奶牛子宫内膜炎治疗研究进展

子宫内膜炎是奶牛的常发病,对奶牛养殖业造成的危害巨大.目前,治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的方法主要有抗生素疗法、中药疗法、中西医结合疗法、微生物疗法、免疫学疗法和激素疗法.主要根据国内最新的研究成果,对奶牛子宫内膜炎的治疗进行综述,并对不同治疗方法的优缺点进行比较,以期为积极探寻该病最为合适的治疗方法提供参考.     

穿山甲、王不留行对卵巢摘除小白鼠乳腺实质发育的影响研究

将Jcl-lcr系18日龄雌性小白鼠28只分为4组,从20日龄时摘除卵巢,28日龄开始,第1组连续给穿山甲、王不留行煎液,每天口服0.2ml(相当于生药0.1g);第2组、第3组、第4组(对照组)以相同方法分别给红花、淫羊藿、益母草煎液和麦芽、莱菔子等煎液及蒸馏水。第45日龄取材检查,结果显示第1组的乳腺分枝数与对照组乳腺分枝相比,差异不显著。同样第1组的乳腺腺泡数与对照组乳腺腺泡数相比,差异也不显著。结论穿山甲、王不留行对摘除卵巢未性成熟小白鼠乳腺发育无作用;穿山甲、王不留行对未性成熟小白鼠乳腺实质发育的促进作用是通过卵巢所致。     

短花针茅草地几种牧草利用率的确定

在短花针茅荒漠草原，利用高度一重量百分比方法确定了13种牧草的利用率。结果表明：对于大多数牧草消耗高度占总高度的50%，重量的消耗仅20%～30%；当牧草消耗高度80%时，牧草的利用率为70%。在利用率确定的情况下，可推导出各种牧草的适宜留茬高度。     

Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in western Xinjiang, China

The prevalence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and B. caballi infections in donkeys in western Xinjiang China was investigated. In total, 93 serum samples were randomly taken from donkeys in the Kashi and Ili areas, and examined for B. equi and B. caballi infections by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using recombinant antigens. Of the 93 samples, 9 (9.6%) and 36 (38.7%) samples were positive for B. equi infection and B. caballi infection, respectively. In addition, 2 (2.2%) samples were positive for both B. equi and B. caballi infections. These results indicate that equine babesiosis might be extensively prevalent in donkeys in western Xinjiang.     

Detection of DNA closely related to 'Candidatus Rickettsia principis' in Haemaphysalis danieli recovered from cattle in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Area, China

Tick DNA samples from cattle in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Area, China, were examined for Rickettsia infection by citrate synthase gene-based PCR and sequencing. Four positive samples were detected from Haemaphysalis danieli and high levels of similarity were found with recently detected 'Candidatus Rickettsia principis.'     

新孢子虫病rELISA抗体检测试剂盒的应用

[目的]研发一种成熟稳定的新孢子虫病rELISA抗体检测试剂盒.[方法]在新孢子虫病rELISA检测方法建立的基础上,组装检测新孢子虫病的rELISA抗体检测试剂盒,对试剂盒的敏感性、保存期、特异性和重复性进行评价,并与两种商品化试剂盒进行对比试验,应用自制的试剂盒检测来自新疆各地州新孢子虫疑似病例区血清,共1329份.[结果]成功组装了新孢子虫病rELISA抗体检测试剂盒,且该试剂盒敏感性高、保存期长、特异性强、重复性较好.与两种进口商品化诊断试剂盒比较,其符合率均在90;以上.在1 329样品血清中157份是阳性,其平均阳性率为11.8;.[结论]该试剂盒可以取代商品化试剂盒进行新孢子虫病诊断,为新孢子虫病的防治工作提供技术和产品支撑.     

落叶松叶蜂林间抽样技术及预测预报的研究

本文在调查落叶松叶蜂(Pristiphora erichsonii(Htg))林间分布型的基础上,进行了抽样技术与方法和发生期、发生量预测预报的比较和研究,并将研究结果广泛应用在落叶松叶蜂的综合治理中,取得了良好的效果。     

Diagnosis of equine piroplasmosis in Xinjiang province of China by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using recombinant antigens

The prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Xinjiang province, China, was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A total of 70 serum samples were taken from horses pastured on three farms in western Xinjiang, and examined for diagnosis of equine Babesia equi (B. equi) infection and B. caballi infection by ELISAs using recombinant equi merozoite antigen 1 (EMA-1) and recombinant P48 antigen, respectively. Of the 70 samples, 28 (40.0%) and 17 (24.3%) samples were positive for B. equi infection and B. caballi infection, respectively. In addition, 11 (15.7%) samples were positive for both B. equi and B. caballi infections. These results indicate that equine piroplasmosis is widespread and therefore a cause for serious concern in western Xinjiang. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing a survey on equine piroplasmosis in Xinjiang province, China.     

灌溉方式和改良措施对河套灌区盐渍土氨挥发的影响

以河套灌区盐渍化土壤为研究对象,采用田间土壤氨挥发原位测定法(通气法),研究膜下滴灌、黄河水漫灌下农民常规施肥(CK)、农民常规施肥+秸秆还田(SR)、农民常规施肥+生物炭(C)对土壤氨挥发和葵花产量的影响。结果表明:1)各处理氨挥发速率在施肥灌水后2～4 d出现峰值,随后逐渐减低。C、SR处理显著降低了氨挥发累积损失量(P0.05),C处理滴灌、漫灌下较CK分别降低了57%、44%,SR处理降低了39%、34%。2)土壤p H值与氨挥发速率呈正相关性,C、SR处理下土壤盐分较CK显著下降(P0.05)。3)不同灌溉方式下C处理葵花增产率均最高,SR增产效果不明显。4)同一改良措施下氨挥发损失率滴灌比漫灌降低10.7%～31%,C、SR处理的产量滴灌较漫灌分别高12.88%、2.02%。方差分析表明,改良措施对氨挥发、产量的影响极显著(P0.01),灌溉方式对其影响显著(P0.05)。综上所述C、SR均有效抑制了土壤氨挥发,滴灌模式下效果更为明显,但考虑到SR处理的葵花增产率较低,故滴灌下农民常规施肥+生物炭处理是目前较为合理的施肥措施。     

Serological evidence of infection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in domestic animals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region area, China

Serological methods were utilized to detect Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infection in domestic animals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. By using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), antibodies that reacted with Anaplasmaphagocytophilum and Ehrlichiachaffeensis were detected mainly in ruminants kept on pastureland in Altai, Ili and Kashgar area. Antibody titers up to 1:320 were recorded. These results indicate that ruminants kept in these areas may be infected with some species of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia.