白背飞虱爆发规律及防治研究

】江淮稻区白背飞虱呈迁入代至主害代的爆发型相,发生程度为基数决定型。根据白背飞虱历年田间系统调查资料和灯下虫量的逐步回归分析,证明江淮稻区主害代（２代）发生程度与迁入峰后７月１５日白背飞虱总虫量显著相关（Ｒ２＝０．７１０７）,并分别建立白背飞虱预警指标。以为害损失５％以下为标准,主害代高峰期虫量为１５头／穴,比原防治指标稍宽。由此提出病虫兼治的防治对策和技术规范,比原传统方法少用药１次。     

计算流体力学数值仿真技术及其在木材干燥研究中的应用

计算流体力学（CFD）数值仿真技术是随着计算机科学发展起来的通过数值计算获得流场流动与传热规律的新技术,已逐渐成为木材科学领域中研究木材干燥技术的重要方法。文中对CFD仿真原理和方法进行阐述,从干燥室设计和优化、干燥室性能分析与干燥过程热质耦合传递等方面归纳总结国内外CFD技术在木材干燥研究中的应用现状,指出目前研究存在的不足并展望未来研究热点。     

Utilization of digital differential display to identify differentially expressed genes related to rumen development

This study aimed to identify the genes associated with the development of the rumen epithelium by screening for candidate genes by digital differential display (DDD) in silico. Using DDD in NCBI's UniGene database, expressed sequence tag (EST)‐based gene expression profiles were analyzed in rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum and other tissues in cattle. One hundred and ten candidate genes with high expression in the rumen were derived from a library of all tissues. The expression levels of 11 genes in all candidate genes were analyzed in the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum of nine Japanese Black male calves (5‐week‐old pre‐weaning: n = 3; 15‐week‐old weaned calves: n = 6). Among the 11 genes, only 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), aldo‐keto reductase family 1, member C1‐like (AKR1C1), and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) showed significant changes in the levels of gene expression in the rumen between the pre‐ and post‐weaning of calves. These results indicate that DDD analysis in silico can be useful for screening candidate genes related to rumen development, and that the changes in expression levels of three genes in the rumen may have been caused by weaning, aging or both. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science     

陕西省榆林市水资源承载力与协调发展

[目的]分析陕西省榆林市水资源承载力状况,为该区水资源开发利用和协调发展提供科学参考。[方法]构建水—经济—社会—生态评价体系,利用AHP、熵权法并结合TOPSIS方法评价榆林市水资源承载力,引入耦合协调度和障碍度模型分析区域协调发展水平和承载力主要障碍因素,结合发展规划进行承载力演化分析和预测。[结果]榆林市各区县水资源承载力整体处于中等偏弱水平,榆阳区、神木市、定边县等存在发展不协调问题,人口密度大、农业用水量高是榆阳区承载力主要障碍因素,生态环境用水需求是神木市主要障碍因素,水资源本底弱、可利用量低和水土流失问题是东部区县承载力的主要障碍因素。2020年区域水资源承载力较2016年整体提升,未来经济社会发展和引水工程实施下,榆阳区、神木市、府谷县和横山县水资源承载力提升,其他区县受经济社会发展等因素影响水资源承载力进一步弱化。[结论]榆林市水资源承载力和地区协调发展存在局部脆弱和失衡问题,应进一步调整用水结构、优化水资源配置,统筹规划水—粮食安全—生态保护。     

《名特优绿茶初加工技术研究及示范项目》实施方法与成效初报

本文对《名特优绿茶初加工技术研究及示范》项目的实施方法与初步成效进行了回顾与总结,归纳提出主要的实施技术方法与途径,排查疑难,增强信心;开展调研,加强交流;规范工艺,控制质量;引进设备,改良产品;产品创优,规模发展,为提高优质率寻求技术途径。     

