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为探讨不同氮磷配施条件下紫花苜蓿细根周转及不同土层分布动态特征,分析苜蓿细根周转各指标之间的关系。采用双因素随机区组设计进行田间试验,设置4个施磷水平[0(P0)、50(P1)、100(P2)和150 kg·hm-2(P3)]和两个氮水平[0(N0)和120 kg·hm-2(N1)],共计8个处理,通过微根管根系监测0~60 cm的土层细根周转特征。结果表明:在相同施氮条件下,随着施磷量的增加,紫花苜蓿细根总现存量、细根表面积密度、细根生产量和死亡量呈先增加后降低的趋势,在P2条件下达到最大值,且P1、P2处理显著大于P0处理(P<0.05),在相同施磷条件下,N1处理显著大于N0处理。在不同土层中,在相同施氮条件下,随着施磷量的增加,苜蓿细根现存量在0~30 cm土层中呈先增... 相似文献
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通过研究不同氮素水平下滴灌苜蓿叶片形态特征、光合日变化规律,分析不同施氮水平下滴灌苜蓿光合日变化、叶片形态与干物质产量的关系,以期进一步揭示施氮对紫花苜蓿干物质及产量形成的影响机制,进而为优化实际生产中紫花苜蓿的氮管理策略提供理论依据。采用单因素随机区组设计,设置0(CK)、60(N1)、120(N2)和180kg·hm-2(N3)共4个施氮水平,在紫花苜蓿初花期对光合日变化、叶片形态、叶片氮含量和苜蓿产量构成进行测定。结果表明,施氮处理下苜蓿的叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率均高于不施氮处理,施氮处理的苜蓿叶片胞间CO2浓度低于不施氮处理。对净光合速率和蒸腾速率综合影响最大的环境因子是光合有效辐射。随着施氮量的增加,紫花苜蓿的叶长、叶宽、叶面积、比叶重,以及叶片干重、茎秆干重、干物质产量、叶片氮含量、淀粉和可溶性糖含量均呈先增加后降低的趋势。不同施氮水平下,对叶片形态结构影响最大的为叶面积,其次分别为比叶重、叶长和叶宽,对苜蓿干物质产量影响从大到小依次为叶片氮含量>... 相似文献
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为了探究不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)生产性能和越冬能力的差异,本研究以国内外26个不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,对紫花苜蓿生长性状、营养品质、越冬率及其综合评价进行研究。结果表明:紫花苜蓿的单株生物量、株高、茎粗、粗蛋白含量随着秋眠级的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势,而茎叶比、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量随秋眠级的升高呈先降低后增加的趋势,越冬率则随着秋眠级的升高呈逐渐下降的趋势。主成分分析综合评价得分由高到低依次为秋眠级4级>3级>2级>5级>6级>8级>7级>9级>10级,聚类分析表明秋眠级4级和3级紫花苜蓿为综合指标最优的一类。因此,秋眠级4级的紫花苜蓿最接近理想品种,其次为秋眠级3级,上述2个秋眠级紫花苜蓿均适合在新疆石河子地区种植。 相似文献
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This research explored the effect of different levels of phosphorus application on diurnal variation in photosynthesis and partitioning of photosynthetic products in alfalfa under drip irrigation. In particular, the relationship between photosynthetic product levels in the plant and leaf photosynthetic parameters of alfalfa was clarified. Four phosphorus(P2O5)application levels of 0(CK),50(P1),100(P2)and 150 kg·ha-1(P3)were used as treatments in a field experiment. Leaf photosynthetic parameters were measured with a Li-6400 portable photosynthesis instrument on sunny days from 10:00-20:00 during the early flowering stage,together with environment factors and sugar and starch content in the leaves,stems and roots. A feature of the results was a ‘photosynthetic noon-break’phenomenon across all phosphorus application treatments,and stomatal limitation was the main factor responsible for the mid-day decline of net photosynthetic rate (Pn). Photosynthetically active radiation had the greatest impact on the Pn of alfalfa leaves,while atmospheric CO2 concentration,atmospheric temperature,and atmospheric environmental factors such as relative humidity and vapor pressure deficit based on leaf temp also affected Pn. Principal component analysis showed that alfalfa photosynthetic efficiency in the four P-treatments ranked P2>P1>P3>CK. At the 100 kg·ha-1 phosphorus level(compared to CK),the hay yield of alfalfa was increased significantly,the soluble sugar contents of leaves,stems,and roots were increased by 11. 6%,5. 0% and 4. 6%,respectively,and the starch contents were increased by 15. 2%,9. 6% and 5. 3%,respectively. Higher overall levels of soluble sugar and starch typically manifested as greater concentration increases in leaves,and relatively smaller increases in roots and stems. The diurnal troughs in Pn,transpiration rate,leaf internal CO2 concentration and water use efficiency(WUE)of alfalfa leaves were less marked in the P treatments,compared with the control treatment. Therefore,appropriate phosphorus application can increase the photosynthetic efficiency of alfalfa leaves,thereby significantly promoting crop growth and development. At the phosphorus(P2O5)application rate of 100 kg·ha-1(P2),the alfalfa photosynthetic enhancement effect was the most pronounced. © 2022 Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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为探究不同施磷量对滴灌紫花苜蓿根际土壤微环境及干草产量的影响,试验设置4个施磷(P2O5)梯度:0(P0),50(P1),100(P2)和150 kg·hm-2(P3),采用滴灌模式随水滴施,测定紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物数量、酶活性、土壤理化性质及干草产量,并进行综合分析。结果表明,紫花苜蓿根际土壤真菌、放线菌数量及脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性在P2处理下达到最大值,分别为6.04,6.15 lg cfu·g-1及933.54,945.91 U·g-1·d-1;细菌数量在P3处理达到最大值,为7.14 lg cfu·g-1;碱性磷酸酶活性在P1处理达到最大值,为14 939.80 U·g-1·d-1。根际土壤全磷及有效磷含量随着施磷量的增加呈逐渐增加... 相似文献
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为探讨滴灌条件下不同花期紫花苜蓿的农艺性状特征,明确苜蓿各农艺性状指标与干草产量之间的关系,本研究选取苜蓿生长的4个花期,即孕蕾盛期(S1)、初花前期(开花5%,S2)、初花后期(开花10%,S3)和盛花期(开花50%,S4),进行苜蓿不同花期的株高、茎粗、茎叶比及干草产量的测定。结果表明:相同茬次,随着花期的推进,苜蓿的株高、茎粗、茎叶比及干草产量均呈逐渐增大的趋势,且盛花期各指标均显著大于孕蕾盛期(P<0.05)。紫花苜蓿的总干草产量为S2(刈割5茬)最大,其次分别为S3、S4、S1。不同花期滴灌苜蓿各农艺性状与苜蓿干草产量的关联度不同,相同花期,茎粗与苜蓿干草产量的关联度最大。在盛花期(开花50%,S4)刈割有利于苜蓿单茬干草产量的提高,但实际生产中往往还需要考虑苜蓿的营养品质、年总干草产量及刈割成本。因此,可适当提前刈割期,在初花后期(开花10%)刈割效果最佳。 相似文献
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