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1.
Mitsuyoshi Yatagai Madoka Nishimoto Keko Hori Tatsuro Ohira Akira Shibata 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(4):338-342
The termiticidal activity of wood vinegar, its components, and their homologues have been studied. Three kinds of wood vinegar made from the mixed chips ofCryptomeria japonlca andPseudotsga menziesii (wood vinegar A),Quercus serrata (wood vinegar B), andPinus densiflora (wood vinegar C) exhibited high termiticidal activities againstReticulitermes speratus. Acetic acid, which is the largest content of wood vinegar, exhibited high termiticidal acitivity. The contents of organic fraction of wood vinegars and acetic acid might be responsible for the differences in termiticidal activities among these wood vinegars. The structure and termiticidal activity relations of phenols were studied. Phenol with some substituents revealed higher termiticidal activity than benzene derivatives, which have no hydroxyl group; an ortho substituent of phenol plays an important role in termiticidal activity. It has become apparent that high termiticidal activity cannot be obtained by a phenolic hydroxyl group alone; it can be obtained, however, by some substituents, especially an ortho substituent in addition to a phenolic hydroxyl group. The bulkiness of the substituent at the ortho position participates in termiticidal activity; activity decreases as the size of an ortho substituent increases. It is thought that the interaction at the receptor site of termites is affected by the increased size of the ortho substituent. 相似文献
2.
Hirashima M Takahashi R Nishinari K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(10):2929-2933
The effects of citric acid on the rheological properties of cornstarch pastes were studied by steady shear and dynamic oscillatory viscoelasticity, intrinsic viscosity measurements and microscopic observation. The pH of cornstarch dispersion was adjusted between 6.0 and 3.0. The viscosity of the pastes was increased by lowering the pH (between 5.5 and 3.6), while the viscosity of samples with pH below 3.5 decreased further than that of the control (pH = 6.3). Citric acid promoted the collapse of starch granules; however, adding excessive citric acid led to the hydrolysis of glucose chains. No decrease in the viscoelasticity was observed for cornstarch pastes by adding acid at 25 degrees C after gelatinization. 相似文献
3.
Fisheries Science - To elucidate the dynamics of oxidative stress in fish, it is necessary to know the concentration of superoxide anions as a precursor to various reactive oxygen species in the... 相似文献
4.
The effects of l‐DOPA and sulpiride on growth hormone secretion at different injection times in Holstein steers 下载免费PDF全文
The effects of l ‐DOPA, a precursor of dopamine (DA), and sulpiride, a D2‐type DA receptor blocker, on growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion were investigated in steers. Eight Holstein steers (212.8 ± 7.8 kg body weight) were used. Lighting conditions were 12:12 L:D (lights on: 06.00–18.00 hours). Blood samplings were performed during the daytime (11.00–15.00 hours) and nighttime (23.00–03.00 hours). Intravenous injections of drugs or saline were performed at 12.00 hour for the daytime and 00.00 hour for the nighttime, respectively. Plasma GH and PRL concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. l ‐DOPA did not alter the GH secretion when it was injected at 12.00 hour (spontaneous GH level at its peak). On the other hand, l ‐DOPA increased GH secretion at 00.00 hour (GH level at its trough). Injection of sulpiride suppressed GH secretion at 12.00 hour but did not affect GH levels at 00.00 hour. l ‐DOPA inhibited and sulpiride stimulated PRL release during both periods. These results suggest that dopaminergic neurons have stimulatory action on GH secretion and inhibitory action on PRL secretion in cattle. In addition, injection time should be considered to evaluate the exact effects on GH secretion due to its ultradian rhythm of GH secretion in cattle. 相似文献
5.
Etsuko KASUYA Ken‐ichi YAYOU Tsutomu HASHIZUME Sayuki KITAGAWA Madoka SUTOH 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(3):345-351
To clarify the role of serotonin (5‐HT) in the regulatory mechanism of L‐tryptophan (TRP)‐induced growth hormone (GH) secretion in cattle, changes in 5‐HT concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the third ventricle (3V) and GH in plasma before and after the peripheral infusion of TRP were determined simultaneously. The direct effect of TRP on GH release from the dispersed anterior pituitary cells was also assessed. A chronic cannula was placed in 3V by stereotaxic surgery, then CSF and blood were withdrawn under physiological conditions. TRP (38.5 mg/kg BW) was infused through an intravenous catheter from 12.00 to 14.00 hours and CSF and blood sampling were performed from 11.00 to 18.00 hours at 1‐h intervals. The concentration of 5‐HT in CSF was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. GH, melatonin (MEL), and cortisol (CORT) concentrations were measured by radio‐immunoassay and enzyme‐immunoassay. Concentrations of 5‐HT were increased by TRP infusion. The TRP infusion significantly increased GH release. On the other hand, TRP did not stimulate GH release from the bovine pituitary cells. MEL and CORT concentrations were not altered by TRP infusion. These results suggest that TRP induced GH release via the activation of serotonergic neurons in cattle. 相似文献
6.
Ikawa K Aoki M Ichikawa M Itagaki T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(10):1359-1361
In the present study, we tried to detect DNA for ribosomal RNA genes of piroplasma parasites from the liver or blood of 43 Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) in Iwate Prefecture of Japan by polymerase chain reaction. Approximately 500-bp amplicons were obtained in 35 (81.4%) of the 43 samples by amplification for V4 hyper-variable regions of the 18S rRNA gene, and the amplicons were considered to be DNA of Theileria species. The complete nucleotide sequences (1,700 or 1709 bp) of the 18S rRNA gene were determined in 20 samples and were divided into 5 genotypes that were phylogenetically separated into two different lineages showing a polyphyletic relation. The Theileria DNAs of the two different lineages were considered to be those of distinct species. 相似文献
7.
