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栽培罗汉果遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
罗汉果(Siraitiagrosvenorii)是单性、雌雄异株的葫芦科球根多年生植物,是特产于我国南部的重要经济植物。其果实是传统中药,果实中还含有一种低热量的天然甜味剂。我们从罗汉果的主产地广西永福县、临桂县和融安县采集了13份雄株和8个品种的62份雌株栽培罗汉果样品,用21个随机引物对这75份样品进行了RAPD分析。共得到130个位点,其中92个(70.77%)是多态性的。用POPGENE软件统计了主要品种及雄株的多态位点百分率和Shannon信息多样性指数;根据样品间的Dice相似性系数,分别对雌株和雄株做了主成分分析(PCA);用UPGMA法进行了单株聚类分析。结果表明主要栽培品种青皮果、红毛果和爆棚果的遗传多样性很低,它们的品种内样品间相似性系数平均值分别为0.961、0.945和0.966,Shannon信息多样性指数分别为0.0997、0.1014和0.0571,这种遗传多样性很低的现状是由于栽培罗汉果主要采用营养繁殖方法进行繁殖的结果。而茶山果和冬瓜果具有相对较高的遗传多样性,样品间相似性系数平均值分别为0.868和0.857,Shannon信息多样性指数分别为0.1876和0.1855。雄株遗传多样性较高,样品间相似性系数平均值为0.873,Shannon信息多样性指数为0.2135。有必要扩大栽培罗汉果的遗传基础。 相似文献
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Yuji Sumii Kentaro Kamiya Takehiko Nakamura Kenta Tanaka Takumi Kaji Junya Mukomura Naoyuki Kotoku Masayoshi Arai 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)
The current tuberculosis treatment regimen is long and complex, and its failure leads to relapse and emergence of drug resistance. One of the major reasons underlying the extended chemotherapeutic regimen is the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to attain a dormant state. Therefore, the identification of new lead compounds with chemical structures different from those of conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs is essential. The compound 3-(phenethylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine (PDOA, 1), isolated from marine sponge of Aaptos sp., is known as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance, and has been reported to be effective against the drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. However, its target protein still remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the structure–activity relationship of 1 using 15 synthetic analogues, in order to prepare a probe molecule for detecting the target protein of 1. We succeeded in creating the compound 15 with a photoaffinity group that retained antimicrobial activity, which proved to be a suitable probe molecule for identifying the target protein of 1. 相似文献
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Katsuki TANAKA Hikaru ADACHI Hironobu AKASAKA Junya TAMAOKI Yuji FUSE Makoto KOBAYASHI Takio KITAZAWA Hiroki TERAOKA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(7):1050
We reported the involvement of oxidative stress and prostaglandins including thromboxane and prostacyclin in pre-cardiac edema (early edema) caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). While the involvement of oxidative stress in TCDD-induced toxicity has been frequently reported, the mechanism of its action is still unclear. In the present study, oxidative stress inducers including paraquat, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and rotenone augmented early edema (edema) induced by a low concentration of TCDD (0.1 ppb) at 55 hr post fertilization (hpf), while each of them alone did not cause edema. Edema caused by TCDD plus oxidative stress inducers was almost abolished by antioxidants, an antagonist for thromboxane receptor (ICI-192,605) and an agonist for prostacyclin receptor (beraprost), suggesting that the site of action of these inducers was in the regular signaling pathway after activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 (AHR2) by TCDD. Oxidative stress inducers also enhanced edema caused by an agonist for the thromboxane receptor (U46619), and the enhancement was also inhibited by antioxidants. Sulforaphane and auranofin, activators of Nrf2 that is a master regulator of anti-oxidative response, did not affect U46619-evoked edema but almost abolished TCDD-induced edema and potentiation by paraquat in both TCDD- and U46619-induced edema. Taken together, the results suggest that oxidative stress augments pre-cardiac edema caused by TCDD via activation of thromboxane receptor-mediated signaling in developing zebrafish. As paraquat and other oxidative stress inducers used also are environmental pollutants, interaction between dioxin-like compounds and exogenous source of oxidative stress should also be considered. 相似文献
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The regulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II during oocyte activation in the rat
