一类非线性klein－Gorden方程与热传导方程耦合组的Cauchy问题的整体经典解的存在唯一性

本文讨论非线性ｋｌｅｉｎ－Ｇｏｒｄｅｎ方程与非线性热传导方程耦合组的Ｃａｕｃｈｙ问题，对初值和空间维数及非线项加以适当的限制，利用能量估计和衰减估计相结合的方法，在Ｓｏｂｏｌｅｖ空间框架下，得到了整体经典解的存在唯一性     

Ancient genetic bottleneck and Plio-Pleistocene climatic changes imprinted the phylobiogeography of European Black Pine populations

The historical changes in European Black Pine population size across the whole natural distribution in Europe and Asia Minor were analyzed facing the Plio-Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. Thirteen chloroplast SSRs and SNPs markers have been studied under the assumptions of “neutral evolution.” Populations and meta-populations had different histories of migration routes, and they were strongly affected by complex patterns of isolation, fragmentation, speciation, expansion (1.88–4.28 Ma), purification selection (2.09–21.41 Ma) and bottleneck (1.85–21.76 Ma). A significant number of populations (min. 29–41%) were in equilibrium for very long periods. Generally, the bottleneck revealed by chloroplast DNA is weaker than the bottleneck revealed by nuclear DNA. The N _e immediately after the bottleneck reaches between 1820 and 3640 individuals. Generally, the historical effective population sizes shrink significantly for the Tertiary period from 10–15 up to 2.5 Ma in Western Europe (by 82%), followed by Asia Minor (69%) and the Balkan Peninsula (28%), likely resulting from important climatic changes. The rates and frequencies of stepwise westwards migration waves have been not sufficient to prevent isolation between the meta-populations and to suppress “sympatric speciation.” The migration was weak for the Pliocene, but was maximal for the Pleistocene, and finally silent for the present interglacial period, namely the Holocene.     

Structural proteins of classic and variant strains of infectious bursal disease viruses.

Structural polypeptides of six tissue-culture-origin (BGM-70 continuous cell line) infectious bursal disease viruses representing classic and variant strains of serotype 1 and one serotype 2 strain were analyzed and compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Additionally, two of the variant strains were propagated in vivo in bursa of Fabricius and compared with those grown in cell culture. Differences among the structural proteins of serotype 1 viruses were minor and probably of no value in differentiating these viruses. However, distinct differences were observed between serotype 1 and 2 viruses. The bursa-derived viruses were different from those propagated in cell culture in molecular weights and in proportions of the proteins. The bursa-derived strains had protein migration patterns similar to those described for tissue-culture-incomplete virus particles.     

Comparison of pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR and biochemical tests to characterize Lactococcus garvieae

Biochemical test, pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence PCR (ERIC‐PCR) were used to compare 42 strains of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from different regions of Turkey, Italy, France and Spain. Twenty biotypes of L. garvieae were formed based on 54 biochemical tests. ERIC‐PCR of genomic DNA from different L. garvieae strains resulted in amplification of multiple fragments of DNA in sizes ranging between 200 and 5000 bp with various band intensities. After cutting DNA with ApaI restriction enzyme and running on the PFGE, 11–22 resolvable bands ranging from 2 to 194 kb were observed. Turkish isolates were grouped into two clusters, and only A58 (Italy) strain was connected with Turkish isolates. Similarities between Turkish, Spanish, Italian and French isolates were <50% except 216‐6 Rize strain. In Turkey, first lactococcosis occurred in Mugla, and then, it has been spread all over the country. Based on ERIC‐PCR, Spanish and Italian strains of L. garvieae were related to Mugla strains. Therefore, after comparing PFGE profiles, ERIC‐PCR profiles and phenotypic characteristics of 42 strains of L. garvieae, there were no relationships found between these three typing methods. PFGE method was more discriminative than the other methods.