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Y. Schulman S.P. Monselise 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):471-478
Some preliminary data on the natural wax coat of citrus fruits are presented. Thin-layer and column chromatography showed that the main differences from apple and grape waxes were the relatively higher percentage of esters, the lower percentage of alcohols and the apparent lack of triterpenoids. During fruit development in the Shamouti orange wax production was approximately balanced by surface growth, sos that the amount of wax per unit surface of rind was approximately constant for most of this period. When fruit growth was slowed down by winter temperatures and incipient senescence, the amount of wax per unit surface increased. Wax production continued (possibly at a greater rate) after the fruit had been severed from the tree. Wax removal was enhanced by successive treatments with chloroform. Weight losses of fruit in storage were proportional to the number of wax removals. Packing-house treatments did not remove natural wax but seemed to check its secretion by rind cells. 相似文献
4.
Proteins of buds and leaves of orange trees, periodically treated with gibberellin during the flower formation period or left untreated as controls, were extracted and separated by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Salt-extractable proteins of buds showed differences in patterns between gibberellin treated and controls both at evocation time and during floral histogenesis. In each treatment, bands absent from the other could be detected. Results are compatible with the hypothesis that protein fractions present in buds producing flowers are different from those where flower formation has been prevented by gibberellin. 相似文献
5.
Spraying apple seedlings with 4 000 ppm SADH resulted in an immediate reduction in the translocation of 14C-labelled assimilates to the shoot tip, which reached a minimum 10–14 days after treatment. There was no reduction in translocation of assimilates to the root tips. 相似文献
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Acute cortisol responses of calves to scoop dehorning using local anaesthesia and/or cautery of the wound 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
SP SYLVESTER DJ MELLOR KJ STAFFORD RA BRUCE RN WARD 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(2):118-122
Objective To measure plasma cortisol responses in calves dehorned using a scoop after administration of local anaesthesia and/or cautery of the wounds.
Design A physiological study with controls.
Procedure There were six treatments: control handling with and without local anaesthesia, dehorning, dehorning after local anaesthesia, dehorning followed by wound cautery, and dehorning after local anaesthesia followed by wound cautery. Blood samples were taken before and after dehorning.
Results Dehorning caused an increase in plasma cortisol concentrations, which decreased a little to plateau values and then declined to pretreatment values 3 to 4 h after dehorning. The peak was smaller after local anaesthesia was administered but when its effects wore off, cortisol concentrations increased and thereafter were similar to those in the dehorned animals. The combination of local anaesthesia and cautery resulted in a plasma cortisol response similar to those in control calves with or without local anaesthesia.
Conclusions If plasma cortisol concentrations reflect the distress being experienced by the calves, then local anaesthesia reduces the acute distress for about 3 h after dehorning but not during the subsequent 3 to 4 h. Combining local anaesthetic and cautery prevented the significant increase in plasma cortisol following dehorning and may eliminate the acute distress caused by scoop dehorning. 相似文献
Design A physiological study with controls.
Procedure There were six treatments: control handling with and without local anaesthesia, dehorning, dehorning after local anaesthesia, dehorning followed by wound cautery, and dehorning after local anaesthesia followed by wound cautery. Blood samples were taken before and after dehorning.
Results Dehorning caused an increase in plasma cortisol concentrations, which decreased a little to plateau values and then declined to pretreatment values 3 to 4 h after dehorning. The peak was smaller after local anaesthesia was administered but when its effects wore off, cortisol concentrations increased and thereafter were similar to those in the dehorned animals. The combination of local anaesthesia and cautery resulted in a plasma cortisol response similar to those in control calves with or without local anaesthesia.
Conclusions If plasma cortisol concentrations reflect the distress being experienced by the calves, then local anaesthesia reduces the acute distress for about 3 h after dehorning but not during the subsequent 3 to 4 h. Combining local anaesthetic and cautery prevented the significant increase in plasma cortisol following dehorning and may eliminate the acute distress caused by scoop dehorning. 相似文献
7.
RT NORRIS CL McDONALD RB RICHARDS MW HYDER SP GITTINS GJ NORMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(7):244-247
In the first of 2 experiments, a simulated voyage was conducted to examine the effects of various treatments on bodyweight change and feeding frequency of inappetant sheep at the end of lot-feeding (non-feeders). The treatments, applied during simulated shipping, were: normal quantities of feed and length of troughs; extra trough length; extra feed. Adult Merino wethers (n = 108) were used in each treatment. A voyage to the Middle East was then conducted to establish whether shipboard mortality could be reduced by separating non-feeders (n = 305) from feeders (n = 5,620) late in the feedlot hase and housing the groups separately aboard ship. A control group of non-feeders (n = 215) mixed with feeders (n = 5,732) was used for comparison. Bars (marker bars), containing a coloured dye, were attached to feed troughs to mark sheep that fed. Most non-feeders (82%) began eating when placed in shipping pens in both studies. However, there was no significant difference in percentage of sheep that fed between non-feeders given extra trough length or extra feed compared with non-feeders given standard management at any stage of simulated shipping. There was no significant difference in mean bodyweights between treatment groups on days 1, 8 and 15 of simulated shipping. Differences in bodyweight on d 22 were probably associated with different levels of gut fill. Death rates were not significantly different in separated and control groups (1.1%, 0.9%, P = 0.6) in the voyage of 14 d to the Middle East.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
8.
JI Yun HJ Park MH Park MS Kim JH Choi E Lee SP Gong JM Lim ST Lee 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):705-710
Recently, isolation and in vitro culture of putative spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the domestic cat have been conducted. However, the cellular niche conditions that facilitate the establishment and long‐term maintenance of feline SSCs (FSSCs) have not been described. Therefore, we investigated the type of feeder cells used to stimulate colony formation and growth of FSSCs among the various factors in the FSSC niche. Spermatogonial stem cells isolated from feline testes were cultured on mitotically inactivated testicular stromal cells (TSCs) derived from cats, dogs and mice, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The formation and growth of colonies derived from SSCs cultured on each type of feeder cell were identified at passage 0, and the morphology, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes in surviving colonies were investigated at passage 4. Among these diverse feeder cells, TSCs from cat showed the greatest colony formation, growth and maintenance of FSSCs, and SSC colonies cultured by passage 4 showed a typical dome‐shaped morphology, AP activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2 and CD9). Accordingly, these results demonstrate that feline TSCs could be used as feeder cells to support the establishment and maintenance of SSCs from domestic cats. 相似文献
9.
Yields of ‘Topaz’ mandarin, a self-incompatible local selection of ‘Ortanique’, were substantially increased by spraying with 20 p.p.m. gibberellin or by girdling at blossom time. The number of seeds increased with decreasing distance from ‘Minneola’ pollinizers, while fruit size and yields were not clearly affected. 相似文献
10.
Marcelo A. Araújo Maurício Deschk Juliana T. Wagatsuma Beatriz P. Floriano Carlos E. Siqueira Valéria NLS. Oliva Paulo SP. Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):854-864