真菌对东北白桦木材化学成分的影响

为分析真菌对东北白桦木材化学成分的影响,有效的防治白桦木材变色,本研究对2种变色真菌引起的变色白桦木材A、B、C的化学成分进行了分析,结果表明,变色木材中的木素、a-纤维素含量基本未变,半纤维素含量降低。而聚戊糖由16.83%,分别降低到15.31%、15.31%及15.51%,通过冷热水、1%氢氧化钠、苯醇抽提物分析可见,4种抽提物含量增加明显,表明低分子化合物及糖类、可溶性无机盐等是变色真菌的营养源。对真菌间作用的分析结果表明,2种变色真菌间存在竞争关系,由此可以寻求防治变色的一条新途——生物防变色。     

吡虫啉与三种拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂对马铃薯桃蚜的联合毒力

本文探讨了吡虫啉分别与氰戊菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯复配对马铃薯桃蚜的防治效果,为合理有效地应用复配剂对其进行化学防治提供依据。应用共毒因子法和共毒系数法分别确定了最佳药剂配伍和最佳复配比例。采用共毒因子法测定结果表明,吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯混配对马铃薯桃蚜防治有明显增效作用。进一步采用共毒系数法测定表明,吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯复配比例为2∶3时,增效作用最显著,共毒系数达276.82;吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯以6∶1复配时,表现出拮抗作用。     

Interleukin-1β inhibits AKT to down-regulate eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM To investigate whether interleukin-1β （IL-1β） regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） phosphorylation at Ser1177 site in human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS The HUVECs were randomly divided into normal control group, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） group, IL-1β group, IL-6 group, SC79 ［protein kinase B （PKB/AKT） specific agonist］ group and SC79+IL-1β group. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of eNOS, p-eNOS-Ser1177, AKT and p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs. Chemical colorimetry was used to detect the nitric oxide （NO） content in the culture medium of HUVECs. RESULTS No statistically significant difference of p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in HUVECs treated with TNF-α and IL-6 was observed as compared with normal control group （P>0.05）, while the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in the HUVECs and the content of NO in the culture medium of HUVECs decreased significantly in IL-1β group （P<0.05）, and the protein level of p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs was decreased as compared with normal control group （P<0.05）. The AKT agonist SC79 blocked the down-regulation effect of IL-1β on p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in the HUVECs and NO content in the culture medium of HUVECs （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION IL-1β down-regulates the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in HUVECs and affects the activity of eNOS, which may be involved in AKT/eNOS signaling pathway.     

5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜室内毒力及田间防效

为了明确5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜的适宜施药剂量,开展了室内毒力测定和田间药效试验.结果 表明,1％甲维盐EC对枸杞棉蚜的毒力最高,50％噻虫嗪WG毒力最低,24 h LC50分别为2.44 mg/L和1875.69 mg/L.5种药剂毒力大小依次为甲维盐＞啶虫脒＞吡蚜酮＞呋虫胺＞噻虫嗪.田间试验结果表明,随着施药时间的延长,...     

黄河流域传统果园发展现状及旅游发展潜力分析

全国重要农业文化遗产系统构成了令人叹为观止的优美人文景观,展现着传统农业生态多样性、生态系统适应性和珍贵的文化遗产。这些世代相传的农业系统构成了当代和未来农业创新和技术的基石。已公布的37个传统果园类全国重要农业文化遗产地,有14个沿黄河流域分布,是我国果业重要的发源地。拟以黄河流域的传统果园为研究对象,系统梳理其发展历史、现状及传统果园农耕系统,同时重点分析黄河流域主要果品的区位发展优劣势,最后结合传统果园的人文价值和区域经济发展因素等,综合探索传统果园的传承和利用途径,为我国果业发展提供传统农业系统和技术创新基础,也为传统果园的保护和传承发展以及农业管理部门挖掘和健全果园文化遗产保护机制提供参考。     

藤编原料植物青藤的扦插繁殖试验初报

本试验开展了青藤扦插繁殖试验,通过扦插季节、植物生长调节剂、遮阳对比试验,总结出了青藤的扦插繁殖技术,既可以解决藤编原料问题,同时又能达到保护野生植物资源的目的。     

Turn Red Plum Cultivation and Management Techniques

转紫红是陕西省米脂地区的一个乡土树种,特别适应本地的自然环境,而且栽培价值高,除成片大面积栽培外,也适于群众家前屋后散生栽培.     