Partial characterization of phylogeny,ecology and function of the fibrolytic bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens OS14, newly isolated from the rumen of swamp buffalo 下载免费PDF全文
Phoompong Boonsaen Madoka Kinjo Suriya Sawanon Yutaka Suzuki Satoshi Koike Yasuo Kobayashi 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(2):377-385
The fibrolytic rumen bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciensOS14 was isolated from swamp buffalo and its phylogenetic, ecological and digestive properties were partially characterized. Isolates from rumen contents of four swamp buffalo were screened for fibrolytic bacteria; one of the 40 isolates showed a distinctive feature of solubilizing cellulose powder in liquid culture and was identified as R. flavefaciens based on its 16S ribosomal DNA sequence. This isolate, OS14, was employed for detection and digestion studies, for which a quantitative PCR assay was developed and defined cultures were tested with representative forages in Thailand. OS14 was phylogenetically distant from other isolated and uncultured R. flavefaciens and showed limited distribution among Thai ruminants but was absent in Japanese cattle. OS14 digested rice straw and other tropical forage to a greater extent than the type strain C94 of R. flavefaciens. OS14 produced more lactate than C94, and digested para grass to produce propionate more extensively in co‐culture with lactate‐utilizing Selenomonas ruminantium S137 than a co‐culture of C94 with S137. These results indicate that phylogenetically distinct OS14 could digest Thai local forage more efficiently than the type strain, possibly forming a symbiotic cross‐feeding relationship with lactate‐utilizing bacteria. This strain might be useful for future animal and other industrial applications. 相似文献
8.
Yosuke Iimura Madoka Yoshizumi Tomonori Sonoki Mikiko Uesugi Kenji Tatsumi Ken-ichi Horiuchi Shinya Kajita Yoshihiro Katayama 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(6):541-544
To assess the possible utility of a fungal gene for manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) produced by a transgenic plant in
phytoremediation, we transformed hybrid aspen with a chimeric gene for MnP. Our gene construct allowed expression of the gene
for MnP in plants and relatively high MnP activity was detected in the hydroponic medium in which roots of plants that expressed
the transgene had been cultured. Some of our transgenic plants were able to remove bisphenol A from the medium more efficiently
than wild-type plants. Our results demonstrate that, without any modification of the coding sequence, a chimeric gene for
fungal MnP can be expressed in a woody plant, with secretion of active MnP from roots into the rhizosphere. Our strategy suggests
new options using woody plants for phytoremediation. 相似文献
9.
Effect of melatonin injected into the third ventricle on growth hormone secretion in Holstein steers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kasuya E Kushibiki S Sutoh M Saito T Ito S Yayou K Sakumoto R Hodate K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(10):1075-1080
The effects of melatonin (MEL) injection into the third ventricle (3V) on growth hormone (GH) secretion were investigated in conscious Holstein steers. A stainless steel cannula was stereotaxically implanted in the 3V based on the ventriculogram. In Exp. 1, three doses of MEL (100, 300 or 600 microg) were injected into the 3V through the cannula and the GH concentration after the injection was determined. In Exp. 2, intracerebroventricular (icv) and intravenous (iv) injections of MEL (100 microg) and GH-releasing hormone (GHRH; 0.25 microg/kg body weight), respectively, were performed simultaneously to examine the effect of MEL on GHRH-induced GH release. The icv injection of MEL significantly stimulated GH release at 100 microg. The increase in GH concentrations by 100 microg of MEL was persistent. Intravenous injection of GHRH dramatically increased GH release. The injection of MEL did not alter GHRH-induced GH release. These results suggest that MEL stimulates GH secretion possibly through the hypothalamus in cattle. 相似文献
10.
Keisuke Nagai Takeshi Kuroha Madoka Ayano Yusuke Kurokawa Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim Jung-Hyun Shim Hideshi Yasui Atsushi Yoshimura Motoyuki Ashikari 《Breeding Science》2012,62(2):178-185
Deepwater rice possesses internode elongation ability to avoid drowning under deepwater conditions. Previous studies identified three QTLs regulating internode elongation ability on chromosomes 1, 3 and 12 using different populations. However, these QTLs only induce internode elongation in response to deepwater conditions from the 7-leaf stage and not during the early leaf stage. In this study, we detected two novel QTLs, qTIL2 and qTIL4 regulating deepwater response at the early leaf stage using an F2 population derived from the cross between NIL1-3-12 carrying the three QTLs regulating deepwater response in T65 (O. sativa ssp. japonica) genetic background and C9285 (O. sativa ssp. indica, deepwater rice). Plants of the BC2F2 population derived from NIL1-3-12/C9285 and the RILs of T65/Bhadua (O. sativa ssp. indica, deepwater rice) possessing these QTLs as well as the three QTLs previously identified also showed internode elongation during the early leaf stage. These results indicate that qTIL2 and qTIL4 regulate early internode elongation and function in coordination with the three major QTLs under deepwater conditions. The results presented here would not only help define the mechanism of deepwater response in rice but also contribute in the breeding of deepwater tolerant rice that is adapted to various water depths. 相似文献