Increases in intracellular Ca2+ are required for oocyte activation and subsequent development. Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a crucial role in oocyte activation. However, how CaMKII is regulated during this process is not well characterized. We show here for the first time in rat oocytes that CaMKII is phosphorylated during oocyte activation. CaMKII phosphorylation was suppressed by KN93, a CaMKII inhibitor, but not KN92, which is the inactive analogue of KN93. Electrical stimulation of rat oocytes resulted in degradation of both cyclin B and Mos, presumably due a rise in Ca2+ induced by the electrical pulse. KN93 blocked the degradation of both proteins induced by the electrical pulse. Addition of a protein phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid (OA), further increased the amount of CaMKII and also increased the amount of phosphorylated enzyme. Importantly, in oocytes undergoing spontaneous activation, accumulation and phosphorylation of CaMKII also occurs in a time-dependent manner. Consistent with this, addition of KN93 inhibited spontaneous activation. Collectively, our results show that CaMKII is phosphorylated during oocyte activation and that this phosphorylation is involved in inactivation of p34cdc2 kinase and somewhat involved in degradation of Mos. Furthermore, CaMKII phosphorylation is negatively regulated by a protein phosphatase. 相似文献
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The distinct properties of fluorous phases are practically useful for separation, purification, and reaction control in organic synthesis. Here, we report the formation of a liquid-like fluorous droplet, composed of 24 perfluoroalkyl chains confined in the interior of a 5-nanometer-sized, roughly spherical shell that spontaneously assembled in solution from 12 palladium ions and 24 bridging ligands. Crystallographic analysis confirmed the rigid shell framework and amorphous interior. Perfluoroalkanes can dissolve in this well-defined fluorous phase, whereas they can hardly dissolve in a surrounding polar organic solution, and their solubility (up to approximately eight perfluoroalkane molecules per spherical complex) can be finely controlled by tuning the length of perfluoroalkyl chains tethered to the shell. 相似文献
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Asako Kobayashi Junya Sonoda Kazuhiko Sugimoto Motohiko Kondo Norio Iwasawa Takeshi Hayashi Katsura Tomita Masahiro Yano Toyohiro Shimizu 《Breeding Science》2013,63(3):339-346
Decline in the apparent quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain due to high temperatures during ripening recently became a major concern in many areas in Japan. The occurrence of white-back kernels (WBK) is one of the main problems of heat-induced quality decline. We identified QTLs associated with the occurrence of WBK using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and verified their effects using near-isogenic lines (NILs). The QTL analysis used F7 and F8 RILs derived from ‘Hana-echizen’ (HE), which is tolerant to high temperature, × ‘Niigata-wase’ (NW), which is sensitive to high temperature. Four QTLs were identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 9 (qWB3, qWB4, qWB6 and qWB9). To verify the effects of qWB6 and qWB9, we developed two NILs in which qWB6 or both were introduced from HE into the NW background. The HE allele at qWB6 significantly decreased WBK under multiple environments. The combination of qWB6 and qWB9 in an F2 population derived from a cross between a NIL and NW showed that the NW allele at qWB9 significantly decreased WBK if the qWB6 allele was HE. These results will be of value in marker-assisted selection for the breeding of rice with tolerance to heat-induced quality decline. 相似文献
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Onishi Junya Ikeura Hiroshi Paluashova Gaukhar K. Shirokova Yulia I. Kitamura Yoshinobu Fujimaki Haruyuki 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(2):185-193
Paddy and Water Environment - In the arid lands covering Uzbekistan, furrow irrigation with low application efficiency is still widely used due to a lack of funds and shortage of labor. To save... 相似文献
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