Immunogenicity and haemagglutination of recombinant Avibacterium paragallinarum HagA

Inactivated vaccines of Avibacterium paragallinarum provide protection and reduce the economic losses caused by infectious coryza. However, inactivated bacterins provide protection only against the Page serovars included in the vaccine. In this study, we investigated the immunological properties of a functional recombinant haemagglutinin protein (rHagA) derived from a Taiwan isolate strain A9 as the immunogen for vaccination. The rHagA subunit vaccine protected 71% of immunized chickens against 10(10) colony-forming units (CFU) of viable A9. Vaccinated chickens which showed no clinical signs of coryza developed haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers of 1:10 or greater. Haemagglutination (HA) of serovars A and C was not affected by the presence of rHagA specific antiserum. The HA of rHagA could only be induced against formaldehyde-fixed chicken red blood cells (FA-RBCs). These results suggested that HagA is a moderate immunogen and might not be a major haemagglutinin in vivo. However, HagA might be involved in haemagglutination when treated serovar C aggregates fixed RBCs in vitro.     

Beware of changes: Conservation of Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphins in disturbed habitats

1. Protecting critical habitats of the Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin, Sousa chinensis, is a hot topic of discussion for marine biodiversity conservation in China and many Southeast Asian countries. In practice, sound habitat protection action (HPA) planning often suffers from information gaps in macroscopic habitat configurations and changes in the habitat conditions of humpback dolphins.
2. Recent publications in the journal Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (AQC) have served to advance humpback dolphin conservation in Chinese waters by resolving such habitat configurations and indicating significant changes in distribution patterns and habitat characteristics under intense coastal anthropogenic activity.
3. We highlight an integrative research framework to investigate habitat configuration and long‐term habitat changes when planning a holistic HPA programme for humpback dolphins. When constructing habitat configuration baselines, field surveys should be designed and conducted in a systematic manner to ensure survey efforts cover diverse environments equally, in either a spatially stratified or gridded pattern, to minimize potential spatial sampling biases. Long‐term habitat changes can be revealed by comparing satellite images from different decades. Changes in habitat preferences and habitat characteristics can be explored through questionnaire surveys on local ecological knowledge, associating historical occurrences with coastline features and projecting historical habitat configuration by species distribution modelling exercises.
4. A lack of good communication and sharing of information between research and management sectors can still be an obstacle to the implementation of sound conservation practices, however, even though there is robust scientific evidence to fill knowledge gaps in distribution and habitat baselines. We have addressed the need to establish a mechanism to improve and streamline information sharing between research teams, management sectors, and stakeholder groups.

     

Nine-month evaluation of dogs after open-heart surgical removal of heartworms

Adult heartworms were surgically removed from 4 infected dogs by use of intracardiac techniques during cardiopulmonary bypass. The number of worms removed ranged from 12 to 14 per dog. Observation for 9 months after surgery gave no clinical evidence of active adult heartworm infection, in spite of the consistent finding of circulating microfilariae during the follow-up period. There were no significant early or late postoperative complications. Results of postoperative hematologic and biochemical studies were unremarkable. At necropsy (following euthanasia, 9 months after surgery) the heart and pulmonary arteries of all dogs were free of adult heartworms; pathologic changes attributable to residual infection were not found.     

Habitat configuration for an obligate shallow‐water delphinid: The Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin,Sousa chinensis,in the Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tonkin)

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面向室内养殖场的机器人自主导航技术研究进展

介绍了视觉导航、激光导航、卫星导航和路标导航等机器人导航技术,分析了不同类型的机器人导航技术在特定应用场景下的导航精度、实时性、适应性。根据这些导航技术的特点,结合在梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司室内养殖场开展的导航技术试验结果,指出了在室内养殖场内应用单一导航技术存在的问题,并展望多种导航方法信息融合的导航技术在室内养殖场的应用前景,期望为突破机器人饲喂、运输、采摘关键技术,解决制约农业智能化、无人化发展难题提供思路。     

氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种对3种玉米地下害虫的防治效果

为明确氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理对玉米田地下害虫的防治效果,筛选出合适的田间用药剂量,通过室内盆栽接虫与田间接虫相结合综合评价了氯虫苯甲酰胺对玉米地下害虫沟金针虫、铜绿丽金龟以及小地老虎的综合防治效果。结果表明,盆栽播种后20 d,氯虫苯甲酰胺4 g/kg拌种处理对沟金针虫、铜绿丽金龟和小地老虎的盆栽防效分别为78.15%、80.26%和81.05%;田间播种后20 d,氯虫苯甲酰胺4 g/kg拌种对沟金针虫、铜绿丽金龟和小地老虎的田间接虫防效分别为83.87%、86.27%和88.37%;高剂量的氯虫苯甲酰胺对玉米田地下害虫的田间综合防效优于对照药剂吡虫啉和氟虫腈。氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种处理对玉米种子无不良影响,对出苗和生长有一定的促进作用,有明显的防虫增产作用,可推广应用于防治玉米田地下害虫。     

蓝莓种植环境自适应光照调控系统设计

针对蓝莓种植环境光照调节耗力和效率低的问题,研制了蓝莓种植环境的自适应光照系统。该系统包括下位机和上位机两部分,下位机以STM32单片机为核心,通过BH1750光照传感器检测光照强度,其检测范围能达到1～65 535 Lx,根据外界环境的光自适应地改变输出,并以PID算法调整输出PWM信号,从而驱动大功率LED照明器实现补光;上位机是运行在Labview平台中开发的监测软件,可实时显示光照强度值并进行相关数据统计和曲线描绘。试验证明,系统能满足长时间低功耗运行的要求,并对蓝莓的生长起到促进作用,可为其他作物的动态补光提供技术参考。      

Long‐term changes in the distribution and core habitat use of a coastal delphinid in response to anthropogenic coastal alterations

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面向采摘机器人的水果精准识别算法研究进展

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基于多尺度串联空洞卷积的轻量化UNet香蕉图像分割

针对香蕉果串识别系统中传统的UNet网络存在实时性差、参数量多、下采样后丢失空间信息等问题,该研究提出基于UNet模型的轻量化分割网络,构造一个轻量级的主干特征提取模块,在降低模型参数量和计算量的同时增强网络提取特征的能力,使用膨胀率为[2,1,2]锯齿波形的多尺度串联空洞卷积组合在增大感受野的同时保持对细节的敏感度。该研究算法在自建香蕉果串数据集上的试验结果表明,网络参数量为0.45 M时,香蕉果串识别分割速度可达41.0帧/s,平均像素分类准确率为97.32%、交并比为92.57%。相比于其他模型具有准确率高、参数量小等优点,能够较好地实现精度和速度的均衡。该算法对自然种植环境下的香蕉果串具有良好的识别效果,可为智能化香蕉采摘等应用提供视觉识别技术支持。