用呋喃丹防治蝼蛄试验

通过采用呋喃丹每床 (2 0m2 )施用 0、10 0、2 0 0、4 0 0g防治蝼蛄的试验 ,第一天防治效果达 79.7% ,第三天平均蝼蛄死亡 2 .3头·m-2 ,第四天很少发现死亡虫尸。试验表明 :每床施用 10 0g即可达到较好的防治效果 ;呋喃丹防治地下害虫对苗木不产生药害。     

Further observations of almond stem pitting 1

Two disorders of almond, know as 'stem pitting’and‘graft union necrosis (black line)', were described years ago from Puglia (southern Italy). The etiology of these diseases was uncertain, the causal agent unknown and reliable diagnostic methods were not available. Investigations were therefore carried out to identify Prunus species and/or cultivars as possible indicators for a quick and reliable diagnosis. In 1990, two different almond sources (cv. Filippo Ceo) affected by black line and stem pitting were budded onto seedlings of P. persica, P. cerasifera, P. amygdalus cv. Don Carlo, GF305, self-rooted cuttings of GF677 (P. persica×P. amygdalus) and onto Don Carlo and GF305 seedlings that had been already grafted with almond cvs Genco, Tuono and Filippo Ceo. At least two inoculated plants were inspected each year for the presence of symptoms on the woody cylinder after removal of the cortex. Stem pitting developed on P. persica and P. cerasifera seedlings during the first year after graft inoculation. On the grafted plants that had been inoculated, pitting and grooving of the wood were much more pronounced in cvs Filippo Ceo and Genco, with a higher incidence when GF305 was used as rootstock. Clear symptoms were observed (from the first year in cvs Tuono and Genco), regardless of the rootstock, all along the junction line and often not associated with pitting of the rootstock and scion.     

Effect of EGFP gene transfection on the cell cycle distribution of primary cultured human chondrocytes

AIM: To investigate the effect of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene transfection on the cell cycle distribution of primary cultured human chondrocytes in order to establish a tracking method of cultured human nasoseptal chondrocytes. METHODS: pEGFP-N1 plasmid was amplified in E.coli, and purified by high purity kit. Primary cultured human chondrocytes,which were initially obtained from the nasoseptal cartilage, were cultured in vitro and transferred with pEGFP-N1 by means of electroporation with Amaxa nucleofector device. Transfering process and transient expression were evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), the transfer efficiency and the cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: There was significant expression of EGFP at 24 h after transferring. The transfection efficiency of pEGFP-N1 into primary cultured human chondrocytes reached 35.37％ at 48 h. It didn't affect the process of cell adherance and had no effect on the cell cycle distribution. CONCLUSION: Primary cultured human chondrocytes, which were transfected with pEGFP, are alive in vitro, and the transferring process doesn't affect the cell cycle distribution. These results suggest that pEGFP-N1 is an ideal transient expression vector for primary cultured human chondrocytes and it might be a well tracer in construction tissue engineered cartilage.     

Roles of the Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 potassium channels in hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction

AIM: To determine the role of Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 in the hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normoxic group and hypoxic group. The single smooth muscle cell was obtained from pulmonary artery of Wistar rats with acute enzymatic digestion method. The conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the resting membrane potential (Em) and the potassium currents of voltage-gated potassium channel (IKv) in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Intracellular application of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies (1∶125) was conducted through the whole-cell patch clamp system. RESULTS: ① Em of PASMC was depolarized after 24 h hypoxia compared with that of control cells . IKv of PASMC was decreased after 24 h hypoxia, . ② The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies depolarized Em and inhibited IKv in PASMC from normoxic rat, whereas the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on them. ③ The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies and the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on IKv and Em from rats hypoxic for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 might be oxygen sensitive potassium channels which mediated HPV.     

