5.43%, 22/405), Culicoides homotomus(1.23%, 5/405), Culicoides obsoletus(19.75%, 80/405), Culicoides orientalis(17.28%, 70/405), Culicoides oxystoma(29.38%, 119/405), Culicoides peregrinus(5.68%, 23/405), and Culicoides nipponensis(21.23%, 86/405). Among the seven species, C. oxystoma and C. nipponensis were distributed in all the five counties with abundances of 13.33–44.87% and 10.00–46.83%, respectively, suggesting that these were the dominant species of Culicoides widespread on animal farms in the border areas. PCR was used to detect major arboviruses in the collected Culicoides specimens, including bluetongue virus(BTV), Japanese encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, African swine fever virus, and African horse sickness virus. Among the tested viruses, only BTV serotype 1 was tested positive in C. oxystoma specimens collected from a buffalo farm. Culicoides oxystoma was the dominant species on animal farms in the sampled areas, but it has not previously been documented as positive for BTV in China. The current results thus suggest that C. oxystoma could be an important vector for BTV transmission in these border areas, which, however, needs to be confirmed by further comprehensive experiments. Overall, the present study provides the first profile of Culicoides species on animal farms in the China, Vietnam, and Myanmar border areas, establishes the prevalence of arboviruses carried by these Culicoides species, and suggests the vector potential of C. oxystoma species for the transmission of BTV.