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排序方式: 共有190条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
SUMMARY: Behavioral experiments concerning a releaser pheromone in the urine of female rainbow trout were performed using immature fish administered orally with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) during the non-spawning season. The urine was collected by catheter. The frequency of entries of test fish was recorded in each channel scented by test and control solutions in a Y-maze trough. The behavior of both MT-treated and control fish demonstrated that they could not discriminate the differences between distilled and environmental water as control solutions. There was also no difference between MT-treated and control fish when distilled and environmental water were introduced. The MT-treated immature fish were attracted to the channel scented by ovulated female urine. Neither coelomic fluid nor the immature female urine had any effect on the behavioral responses of MT-treated fish, while immature control fish had no preference for the urine of ovulated females. These results suggest in rainbow trout that ovulated female urine contains a releaser pheromone to attract mature males, and that androgens are involved in the sensory mechanisms detecting the releaser pheromone in fish. 相似文献
2.
Seasonal variation in pigmentation and anthocyanidin phenetics in commercial Eustoma flowers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. F. M. Jamal Uddin Fumio Hashimoto Toshiki Miwa Katsuhiro Ohbo Yusuke Sakata 《Scientia Horticulturae》2004,100(1-4):103-115
The seasonal change in petal color and pigmentation of 29 commercial Eustoma cultivars was studied. The flowers are basically divided into four groups according to the major anthocyanidin phenotype in association with petal coloration, i.e., delphinidin (Dp)-based (purple flower), cyanidin (Cy)-based (reddish purple flower), pelargonidin (Pg)-based (pink flower), and none (white flower) groups. The constitution of petal anthocyanidins was not changed by forcing treatment in most of the flowers. Lightness (L*) and chroma (C*, color saturation) showed a change along with the increase/decrease of hue angle difference (ΔH*), thus simultaneously the chromatic tonalities tended to move to redder and bluer, respectively. Floral pigment clustering described two flower groups in a dendrogram, based on anthocyanidin constitutions as phenetic markers, which are apparently the Dp- and Pg-based phenotypes of anthocyanidin syntheses. The Cy-based flowers made a subcluster with the Pg-based flowers, indicating a close relationship in the biosynthesis of the two anthocyanidins, and suggesting the Dp- and Pg-syntheses complement one another. 相似文献
3.
Kobayashi Y Inoue N Sato G Itou T Santos HP Brito CJ Gomes AA Santos MF Silva MV Mota CS Ito FH Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(7):691-696
The incidence of canine rabies has been widely reported in Brazil, and new rabies virus (RV) variants, genetically similar to canine RV, have recently been isolated from foxes. In order to derive the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian Carnivora RV, Brazilian RVs isolated from dogs, cats, and foxes were genetically analyzed. Brazilian Carnivora RV isolates were divided into 2 main lineages. The predominant lineage was found in dogs and cats, which included the Argentinean and Bolivian Carnivora RV isolates, and was extensively distributed throughout Brazil and surrounding countries. The other lineage consisted of three sublineages containing Brazilian dog and fox RV isolates, with the dog sublineages located on an internal branch of 2 fox sublineages, suggesting that RV transmission events might have occurred between foxes and dogs in the past. These results suggest that contact between dogs and wildlife has the potential to generate new rabies variants and that it is important to control RV infection cycles in both dogs and wildlife to prevent spread of rabies infection. 相似文献
4.
Fumio Okura 《Breeding Science》2022,72(1):31
This paper reviews the past and current trends of three-dimensional (3D) modeling and reconstruction of plants and trees. These topics have been studied in multiple research fields, including computer vision, graphics, plant phenotyping, and forestry. This paper, therefore, provides a cross-cutting review. Representations of plant shape and structure are first summarized, where every method for plant modeling and reconstruction is based on a shape/structure representation. The methods were then categorized into 1) creating non-existent plants (modeling) and 2) creating models from real-world plants (reconstruction). This paper also discusses the limitations of current methods and possible future directions. 相似文献
5.
Yoshiki Matsushita Shusuke Machida Haruyuki Kanehiro Fumio Nakamura Naoto Honda 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(2):230-235
ABSTRACT: A small number of fishers in Chiba Prefecture of eastern Japan use cotton gill nets to catch Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus. To examine the advantages of cotton gill nets, we analyzed changes in mesh breaking load of a new cotton gill net used in a fishing operation. A new cotton gill net was also soaked in a seawater tank to simulate ghost fishing conditions. The average mesh breaking load of new cotton mesh was 50.3 N. This value decreased to 19.0 N after 38 days (∼912 h), and after 82 days (∼1968 h) the mesh could be easily torn (breaking load 0.07 N). Under fishing conditions, the cumulative soak time was only 744.4 h over 19 months. The average breaking load at the end of this period was 43.1 N, a strength 86% that of the presoaked mesh. The mesh breaking load of a cotton gill net continuously soaked for 744.4 h was 26.1 N, as estimated from tank experiment data. Thus, a cotton gill net maintains reasonable strength under typical use conditions, but will degrade if lost at sea. 相似文献
6.
ManyDrechslera species that haveCochliobolus sp. as a perfect stage produce a related group of ophiobolins, sesterterpenoids (C-25’s), which are phytotoxic to a wide
range of plants. One of the most toxic ophiobolins is 6-epiophiobolin A and it is produced by all of theDrechslera species thus far studied. On the other hand, some novel ophiobolins have been found inD. oryzae: ophiobolin J, 6-epiophiobolin I, and 8-deoxyophiobolin J. Potentially, genetic crosses made between these fungi could yield
novel organisms, producing novel combinations of the ophiobolins, and thus new pathotypes. Ophiobolins are being used in tissue
culture systems to screen plants for sensitivity to these toxins.
