响应面优化早花忍冬组培苗增殖培养条件

本试验以早花忍冬组培苗的茎段为试验材料,采用Box-Behnken响应面设计法优化早花忍冬茎段继代培养的条件,为早花忍冬组培离体快繁体系建立提供了参考依据.通过单因素试验法确定激素的添加范围,通过响应面优化得到最佳的增殖培养基.结果表明:激素种类对早花忍冬组培苗茎段继代培养的影响顺序依次为:6-BA＞IAA＞IBA,并且在6-BA浓度为1.9 mg/L、IBA浓度为0.76 mg/L、IAA浓度为0.27 mg/L时,茎段继代培养的增殖系数为7.66,与方程预测值相接近.     

乡土物种补播对青藏高原高寒草甸群落稳定性的影响

为了探究高寒草甸天然草地补播乡土物种对草地群落稳定性的影响，本试验以垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）、异针茅（Stipa aliena）、中华羊茅（Festuca sinensis）、溚草（Koeleria cristata）、星星草（Puccinellia tenuiflora）、扁蓿豆（Melissitus rutenica）、冷地早熟禾（Poa crymophila）为试验材料，设置5种混播组合，于2017年在青海省贵南县天然草地上进行补播。试验采用方差比率法（Variance ratio，VR）、M.Godron贡献定率法（Contribution law）以及生物量稳定性分析方法，结果表明：5种组合补播后使得群落联结性降低、生物量稳定性增大，群落整体稳定性增强，正向着稳定方向发展；5种组合中，组合D （扁蓿豆+星星草+垂穗披碱草+异针茅+溚草）的生物量稳定性最大，是对草地恢复最有效的物种组合。本试验筛选出了对草地生态修复最有效的物种组合，为草地保护及利用提供了科学依据。     

香蕉新品种‘南天红’

香蕉新品种‘南天红’由‘南天黄’的自然突变选育而成。假茎平均高度2.59 m，幼树假茎外表面暗红色，抽蕾后转绿。雄花苞片外表面常为深红色，花苞卷曲，常不脱落；从种植到收获11 ~ 13个月，单株产量25 kg，品质好。中高抗香蕉枯萎病4号小种，采用配套的栽培技术可在所有香蕉种植区推广。     

山下黑猪与鲁莱黑猪正反交F1代杂种优势的估计

旨在估计山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪正反交F₁代杂种优势，筛选出合适的杂交方式，以提高优质肉猪的生产效率，满足人们对于优质猪肉的需求。本研究在山下黑猪（164头）和鲁莱黑猪（69头）及其正（6头山下黑猪♂×25头鲁莱黑猪♀）、反（3头鲁莱黑猪♂×35头山下黑猪♀）交4个群体中测定了生长肥育、体尺外貌（75～110 kg）、繁殖和胴体肉质（90～115 kg）4大类共43个性状，比较了这些性状在群体间的差异，并估计了正反交F₁代的杂种优势。结果表明，山下黑猪的生长肥育和体尺性状较好，鲁莱黑猪的繁殖和肉质性状较好，正反交群体介于它们之间。正交群体的繁殖性能优于反交群体，但生长肥育性能比反交差。由于这4个群体的母猪都是纯种，因此繁殖性状没有表现出明显杂种优势。除膘厚、胸椎数、45 min pH和剪切力无显著的杂种优劣势外，大部分胴体性状和肉质性状有明显的杂种劣势。生长肥育性状的杂种优势在正反交群体中的表现不一致，反交群体表现出显著杂种优势，而正交则无明显的杂种优势。本研究估计了山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪正反交的杂种优势，为筛选山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪的最佳杂交方式奠定基础。     

1株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒的全基因组特征及其对小鼠的致病性

旨在了解河南省猪流感病毒的流行情况及其遗传进化和基因组特征。2018年4月，从河南省某一出现疑似流感症状猪群中采集鼻拭子样品150份用于分离病毒，对分离病毒的全基因组进行序列测定和分析。同时感染6周龄BALB/c小鼠，研究其对小鼠的致病性。结果显示，获得1株H1N1亚型病毒[命名为A/swine/Henan/NY20/2018（H1N1）]。遗传进化表明，其HA和NA基因属于欧亚类禽H1N1分支，PB2、PB1、PA、NP和M基因属于2009甲型H1N1分支，NS基因属于经典H1N1分支。HA蛋白的裂解位点序列为PSIQSR↓GL，具有低致病性流感病毒的分子特征，在小鼠肺和鼻甲有效复制并能引起肺组织病理学变化。本研究分离到1株3源重排H1N1亚型病毒，对小鼠呈现一定致病力，提示应进一步加强对SIV的监测。     

Identification of an H1N1 subtype of swine influenza virus and serological analysis

