鹿肚耳与3种木耳的营养价值评价

综述皱木耳Auricularia delicata新品种"鹿肚耳"的形态特征和食用特点,测定其与黑木耳、毛木耳、毛木耳白色变种"玉木耳"人工栽培子实体的基本营养成分、矿质元素含量和氨基酸组成,评价其营养价值。结果表明:鹿肚耳热量235 kJ/100g、蛋白质7.21 g/100g、脂肪1.5 g/100g、碳水化合物48.4 g/100g、总膳食纤维29.3g/100g,含有5种常量元素、5种必需微量元素,其中,硒元素含量是黑木耳的4.6倍;含有人体所需的8种必需氨基酸,氨基酸化学评分(CS)和氨基酸评分(ASS)分别为12和18.86,色氨酸为其限制性氨基酸;蛋白质综合评价低于其他3种木耳。     

Expression of Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor Isoform 3 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Showing High Antimicrobial Activity

Antimicrobial peptides are a class of proteins with antibacterial functions. In this study, the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 gene (ALFPm3), encoding an antimicrobial peptide from Penaeus monodon with a super activity was expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which would develop a microalga strain that can be used for the antimicrobial peptide production. To construct the expression cluster, namely pH2A-Pm3, the codon optimized ALFPm3 gene was fused with the ble reporter by 2A peptide and inserted into pH124 vector. The glass-bead method was performed to transform pH2A-Pm3 into C. reinhardtii CC-849. In addition to 8 μg/mL zeocin resistance selection, the C. reinhardtii transformants were further confirmed by genomic PCR and RT-PCR. Western blot analysis showed that the C. reinhardtii-derived ALFPm3 (cALFPm3) was successfully expressed in C. reinhardtii transformants and accounted for 0.35% of the total soluble protein (TSP). Furthermore, the results of antibacterial assay revealed that the cALFPm3 could significantly inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria, including both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria at a concentration of 0.77 μM. Especially, the inhibition could last longer than 24 h, which performed better than ampicillin. Hence, this study successfully developed a transgenic C. reinhardtii strain, which can produce the active ALFPm3 driven from P. monodon, providing a potential strategy to use C. reinhardtii as the cell factory to produce antimicrobial peptides.     

茶树叶部害虫——茶橙瘿螨

茶橙瘿螨是茶树上一种常见害螨,以成螨、幼螨和若螨刺吸茶树汁液为害茶树,减弱树势,对茶叶产量和品质产生影响。文章介绍了茶橙瘿螨的分布与为害、形态特征、发生规律和防治措施,以期为生产上该害虫的正确识别和有效防治提供参考。     

废旧木质柜类家具回收复用的设计及工艺方法

为解决废旧木柜类家具回收、转化再利用的问题，将现行的方法归纳为修饰法、增减法、重组法，分析了本 体翻新设计、本体拆解设计、部件组合设计、零部件设计等回收复用工艺的特点及应用案例，为实现废旧木家具的 经济价值转化和提升、有效利用木材资源提供参考。     

连续施用有机肥对黄瓜体内Zn的积累及其在亚细胞分布的影响

以黄瓜品种'津优35号'为试材,采用田间随机区组试验设计,研究了不同用量(0、15、30、45 t·hm-2和60 t·hm-2)鸡粪源有机肥中Zn在土壤中的积累,以及Zn在黄瓜体内的吸收转运及其在亚细胞各组分中的分布情况,以期为指导黄瓜的安全生产以及鸡粪有机肥合理施用提供参考依据.结果 表明:低用量鸡粪有机肥施用就能显著提高土壤Zn含量(P＜0.05),土壤Zn含量最高为140.40 mg·kg-1,均未超出国家安全标准.施用60 t·hm-2鸡粪有机肥显著提高了黄瓜根部和果实Zn含量,黄瓜果实Zn含量变化范围为19.27～23.59 mg·kg-1,但Zn含量均未超过100 mg·kg-1,可以安全食用.无论鸡粪施用量的高低,Zn在黄瓜根、茎、叶和果实各亚细胞组分中均表现为可溶性组分＜细胞器(叶绿体和线粒体)＜细胞壁.60 t·hm-2鸡粪有机肥可以显著提高黄瓜根部细胞壁Zn含量,且根部细胞壁中Zn含量及所占比例随着鸡粪有机肥施用量的增加而增加.细胞壁中Zn在根中所占比例最高,达到了54.67％～58.77％.     