人工改造野生大豆GsDREB2基因对植物耐盐和耐渗透胁迫能力的影响

DREB (dehydration responsive element binding protein)转录因子是一个干旱应答元件的结合蛋白,它能特异结合启动子中含有DRE/CRT顺式元件,激活逆境诱导基因的表达,调控植物对干旱、低温、高盐、高温等胁迫的耐逆性。大量研究表明DREB转录因子在信号传导、作用机理及基因表达方面存在复杂性。为了野生大豆来源GsDREB2基因能更有效地发挥功能,人工突变该基因的负向调节结构域(negative regulatory domain, NRD,140~204),经改造命名为GsDREB2-mNRD。在酵母中比较全长基因(FLDREB2)和GsDREB2-mNRD转录激活和与DRE元件结合的能力,并验证GsDREB2-mNRD核定位情况。分别将FLDREB2和GsDREB2-mNRD转化拟南芥,通过拟南芥幼苗期盐胁迫和渗透胁迫试验,比较GsDREB2-mNRD和FLDREB2在提高植物耐盐和渗透胁迫方面的差异。结果表明,GsDREB2基因内部存在着负向调节结构域(NRD),抑制了GsDREB2转录激活功能和DRE元件结合的特性;经改造的GsDREB2基因依然能定位在细胞核;超量表达GsDREB2-mNRD基因的拟南芥耐盐和渗透胁迫能力明显强于非转基因对照,也高于FLDREB2基因超表达的拟南芥;野生大豆来源的GsDREB2基因NRD结构域的缺失可增强该基因在植物耐盐、渗透胁迫等逆境胁迫下的功能。     

蒋卫杰博士：聚焦生产一线（一） 莘县设施厚皮甜瓜实用种植技术

莘县瓜农在长期的甜瓜实际生产中，通过不断摸索和完善种植技术，促进了甜瓜种植
水平和产量的不断提高，实现了甜瓜产业的持续发展。本文技术内容来自于莘县瓜农生产第
一线的甜瓜栽培经验，具有较强的可操作性。这些第一手的实践经验对于提升其他地区的
甜瓜生产水平也具有一定的参考价值。     

松茸浓缩口服液制备过程中醇溶性物质的提取研究

本实验是松茸口服液制备醇溶性物质提取部分。将超声波辅助水提取和弱碱盐溶液提取后的残渣用乙醇溶液提取,以多酚和三萜的总提取率为检测指标,对提取的条件进行了探讨。研究表明,提取的最优工艺为乙醇浓度80%,提取时间30 min,提取温度70℃,在此条件下多酚和三萜的得率分别为1.16 mg/100g和0.23 g/100g。     

防护条件下梭梭幼苗生长及养分吸收特性

以新疆古尔班通古特沙漠南缘管件防护与传统移栽2种方式移栽的梭梭幼苗为实验材料,通过野外监测与室内分析,探讨了管件防护条件下梭梭幼苗的生长及养分吸收特性。结果表明:整个生育期内,管件防护梭梭幼苗的各生长指标与传统移栽苗相比,增幅最大的为茎粗,其次为株高。年周期内管件防护梭梭幼苗的生物量呈递增趋势,单株生物量累积可达45.25 g·株~(-1);净增加27.10 g·株~(-1),是传统移栽苗的1.38倍(P0.05)。管件防护梭梭幼苗体内的氮素、磷素、钾素含量呈先升高后降低趋势,在同化枝生长期达到峰值,分别为11.376 g·kg~(-1)、1.066 g·kg~(-1)和23.340 g·kg~(-1),较传统移栽苗高24%、15%和8%,差异显著;而其梭梭幼苗氮素、磷素、钾素的总积累量却呈递增趋势,年净增积累量分别为0.297 g·株~(-1)、0.027 g·株~(-1)和0.560 g·株~(-1),是传统移栽苗的2.23倍、1.72倍和1.65倍;各时期梭梭幼苗体内的氮素、磷素、钾素含量及总积累量均高于传统移栽苗。     

早熟禾新品种农菁15的选育

为选育高产优质饲用和坪用草品种,将早熟禾优异风干种子经50Gy60 Co-γ射线辐射处理后,通过田间系统选择,结合生物产量、返青率、营养品质、抗病性及坪用性能等指标的检测,选育出农菁15早熟禾;该品种抗寒、耐盐碱、抗病性强、适应性广、饲用价值较高;与对照优异相比,具有青绿期长、草产量高、种子产量高等优点;在黑龙江高寒地区平均干草产量达3 832.6kg·hm-2,成熟期平均种子产量达510.2kg·hm-2;适宜在黑龙江全省推广种植。