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Components of the energy and heat balances were examined in two maize hybrids grown at three different plant densities (40, 70 and 100 thousand plants per hectare). One of the hybrids was drought tolerant, while the other was bred for cultivation under irrigated conditions. An increase in plant density influenced not only the size of the leaf area, but also the distribution of the leaves at various plant heights. The extinction coefficient, which provides a quantification of radiation penetration, was higher in the irrigated treatments. By contrast to the other two treatments, the plant canopy in the thinly sown stands remained open throughout the vegetation period, and thus behaved quite differently to the closed stands, making it impossible to compare them. Smaller albedo values were recorded for the hybrid bred for irrigation and in thinly sown stands. The low plant density allowed more energy to reach the soil, from which it was reflected, making a considerable contribution to the final temperature in the stand. The latent heat, in keeping with the quantity of water transpired, was the greatest in the densely sown stands. There was little difference between the latent heat values of the normal and dense stands in either hybrid, indicating that they both had a similar sensitivity to increased stand density. If sufficient water is available it would appear that the stand density could be increased even for the drought-tolerant hybrid. 相似文献
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将马立克氏病死鸡的皮肤或羽囊捣碎,制成MD琼扩抗原。试验结果表明,自制MD皮肤和羽囊琼扩抗原与标准抗的检测MD抗体的敏感性和特异性相同,但皮肤琼扩抗原制造方法相对比较简单,产量也较高。 相似文献
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Development, survival, reproduction rate, and population growth parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Hom.: Aphididae) were evaluated on four different apricot cultivars (Tyrinte, Sakıt, Colomer, and Bebeco) under
field conditions in the Van region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out on exterior leaves of trees, 1.5–2 m above the
ground. Plexiglas clip-cells (25×6 mm) with the upper side covered by muslin were used in the experiments. The mealy plum
aphid performed better on Tyrinte than on the other cultivars tested. The fastest development time (first instar to adult;
9.4 days), highest daily reproduction rate (2.6 offspring/aphid/day), and highest total fecundity (48.1 offspring/aphid) were
obtained on Tyrinte. The intrinsic rate of increase — a good indicator of the growth potential of a population — of individuals
fed on Tyrinte was significantly greater than that of individuals fed on cvs. Colomer and Bebeco. While mean generation times
(T
o
) of populations on different cultivars were close to each other, the net reproductive rate was the highest (29.45 offspring/aphid/generation)
on Tyrinte and the population doubling time on Tyrinte was 18.7%, 25.2% and 26.3% faster than those of individuals on other
cultivars tested. The results obtained in this study indicated that Tyrinte appeared to be the most susceptible to the mealy
plum aphid among the cultivars tested.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org. posting Nov. 23, 2004. 相似文献
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利用RT-PCR检测库尔勒香梨苹果茎痘病毒的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以库尔勒香梨新鲜、冷藏、冷冻叶片和皮层为材料,对提取双链RNA (dsRNA)的2种方法和提取总RNA的3种方法进行了分析比较,并对总RNA的提取方法进行了改进,获得了纯度较高、完整性较好的dsRNA和总RNA,在此基础上进行了反转录(RT)和PCR扩增。在国内首次完成了对苹果茎痘病毒(ASPV)的RT-PCR检测,建立了ASPV有效RT-PCR反应体系。用此体系扩增到ASPV一个长约316 bp的片段。实验表明以dsRNA和总RNA为模板均能成功进行RT-PCR检测,且dsRNA优于总RNA。 相似文献
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高含沙水流水轮机转轮的改型与抗磨蚀研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
进行高含沙水流水轮机转轮的改型研究,关键是要从正确确定转轮设计参数和轴面流道型式入手,根据三维水力设计理论,考虑导叶与转轮匹配关系进行叶型设计,针对不同破坏机理选择强磨蚀区采用金属喷涂或非金属保护等综合措施,使水轮机在高舍沙水流中运行时出力增加、抗磨蚀能力提高。 相似文献
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厌氧悬浮颗粒污泥床同时反硝化产甲烷研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用厌氧悬浮颗粒污泥床反应器,以自配水为基质,通过微生物的反硝化作用和产甲烷作用成功实现了在单级反应器中去除硝酸盐和水中有机质的目的。反应器开始接种的污泥是产甲烷颗粒污泥,通过不断提高进水中硝酸盐的浓度,使厌氧颗粒污泥逐渐适应水中的硝酸盐,反硝化剩余的有机碳源转化为甲烷气体。在硝酸盐负荷为0.75kgN03^- -N·m^-3d^-1和COD负荷为14.1kgCOD·m^-3d^-1的稳态下,硝酸盐和有机碳的去除率分别为99.5%和90.1%以上。对反应器产生的气体所进行的气体组成测试表明,加入的硝酸盐全部转化为氮气,这一结果表明发生了真正的反硝化反应。 相似文献
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