优质、高产转基因抗虫棉杂交种苏杂668的选育与栽培技术

本文概述了苏杂668的选育过程，阐明了苏杂668的特征特性、产量水平、纤维品质和抗性表现，并提出其高产栽培技术措施。     

Protective efficacy of an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine produced from Re-11, Re-12, and H7-Re2 strains against challenge with different H5 and H7 viruses in chickens

We developed an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine by using Re-11, Re-12, and H7-Re2 vaccine seed viruses, which were generated by reverse genetics and derived their HA genes from A/duck/Guizhou/S4184/2017(H5 N6)(DK/GZ/S4184/17)(a clade 2.3.4.4 d virus), A/chicken/Liaoning/SD007/2017(H5 N1)(CK/LN/SD007/17)(a clade 2.3.2.1 d virus), and A/chicken/Guangxi/SD098/2017(H7 N9)(CK/GX/SD098/17), respectively. The protective efficacy of this novel vaccine and that of the recently used H5/H7 bivalent inactivated vaccine against different H5 and H7 N9 viruses was evaluated in chickens. We found that the H5/H7 bivalent vaccine provided solid protection against the H7 N9 virus CK/GX/SD098/17, but only 50–60% protection against different H5 viruses. In contrast, the novel H5/H7 trivalent vaccine provided complete protection against the H5 and H7 viruses tested. Our study underscores the importance of timely updating of vaccines for avian influenza control.     

优质、低酚棉花新品种苏棉158的选育及其高产栽培技术

介绍了苏棉158的选育过程、特征特性、产量水平、纤维品质和抗病性、抗虫性及高产高效栽培技术。     

Spatio-temporal pattern evolution and spatial spillover effect of green development efficiency: Evidence from Shandong Province,China

Improving green development efficiency is urgently required, yet challenging, since it comprehensively reflects the bidirectional evolutionary relationship between regional development and resource and environmental consumption. The issue of regional green development efficiency has become a key topic; however, where the increase in efficiency originates and its spatial spillover effect remains unclear to date. Therefore, the spatial spillover effect of the green development efficiency of Shandong Province was quantified through the slack variable (SBM)-Undesirable and Spatial Durbin model. The green development efficiency showed clear spatial differentiation in Shandong Province. This was more obvious than the polarized development trend of the provincial capital circle that has Jinan at its core and the eastern coastal region with Qingdao at its core. Green development efficiency has a significant spatial spillover effect. The regression coefficient of the direct effect of the economic development level is positive. The regression coefficient of the indirect effect of the marketization level and government financial support level is negative. Science and technology played a positive role in the promotion of the green development efficiency of local and neighboring cities. This study contributes empirical evidence to the green development efficiency associated with regional development and resource and environment consumption of Shandong Province.     

施用锌肥和遮阴互作对花生生长发育、抗病性及产量的影响

采用大田裂区试验，研究了施用锌肥和不同遮阴程度互作对花生生长发育、抗病性及产量的影响。结果表明，与不施锌肥相比，施用锌肥能提高花生不同部位锌含量、增加叶片SPAD值，提高花生叶片中可溶性糖、蛋白质和生长素含量，减少花生病害的发生，平均降低7.1个百分点，花生产量平均增加19.4%。相同施锌水平下，随着遮阴程度的增加，花生不同部位锌的含量和不同生育期叶片SPAD值以及花生叶片中可溶性糖、蛋白质和生长素含量呈增加趋势，花生的发病率比不遮阴对照增加4.8、10.2个百分点，花生产量平均降低16.5%、10.0%。在30%、70%的遮阴条件下，施用锌肥的花生产量比不施锌的分别提高21.1%、25.0%。本试验条件下，施用七水硫酸锌30 kg/hm2，使花生具有较强的抗低温寡照能力及抗病性能，增产显著，可在花生产区推广应用。