Occurrence of Honeysuckle Yellow Vein Virus (HYVV) containing a monopartite DNA-A genome in Korea

Two newly emerged begomoviruses were isolated from naturally infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants grown in greenhouses at Jeju Island and Dangjin in Korea and their genomes were characterized. These viruses-infected plants had very small leaves that curled upward, yellow margins and a leathery appearance, and a bushy and stunted appearance with short internodes. Nucleotide (nt) sequence analysis of their genomes showed that they have a DNA-A component of a monopartite begomovirus. Their genomes comprised 2763 and 2764 nucleotides with six open reading frames. The results of nt sequence similarity analysis of DNA-A genome between the two Korean isolates and isolates of Tobacco leaf curl Japan virus (TbLCJV), Honeysuckle yellow vein virus (HYVV), Honeysuckle yellow vein mosaic virus (HYVMV), and Eupatorium yellow vein virus in Japan (EpYVV) showed that they are likely similar to HYVV-[Masuda] (89.4–92.8% nt identity). Consequently, we tentatively propose the two isolates’ names as HYVV-Jeju and -DJ according to the ICTV geminivirus rules. Phylogenetic relationship analysis of 33 DNA-A genome sequences using PAUP* 4.0b10 and MrBayes revealed that HYVV-Jeju and -DJ belong to the Far East Asian begomovirus species complex. Within the Far East Asian begomovirus species complex, HYVV-Jeju and -DJ are distantly related to EpYVV, HYVMV, and TbLCJV groups. Based on the presence of a recombination fragment spanning the C3 ORF, a recombinant origin was suggested for both HYVV-Jeju and –DJ, with parents close to Japanese isolates HYVMV-[SP1:00] and Eupatorium yellow vein virus (EpYVV)-[Suya]. In addition, the presence of a further recombination fragment spanning the IR suggested the parents of HYVV-DJ were close to HYVV-Jeju and EpYVV-[Suya].     

两个玉米自交系对纹枯病的抗病反应机制初探

玉米纹枯病是由立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)引起的一种重要病害。具有优良性状的自交系是开展玉米抗病品种选育的重要种质资源。本试验以西南地区两个优良玉米自交系R08与18-599R为材料,采用人工接种R.solani菌丝融合群AG1-IA,对成株期玉米进行了抗性鉴定,并对病原菌诱导后苗期玉米叶片上的活性氧(ROS)、抗病相关基因(PR1、ZmDREB2A、ZmERF3和WIP1)表达及细胞坏死情况进行了动态检测。结果显示,R08对纹枯病表现为中抗,而18-599R为高感材料;受R.solani侵染后,玉米叶片ROS的积累在R08中较18-599R多;两个自交系中基因表达量及表达时间存在显著差异;R08叶片出现显著的细胞坏死反应,而18-599R相对较轻。本研究表明两个自交系对R.solani的抗性差异主要体现在相关抗病反应的时间和强度上,这为进一步研究玉米纹枯病抗病机理提供了依据。     

保鲜剂对贮运过程中哈密瓜品质的影响

以‘西州密25号’为试验材料,研究了经保鲜剂处理的哈密瓜‘西州密25号’在短途运输过程中可溶性固形物含量、失重率、硬度、腐烂率的变化情况。结果表明,经保鲜剂处理的哈密瓜的可溶性固形物含量(17.94%)低于未处理的(18.16%)、A组的腐烂率(20%)低于对照组(60%),此外保鲜剂的使用还可以抑制果肉硬度和果实质量的下降,从而延长货架期,保持优良品质,保证商家的利益。