Paper presented at the Bat-Sheva Seminar on Host - Fungus Interaction, Jerusalem, Israel (March 14–25,1988). 相似文献
7.
lori INOUE Toshiaki OHARA Fumio NAMIKI Takashi TSUGE 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(3):191-199
Restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) mutagenesis was used to isolate mutants of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis impaired in pathogenicity. The race 2 strain Mel02010 was transformed with linearized pSH75, conferring resistance to hygromycin
B, with or without the enzyme used to linearize the plasmid. Addition of restriction enzymes did not affect the transformation
frequency. A total of 2929 REMI transformants were tested for pathogenicity to three melon cultivars, Amus, Ogon 9 and Ohi.
The race 2 strains are pathogenic to Amus and Ogon 9, but not to Ohi. Of 43 transformants with reduced pathogenicity on susceptible
melon cultivars, 12 mutants were examined in detail for pathogenicity, vegetative growth and integrative mode of pSH75. The
levels of pathogenicity varied among these mutants. Two mutants (B48 and B137) almost completely lost pathogenicity to both
susceptible cultivars, and the others had reduced pathogenicity. Mutants B48, B241, B886 and X36 were also impaired in vegetative
growth. Mutant B809 was a biotin auxotroph. By DNA gel blot analysis, nine mutants were found to contain a single copy of
the transformation vector. These mutants may thus be useful in isolating genes involved in pathogenicity.
Received 22 December 2000/ Accepted in revised form 16 April 2001 相似文献
8.
Yoshiro Kanemoto Essam E. Enan Fumio Matsumura Mitsuo Miyazawa 《Pest management science》1992,34(3):281-290
Effects of deltamethrin, a powerful pyrethroid insecticide, on the protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation processes during depolarization in rat brain synaptosomes were studied by using [32P]phosphoric acid as a starting radiotracer and high external concentration of potassium ions or veratridine (10?-5 M) as depolarizing agents. At the onset of depolarization there was a quick rise in phosphorylation in various synaptic proteins for about 15–30 s followed by a gradual decline in levels of phosphorylation. The effect of deltamethrin (10?-7 M) on this system was found to be dependent on the length of preincubation of the synaptosome with the pesticide prior to depolarization. At an early stage (0–3 min preincubation period) it caused a modest suppression of protein phosphorylation activities. When the period of deltamethrin preincubation was extended to 5–20 min, however, it caused a significant increase in protein phosphorylation throughout the depolarization period. At the later stage of the action of deltamethrin (e.g. preincubation period of 30–40 min), deltamethrin-treated synaptosomes no longer responded to the depolarization signal to raise the level of phosphorylation on many proteins. These results indicate that deltamethrin's actions on the synaptic process are complex. Depending on the length of exposure, its effects on protein phosphorylation responses in intact synaptosomes could be either stimulatory or inhibitory. To study the cause of deltamethrin-induced synaptic block at the later stage, effects of deltamethrin on protein kinases were studied by using lysed synaptic membranes with [gamma-32P]ATP. Deltamethrin was shown to inhibit calcium–calmodulin-dependent protein phosphorylation activities at 10?-7 M when given directly to the enzyme source 10 min prior to the addition of [32P]ATP. Such an observation helps to explain the inhibitory action of deltamethrin on protein phosphorylation which occurs at the late stage of its action (i.e. preincubation time > 20 min). 相似文献
9.
Oguro M Ishikawa H Ohtsuka H Hoshi F Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):809-812
Growth hormone secretion was evaluated in cattle. Clinically healthy bovine growth hormone (bGH) concentrations were 10.7 +/- 1.6 ng/ml in Holstein and 7.8 +/- 3.9 ng/ml in Japanese black cattle. The bGH concentration alternated at three-hour intervals, and tended to be higher at midnight and lower in the morning and before feeding. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) at an insulin dosage of 0.25 U/kg showed a significant increase of bGH concentration to 331 +/- 153% at 60 to 90 min after injection. In ITT applied to five under-growth calves of Japanese black cattle, the basal bGH concentrations were lower and peak values after insulin injection were shown to be significantly low. The ITT is useful for the clinical examination of bGH secretion in cattle. 相似文献
10.
Ishioka K Soliman MM Sagawa M Nakadomo F Shibata H Honjoh T Hashimoto A Kitamura H Kimura K Saito M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(4):349-353
Leptin is a protein synthesized and secreted primarily by adipocytes, and the circulating leptin concentration is elevated in obese humans and rodents. Recently, we have established a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for canine leptin. In the present study, plasma leptin concentrations were measured in experimentally developed obese beagles and in clinically obese dogs. When 5 male beagles were given a high-energy diet for 3 months, all of them became obese and the plasma leptin concentration significantly increased from 2.4+/-1.2 to 4.9+/-0.9 ng/ml, positively correlating with body fat content estimated by the deuterium oxide dilution method (r=0.87). The leptin concentrations of plasma samples collected from 59 dogs in veterinary practices were compared with their body condition scores (BCS). The plasma leptin concentrations of obese dogs were 9.7+/-0.7 and 12.3+/-1.5 ng/ml at BCS=4 and BCS=5, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of optimal (BCS=3) dogs (2.7+/-0.3 ng/ml). There was no significant effect of sex and breed. A weak positive correlation (r=0.37) was found between the plasma leptin concentration and age, probably due to the lesser content of visceral fat in puppies younger than 1 year old. These results indicate that plasma leptin is a good index of adiposity in dogs regardless of breed, age and sex, and may be useful for quantitative assessment of obesity in small animal practice. 相似文献