沼肥对苹果生物性状的试验初报

笔者对苹果施用沼肥后的生物性状进行了长达4a的对比试验研究，采取对比设计法，在叶、枝、花、果等器官的相关指标取得了极为明显的效果，在果业生产上有极好的推广价值。     

牦牛不同年龄段的屠宰测定

通过对天然放牧条件下0.5～5.5岁各个年龄段牦牛的屠宰测定,得到最好的屠宰指标为:2.5岁时屠宰率为59.14%;3.5岁时净肉率为41.5%,胴体产肉率为76.35%,骨肉比为1∶3.77。     

Effects of Taoren Honghua Jian on the hyperlipidemia without symptom

AIM: To examine the effect of traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua(semen persicae-flos carthami) decoction, on hyperlipidemia without symptom. METHODS: The plasma TC, TG, LDL, HDL, apolipoprotein(Apo) A, Apo Bof the patients with hyperlipidemia without symptom were measured using automatic analyzer (shimadiu CL-7200), the production of nitric oxide(NO) was detected by Greiss reaction, and SODactivity and MDAformation were examined using o-trihydroxy benzene and barbituric methotheds, respectively. RESULTS: After oral administration of Taoren Honghua decoction, the plasma levels of TC, TG, LDL, and MDAof the patients were markedly decreased, however, the plasma levels of ApoA, HDL, SODand NOwere significantly increased and almost no change was detected in the plasma level of Apo B. In control group, it was found that although the plasma level of TC, TG and LDL were decreased ( P<0.05 ) and ApoAas well as HDLwere increased, ApoB, SOD, MDA and NO production were all unchanged. CONCLUSION: The traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua decoction,has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with hyperlipidemia by removing blood stasis, promoting qi circulation and in turn reducing blood lipid level.     

Radioligand binding assay of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney during ischemic and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the change of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney with acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. METHODS: 15 Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into control group, ischemic-reperfusion group(IR group). IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radioligand binging assay(BAD). RESULTS: The level of serum glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in 2 groups, but in IR group the value increased much more higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05). Plasma insulin of IR group was significantly higher than that in control after 2 h reperfusion(P＜0.05). Scatchard analysis of data resulted in curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed for a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax₁(high affinity site), Bmax₂(low affinity site) and Kd₁, Kd₂ were significantly lower than that of control (P＜0.05) after 2 h perfusion. 48 h after IR there was no difference of Bmax₁, Bmax₂, and Kd₁ between 2 groups,but Kd₂ of IR group was higher than that of control (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases in the progress of the renal ischemic-reperfusion. The resulting high serum glucose may aggravate renal injury in the progress of ischemic-reperfusion.     

细胞松弛素B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响

目的　探讨细胞松弛素 B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响。方法　常规超排 KM小鼠获卵母细胞 ,将有明显第一极体的卵母细胞放入含有 5× 10 - 3、1× 10 - 2 、2× 10 - 2 g/ L CB的成熟培养液中孵育 15 min,采用盲吸法去核 ,去核后的卵母细胞放入含 5× 10 - 3g/ L Hoechst33342的成熟培养液中染色 15 min,在荧光显微镜下检查去核的效率。结果　 CB组去核率可达 88.2 % ,而对照组去核成功率仅达 2 9.7% ,两者的去核效果统计学上有显著差异 ;同时 CB的浓度过高会影响去核的效果 ,使卵母细胞的破溃率升高。结论　 CB有利于去核 ,同时卵胞膜可以借助磷脂双层的游动性而很快得到修复 ;高浓度的 CB对卵胞膜作用过于强烈 ,细胞骨架严重破坏 ,磷脂双层结构的弹性和粘性减弱 ,修复能力降低 ,影响胚胎的构建。     

SSR和ISSR标记及其在牧草遗传与育种研究中的应用前景

SSR和ISSR的高突变率、丰富的多态性以及在基因组中的广泛性,使其成为了居群遗传学研究、种质资源鉴定、亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱构建和分子标记辅助选择的重要手段.概述了SSR和ISSR在植物基因组中的分布、结构和遗传方式,并对其研究方法和应用前景进行扼要阐述,旨在为从事牧草遗传育种研究的工作者提供有益的帮助.     

黄茶感官闷黄程度标定及不同闷黄程度莫干黄芽香气组分研究

本实验通过控制不同的闷黄时间获得不同闷黄程度的黄茶样品25个,通过感官审评的方法对黄茶的闷黄度(0-10)进行标定。通过感官审评并结合闷黄度标定选取五个闷黄程度不同的莫干黄芽样品。利用可控温的同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)提取香气物质,并结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术进行香气组分及特征的比较。研究在五个莫干黄芽中共鉴定得出127种挥发性成分,闷黄程度较高的黄茶,其香气物质含量也相对较高。基于香气分组进行主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA),探寻与闷黄程度相关的香气组分,发现闷黄程度与芳樟醇、苯乙醇、茉莉酮、苯甲醇、茉莉内酯、柠檬烯、紫罗兰酮、苯乙烯等34种香气物质与闷黄程度相关性较高。     

凹凸棒石抗菌材料对湖羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

试验旨通过在湖羊全混合颗粒料中添加凹凸棒石抗菌材料,探究其对湖羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取48只平均体重(15～20)kg、日龄(60～70日龄)的健康湖羊,公母各半,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复4只羊。对照组饲喂全混合配方颗粒料,试验组在此基础颗粒料中添加凹凸棒石抗菌材料,饲喂80 d,试验最后一天进行屠宰,检测湖羊的生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质。结果:试验组总增重和日增重均高于对照组(P>0.05);料重比差异不显著(P>0.05);各屠宰性能指标两组之间均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组屠宰24 h所测pH值和肉色红度值显著低于对照组(P<0.05),滴水损失率、熟肉率和剪切力与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:饲粮中添加凹凸棒石抗菌材料有提高湖羊的生长性能和屠宰性能的趋势,可以改善肉品质。