Effects of music stimulus on behavior response,cortisol level,and horizontal immunity of growing pigs

An enriched environment is widely used to improve domestic animals’ welfare and promote their natural behaviors. Music can reduce abnormal behavior in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. However, little is known about the effects of music on pigs. This study aims to explore the effects of repeated music stimulation on the behavior, physiology, and immunity of growing pigs. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Minpig) were randomly divided into three groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60 to 70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80 to 85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB), and 6 h sound stimulation was given per day (1000 to 1600 hours) from 40 to 100 d of age. The behavioral activities of the pigs were observed during the music stimulation, and their serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum immune indices were also measured. Compared with the control group, the music group and noise group increased activity but decreased lying of pigs (P < 0.05). A significant increase in tail-wagging, playing, and exploring behaviors of pigs was found in the music group (P < 0.05), and the noise significantly increased the aggressive behavior of the pigs (P < 0.05). Tail-wagging, playing, exploring, manipulating, and aggressive behaviors decreased over time. Short-term (8 d) music stimulus had a lower cortisol level than that of the noise and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas long-term (60 d) music stimulus increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05) and decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) level (P < 0.05). Long-term noise stimulus significantly reduced the level of IgG (P < 0.05) but did not affect the level of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, short-term music stimulus (8 d) reduced the stress response, whereas long-term music stimulus (60 d) enhanced the immune responses. In addition, the noise increased the aggressive behavior, and long-term noise reduced the immunity of the growing pigs.     

川西北地区上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩分布地震预测

通过对川西北地区的老井进行复查,发现多口井在上二叠统吴家坪组存在大套的凝灰岩,对上述井的地质、测井、地震资料综合分析发现,凝灰岩的岩性以凝灰质泥岩、凝灰质粉砂岩、凝灰质灰岩、沉凝灰岩、凝灰岩、凝灰质白云岩为主,次生溶蚀孔隙发育;凝灰岩在测井曲线和地震剖面上均有明显的响应特征:在测井曲线上表现为明显的低纵波速度、高自然伽马特征,凝灰岩底界在地震剖面上均表现为波峰反射特征.为此,采用模型正演分析技术及波阻抗反演技术,首次对四川盆地川西北地区晚二叠世吴家坪组凝灰岩的分布进行了地震预测:双鱼石构造-剑阁区块的北部地区凝灰岩分布最厚,南部减薄;双鱼石构造东部凝灰岩分布较厚,西部减薄,直至不发育.研究结果表明,晚二叠世吴家坪组在川西北地区沉积了一套凝灰岩,从西北至东南方向减薄;由于凝灰岩物性好,孔隙度高,可成为四川盆地火山岩气藏勘探全新的后备领域,为川西北地区下一步新的勘探领域开发提供了重要研究基础.     

Bamboo NiR gene is associated with regeneration capacity

It was reported that the activity of NiR (nitrite reductase) enzyme encoded by the NiR gene was correlated with the regeneration ability in rice. To testify the function of NiR gene in bamboo, seven bamboo species whose calli had different differentiation rate were chosen to analyse their NiR enzyme activity. The results showed that bamboo NiR enzymatic activity had a certain correlation with the regeneration capacity. A NiR gene named DhNiR from Dendrocalamus hamiltonii with high regeneration capacity was cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that the ORF of DhNiR was 1779bp encoding 592 amino acids. Overexpression of DhNiR in rice reduced the time of shoot differentiation and increased the transformation rate, suggesting that DhNiR might play an important role in the regeneration ability of bamboo, and can be applied in regeneration and gene transformation of bamboo and other plant species.     

