Osteochondritis dissecans of the canine stifle joint

In fourteen dogs with osteochondritis dissecans of the stifle joint the lesion was found in the articular cartilage of the medial condyle of the femur in six and the lateral condyle in eight. Both stifle joints were affected in eight dogs and in two of these, both Wolfhounds, the shoulder joints were also affected. Ten dogs were treated surgically and three by conservative means. The results of treatment are discussed.     

The management of elbow instability caused by premature closure of the distal radial growth plate in dogs

The clinical and radiographic findings associated with premature closure of the distal radial growth plate are described in 17 dogs. An increase in the humero-radial joint space with elbow instability and pain was noted in all cases. Radial lengthening procedures were used to treat three dogs, while in seven others, the ulna was shortened to correct elbow instability. Seven dogs were treated conservatively. The results of treatment are discussed in the light of previously published findings.     

Changes in tropical cyclone number, duration, and intensity in a warming environment

We examined the number of tropical cyclones and cyclone days as well as tropical cyclone intensity over the past 35 years, in an environment of increasing sea surface temperature. A large increase was seen in the number and proportion of hurricanes reaching categories 4 and 5. The largest increase occurred in the North Pacific, Indian, and Southwest Pacific Oceans, and the smallest percentage increase occurred in the North Atlantic Ocean. These increases have taken place while the number of cyclones and cyclone days has decreased in all basins except the North Atlantic during the past decade.     

Radiological features of intra-nasal lesions in the dog: a review of 100 cases

The radiological changes observed in 100 dogs with confirmed intra-nasal disease are reviewed with particular reference to the differential features of neoplasia, destructive rhinitis and proliferative inflammatory conditions. The contribution of radiographic examination to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of these disorders is discussed.     

Traumatic rupture of the bile duct in the dog: a report of seven cases

The paper describes the clinical signs, treatment and post-operative management of seven dogs with bile duct rupture, all of which recovered.     

The diagnosis and treatment of cauda equina lesions in the dog

The case details of 46 dogs with cauda equina syndrome are reviewed. The causes were variable and included lumbosacral spondylosis, disc protrusion, discospondylitis, fractures, dislocations and neoplasia. Dogs with discospondylitis generally responded well to prolonged antibiotic therapy but the response to conservative treatment of lumbosacral spondylosis or disc protrusion was transient or incomplete. Ten dogs with cauda equina syndrome were treated surgically; the techniques are described and results presented.     

The radiological features of non-osteogenic malignant tumours of bone in the appendicular skeleton of the dog: a review of thirty-four cases

The clinical features, sites of origin and radiological changes in 34 dogs with 38 histologically proven non-osteogenic malignant tumours of the appendicular skeleton are reported. The incidence of such tumours when compared with the number of osteosarcomas recorded during the same period is much higher than in previously reported series. A wide variety of tumour types was recorded, fibrosarcomas (nine cases), metastatic deposits (eight cases) and haemangiosarcomas (five cases) being the most common. No distinctive features could be related to histological type, but only one tumour in this group demonstrated radiological signs indistinguishable from those previously classified as characteristic of osteosarcoma (Gibbs, Denny & Kelly, 1984). Lung metastases were detected radiographically in approximately 15 per cent of cases. Of eight dogs treated, either by amputation or surgical excision, three are known to have survived without recurrence for more than two years.     

An evaluation of two 'Over the Top' techniques for anterior cruciate ligament replacement in the dog

Two modifications of the ‘Over the Top’ (OTT) technique (Arnoczky et al., 1979) for anterior cruciate ligament replacement are evaluated in 112 cases. In 78 dogs (average weight 48 kg) part of the patellar tendon ligament complex was used as a graft to replace the ruptured ligament. The graft consisted of the middle third of the straight patellar ligament, the superficial layers of the patella, patellar tendon and fascia lata. In the other 34 dogs (average weight 30 kg) the lateral third of the straight patellar ligament and fascia lata were used as the graft. The average recovery time was 12 weeks with both techniques.     

Atlanto-axial subluxation in the dog: a review of thirty cases and an evaluation of treatment by lag screw fixation

The clinical and radiological features of atlanto-axial subluxation in the dog are described with reference to a series of 30 cases. Two methods of treatment were evaluated. In 13 dogs, a dorsal approach was used and the atlas and axis stabilised with a wire suture. Four cases had respiratory arrests during surgery; one of these and seven others made full recoveries after wiring. In 10 dogs treated by lag screw fixation of the ventral articular facets there were no complications during surgery and nine of these recovered within two months. Atlanto-axial subluxation was diagnosed in 30 dogs referred to the Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Bristol between 1977 and 1986. The condition was encountered in six small breeds of dog and was seen most frequently in the Yorkshire     

The surgical treatment of osteochondritis dissecans and ununited coronoid process in the canine elbow joint

The case details of ten dogs with osteochondritis dissecans of the medial condyle of the humerus and seven dogs with ununited coronoid process are presented. Seventeen dogs were treated surgically and the medial approach to the elbow is described.