To investigate the epizootic of swine influenza virus(SIV), 60 nasal swabs were collected from a clinical cases of pig farm in Tai'an City, Shandong Province of China in April 2017. SIV was isolated by inoculating into 10-day-old Special Pathogen Free embryonated eggs and the whole genome was sequenced. An H1N1 subtype SIV was isolated and designated as A/swine/Shandong/TA04/2017(H1N1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that apart from the polymerase A(PA) fragment belonging to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 branch, seven genome segments belonged to avian-like H1N1 influenza virus lineage. The cleavage site sequence of the hemagglutinin(HA) protein was PSIQSR↓G, which is a typical molecular biological characteristic. Five potential N-glycosylation sites(N14, N26, N277, N484 and N543) were found in the HA gene. To further investigate the epidemiology of SIV in this farm, the 995 serum samples were assessed with EAH1N1 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H3 N2 antigens. The results showed that the total positive rate was 65.43%. The positive rates of single virus infection detected by EAH1N1, 2009 pdmH1N1 and H3 N2 for serum HI(Hemagglutination inhibition) were 48.35, 30.85 and 7.47%, respectively. The results showed that SIV in Shandong Province has been reassorted in some segments and the SIV-positive rate was high on the SIV outbreak farm. These data provide evidence of an epizootic of SIV.     

The microbial diversity and structure in peatland forest in Indonesia

The microbial community structure and function under forest in tropical peatlands are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the microbial community structure and diversity in natural peat swamp forest soil, disturbed peat soil and mineral soil in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, using 454 pyrosequencing. The results showed that the natural peat soil had the greatest fungal species richness (Chao1), which was significantly (p < .05) larger than that in the other two soils. Community structure of both fungi and bacteria in natural peat soil differed significantly from that in the disturbed peat soil (p = .039 and p = .045, respectively). Ascomycota (40.5%) was the most abundant phylum across the three soils followed by Basidiomycota (18.8%), Zygomycota (<0.1%) and Glomeromycota (<0.1%). The linear discriminant analysis with effect size (LEfSe) showed that Ascomycota (p < .05) and genus Gliocephalotrichum (p < .05) dominated in natural peat soil. Functionally, pathotrophs were more abundant in disturbed peat soil (p < .05). Proteobacteria (43.8%) were the most abundant phylum followed by Acidobacteria (32.6%), Actinobacteria (9.8%), Planctomycetes (1.7%). Methylocystis, Telmatospirillum, Syntrophobacter, Sorangium and Opitutus were the more abundant genera in disturbed peat soil, whereas Nevskia and Schlesneria were more abundant in mineral soil and natural peat soil, respectively. The natural peat forest soil supported a more diverse microbiology; however, the land use of such a soil can change its microbial community structure. The results provide evidence that the disturbance of tropical peat land could lead to the introduction and spread of a large number of fungal diseases     

水霉属菌(Saprolegnia)分离培养技术研究

 对水霉(Saprolegnia)的分离培养技术进行了探索,筛选出大麻籽、油菜籽、红花籽、苍蝇、蚜虫、小麦粒、玉米片、茶叶、葵花仁9种材料作为诱发水霉菌的诱饵。其中油菜籽能防止腐霉菌(Pythium)污染,是初步纯化菌种、排除杂菌的适宜饵料。同时发现控制温度能使水霉在最短时间内分别产生无性或有性繁殖。在水培条件下,25℃左右适合菌丝及无性器官的发育,有性器官却不能产生,而只有在15~17℃条件下才能使水霉很快进入有性生殖阶段;在加入200mg/L链霉素的CMA培养基上促发有性阶段则需要在25℃左右的温度下进行,方能缩短培养时间。     

阔叶树种的研究现状与江西研究的发展方向

通过对阔叶树种在我国及江西省的研究状况的论述，初步总结了阔叶树种的研究水平及研究方向，指出了江西省阔叶树种研究存在的问题，探讨了江西省今后阔叶树种研究的方向。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病间接ELISA诊断试剂盒的研制及初步应用

采用vero细胞增殖的IBDV抗原建立了间接ELISA，用于定量检测IBDV抗体。对该方法进行了标准化研究，确立了该方法的最佳工作条件。在此基础上研制了相应的诊断试剂盒，并对盒内各组分的性状、保存、质量控制以及诊断试剂盒的特异性、敏感性、可重复性、符合率、与国外同类产品的比较、保存期等进行了全面、详细的研究。结果表明，研制的试剂盒在-20℃保存至6个月时各项性能都很好。该试剂盒与进口试刺盒对同样血清样品检测，符合率为86．7％。间接ELISA试剂盒与琼扩试验的符合率为92，5％。该试刺盒可对大量血清样品进行检测，操作简单方便、结果特异性强、敏感性高、快速，更适合于大型鸡场IBD免疫抗体水平的监测及现地疫病诊断等需要。