工程设施技术在稻渔共作模式中的发展

稻渔共作模式是一种继承传统农业中遵循自然协调、绿色生态的农业发展理念并以现代农业技术为指导的生态循环农业模式，该模式具有稳粮、促渔、增收、提质、环境友好和可持续发展等多种生态系统功能，但缺乏稻田生态理论研究及新的生态管理技术，且基础设施不足，与种养技术匹配设施缺乏。工程设施技术属于稻渔共作模式配套技术，决定稻渔共作模式的发展潜力。目前工程设备设施在稻渔共作模式中的应用普及程度低，尚未开发出与稻渔共作模式特点相匹配的专用设备。结合稻渔共作模式的发展历史和水平，对配套工程设施技术的发展进行分析。      

豚草粗提物对杨树水泡型溃疡病的抑菌作用研究

为解决豚草提取物在林业病虫害防治中的推广与应用问题,以豚草叶片为试验材料,采用温浸-超声波联合提取法提取抑菌活性物质,并开展其对杨树水泡型溃疡病病原菌的室内外抑菌试验。室内抑菌试验表明,粗提物浓度为16 mg/mL时,抑菌率达到73.62%;林间防治试验表明,最小抑菌浓度为 40 mg/mL,抑菌率达到95.14%。通过以上抑菌试验确定豚草粗提物对杨树水泡型溃疡病有较好的抑制效果。     

加速广义Laguerre多项式级数的Laplace变换的数值反演方法

本文利用Levin t-变换迭代法，对加速广义Laguerre多项式级数，提出了一种新的Laplace变换的数值反演方法，这种方法在精度上和数值稳定性上的效果都较好。     

信鸽新城疫并发大肠杆菌病的诊治

鸽新城疫又称鸽瘟或鸽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病 ,是由鸽Ⅰ型副粘病毒引起的一种高度接触性、败血型传染病。主要表现为腹泻、神经紊乱、呼吸困难及浆膜、粘膜出血等 ;鸽大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希氏杆菌感染所引起的局部或全身性感染的疾病。若新城疫和大肠杆菌并发 ,将给养鸽爱好者以很大的经济损失和精神打击。现将本人在临床上遇到的两起病例介绍给大家 ,以供参考。1发病情况2003年5月初 ,平顶山市郊西信鸽爱好者相继到我中心 ,叙述了其200多只信鸽参赛后大群出现拉稀、精神不振 ,个别眼流泪 ,有神经症状 ,用氟哌酸、阿莫西林、痢特灵、氯霉素治疗 ,…     

《四川农业科技》期刊读者群现状浅析

对《四川农业科技》2 0 0 0年～ 2 0 0 2年读者群现状分析结果表明 ,影响读者群的因素有期刊自身原因和地域性原因等 ,扩大和稳定读者群关键在合理定位、栏目设计有特色、多渠道宣传等。     

Essential Factors and Sustainable Development of Green Agriculture

This paper discussed the definition and essential factors of green agriculture, including green ecological environment, green material energy input, application and the popularization of green agricultural technology, the green behavior of worker, green policy regulations guarantee, fund support, supply and the production of green agriculture products, as well as the concept of green agriculture, structural mechanism and function. And finally existing problems in present green agriculture and five suggestions of green agricultural sustainable develonment were proposed.     

水稻条纹病毒在玉米和水稻上流行差异分析

为了明确水稻条纹病毒(RSV)在水稻和玉米上发生程度差异明显的原因,从一个侧面了解RSV流行本质,2004年在洪泽进行田间试验。采用黄盘诱集、盘扑、盘刮、肉眼计数等方法比较武育粳3号和掖单13上灰飞虱侵入和消长动态,结果表明两者均只有一个成虫侵入高峰,单位面积迁入虫量前者是后者的3.6倍,单株平均虫量相近。Dot-ELISA法测定灰飞虱带毒率为40%,成虫迁移扩散高峰期22d内两者接毒量约为每天百株137头带毒虫。武育粳3号有二代若虫发生,掖单13则无。逐日调查发病进程,结果显示水稻发病率为60%,玉米为0。室内抗性鉴定,掖单13对RSV的抗性比武育粳3号高4个级别。综合以上结果,寄主品种抗性决定了RSV在水稻和玉米上流行状况,二代若虫重复侵染是RSV在水稻上重发的另一主要原因。