An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of roasting whole soybean in the local level on their chemical composition,
nitrogen fractions, in situ degradability, and feeding performance in crossbred (Karan Swiss and Karan Fries) dairy cows.
Twelve lactating crossbred cattle (369.08 ± 17.53 kg body weight) were randomly divided into two groups on the basis of milk
yield (10.18 kg/day) and day of calving (89 days) in a randomized block design. Cows were fed green maize fodder and concentrate
mixtures with 1 kg raw soybean as fed basis (7.6% of total diet) in the control group, where as roasted soybean replaced raw
soybean in the treatment group to make both diets isonitrogenous and isocaloric. The roughage to concentrate ratio was around
55:45 in both diets. The cows were housed in individual byres and fed experimental diet for 90 days. The total dry matter
intake per animal in both groups was similar. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract,
and neutral detergent fiber was comparable in both groups. The average milk production and fat-corrected milk yield per day
was similar during the trial. Milk fat, milk protein, and solids not fat content remained unaffected and similar in both groups.
All the animals maintained their body weight in both groups. Thus, rumen bypassing of protein fractions at the present method
of bypassing did not have the desired level of beneficial effect in medium producing crossbred cows. 相似文献
The deficiency of micronutrients, particularly zinc (Zn) and boron (B) has affected vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet orange in many citrus growing areas of Pakistan. The present study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 to determine the impact of Zn and B supplementation on growth and quality of sweet orange cv. ‘Blood red’. Pre-harvest foliar application of variant Zn and B levels was done at different phenological stages of fruit growth and development, i.e., full bloom, fruit set and premature stage. Results have concluded that pre-harvest foliar application of Zn and B augmented phosphorous, Zn, B, potassium, iron, and manganese contents in leaves, particularly Zn and B content from deficient to optimal level. Moreover, the combined application of Zn and B has also significantly enhanced vegetative characters such as tree height and spread along with reproductive characters, i.e., incremented numbers of fruit, fruit weight, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid contents. However, among stage comparison, outcomes depicted that foliar application of Zn and B at full bloom?+?fruit set?+?premature stage resulted in maximum production with high quality fruits.
The deployment of electronic data storage tags that are surgically implanted or satellite-linked provides marine researchers with new ways to examine the movements, environmental preferences, and physiology of pelagic vertebrates. We report the results obtained from tagging of Atlantic bluefin tuna with implantable archival and pop-up satellite archival tags. The electronic tagging data provide insights into the seasonal movements and environmental preferences of this species. Bluefin tuna dive to depths of >1000 meters and maintain a warm body temperature. Western-tagged bluefin tuna make trans-Atlantic migrations and they frequent spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico and eastern Mediterranean. These data are critical for the future management and conservation of bluefin tuna in the Atlantic. 相似文献