合作猪IFN-ε基因克隆及生物信息学分析

旨在克隆合作猪干扰素ε(Interferon epsilon,IFN-ε)基因,并对其结构和编码蛋白进行生物信息学分析,为进一步研究合作猪IFN-ε生物学功能提供参考。根据GenBank上公布的猪IFN-ε基因序列(登录号:NM₀01105310.1)设计引物,PCR扩增及测序获得合作猪IFN-ε基因完整编码区序列(Coding sequence,CDS),并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,合作猪IFN-ε基因编码区长582bp,编码193个氨基酸。该基因编码区序列与杜洛克猪、人、小鼠、黑猩猩、狗、瘤牛、蒙古野马、山羊和绵羊的同源性分别为98.4%、77.7%、56.8%、78.2%、76.5%、87.0%、85.5%、85.0%和86.0%;系统进化树结果表明,合作猪与瘤牛、蒙古野马、绵羊、山羊亲缘关系较近。此外,在合作猪IFN-ε基因CDS上共发现3个碱基突变,均为错义突变。氨基酸序列分析表明,合作猪IFN-ε蛋白分子式为C₁₀₂₇H₁₆₃₀N₂₇₈O₂₉₀S_1...     

Glutathione content of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages

Glutathione (GSH) concentrations of oocytes are considered as an important marker of the cytoplasmic maturation. The present study was designed to compare GSH concentrations of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes. In vivo matured oocytes were collected 72 hr after ovulation by flushing fallopian tubes after laparotomy. Ovaries were collected from bitches with different reproductive stages, and collected oocytes were divided into 2 groups according to the size viz. < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter and cultured for 72 hr in Tissue Culture Medium-199 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.2 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate, 2.0 microg/ml estrogen, 0.5 microg/ml FSH, 0.03 IU/ml hCG, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in the presence or absence of 50 microM beta-mercaptoethanol. GSH concentrations were determined by the dithionitrobenzoic acid-glutathione disulfide (DTNB-GSSG) reductase recycling assay. GSH concentrations of immature canine oocytes were 2.9 and 3.8, 3.5 and 6.8, and 3.1 and 6.5 pM/oocyte for < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter oocyte groups at anestrous, follicular and luteal stage, respectively (P<0.05). In vivo matured oocytes had significantly higher GSH concentrations compared with in vitro matured oocytes. The GSH content was 19.2 pM/oocyte for in vivo matured oocytes, while 4.1 to 8.1 and 5.7 to 13.2 pM/oocyte for in vitro matured oocytes cultured in the absence or presence of beta-mercaptoethanol, respectively (P<0.05). Presence of beta-mercaptoethanol increased GSH synthesis in canine oocytes cultured in vitro, and oocytes collected from follicular and luteal stage was superior to anestrus oocytes.     

Forest condition and management in Swedish forest commons

Forest commons are regarded as a means to support local development and sustainable forest conditions. To evaluate the development impact of Swedish forest commons, comparative surveys have been undertaken in three regions, and the differences in forest condition and management between categories of commons as well as their relation to other forest ownerships have been assessed. Regional differences between the by-laws, historical development and geographical conditions are apparent. It is concluded that two of three regions have an overly restrictive harvesting policy given the purpose of the forest commons and the official forest policy. The study results underline the importance of evaluation of the performance of forest management in relation to management objectives, to ownership alternatives and to the impact of local variations in preconditions.     

浅谈低温热水地板采暖的特点及应用前景

低温热水地板采暖广泛应用于北欧、美国、加拿大以及韩国等国家，但在我国地板采暖的应用才刚刚起步。本文简要阐述了低温热水地板采暖的特点，并对其在我国的应用前景进行了展望。     

合作猪HMOX1基因过表达载体构建及组织表达分析

为了构建合作猪HMOX1基因过表达载体,并分析其组织表达特征,本研究通过PCR扩增获取合作猪HMOX1基因完整CDS区序列,将其插入到pcDNA3.1(+)过表达载体中,构建pcDNA3.1-HMOX1过表达载体;并通过实时荧光定量PCR检测HMOX1基因在合作猪心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、十二指肠和背最长肌中的表达情况。结果显示,成功扩增出合作猪HMOX1基因924 bp的完整CDS区,通过双酶切和测序鉴定,HMOX1基因成功连接到pcDNA3.1(+)过表达载体中。组织表达结果显示,HMOX1基因在合作猪组织中表达量最高是脾脏,显著高于其它组织(P<0.05),其次是肝脏、肺脏、肾脏和心脏,在十二指肠中的表达量最低。研究结果为进一步研究HMOX1基因在合作猪高海拔低氧适应过程中的功能提供了重要参考。