Effects of Sini decoction on atherosclerosis and ceramide content of aorta in rabbits

AIM:To observe the effects of Sini decoction on atherosclerosis(AS) and ceramide content of aorta in rabbits. METHODS:28 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Control group was fed with a normal diet; High cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet; Sini decotion+ high cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet plus Sini decotion (4.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1). At the end of study, the plaque area were measured, the atorta ceramide and cell apoptosis were also detected. RESULTS:Sini decotion diminished lipid plaque area on the aortic endothelium, reduced the levels of aorta ceramide and the apoptosis index. CONCLUSION:Sini decoction has an inhibitory effect on AS, the mechanism may be that Sini decotion reduces concentration of ceramide in aorta.     

新农村视角下农民参与式小型水利

用水户参与式灌溉管理是我国近年来在总结本国管理体制基础上结合国际管理经验提出的一项重大改革。新时期倡导“坚持以人为本，构建和谐社会”的社会主义“新农村”建设与发展过程中，国家高度重视农村基础设施的建设发展特别是农村水利设施，那么农村小型水利工程参与式管理体制目前状况如何、今后如何围绕“新农村”发展将是新时期农村水利管理体制发展所面临和需要解决的。     

重金属致植物矿质营养元素代谢异常的生理效应

重金属胁迫会导致植物体细胞的矿质营养元素缺乏、代谢过程紊乱,甚至可引起植物的死亡。综述了重金属导致植物体的某些矿质元素代谢异常的生理效应。     

南海北部海域多齿蛇鲻的种群分析

对南海北部海域5个多齿蛇鲻地理群体(北海、湛江、茂名、东莞、汕尾)共78个个体的线粒体控制区基因序列进行了扩增测序。在78个个体的568bp序列中共检测到48个单倍型,39个变异位点。经分子变异等级分析(AMOVA)得出5个地理群体内遗传变异度为98.82%,群体间遗传变异度仅为1.18%,各群体间成对遗传变异固定指数FST值在0.00024～0.03008;78个个体间的遗传距离在0～0.025。通过对基于序列片段构建的NJ树和基于序列单倍型利用中介网络法构建的群体间关系网的分析发现,5个群体间有明显的基因交流,遗传分化差异不大;再结合种群、种及属的界定标准,判定5个多齿蛇鲻群体归属于同一种群;而且,在经历快速增长、变异和瓶颈期之后,多齿蛇鲻种群就以小群体模式继续快速增长,形成地理群体。     

Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist rosiglitazone on intestinal injury in rats undergoing orthotopic autologous liver transplantation by inhibiting inflammatory response

AIM: To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) agonist, on the expression of PPARγ, the activation of NF-κB and intestine injury in the rats undergoing orthotopic autologous liver transplantation(OALT).METHODS: Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group, sham group, OALT group and rosiglitazone(0.3 mg/kg, iv) pretreatment(ROS+OALT) group. The OALT model was established, and the intestinal tissues were collected 8 h after the liver reperfusion. The intestinal tissue sections were stained to visualize the damage. The expression of PPARγ and NF-κB in the tissues, the concentrations of diamine oxidase(DAO) and fatty acid-binding protein 2(FABP2) in the serum and the concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 in the tissues were measured.RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the intestinal mucosa of the rats showed obvious pathological injury after liver reperfusion in OALT group and ROS group, the Chiu,s scores of intestinal mucosa was significantly higher, and the serum concentrations of DAO and FABP2 increased(P<0.05). After rosiglitazone pretreatment, the injury of intestinal mucosa of the rats was alleviated, the Chiu,s scores was lower and the serum concentrations of DAO and FABP2 decreased(P<0.05), the PPARγ expression was obviously up-regulated in the intestinal tissues, the nuclear translocation of NF-κB was reduced and the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased.CONCLUSION: During perioperative period of OALT in rats, the inflammatory responses are obvious. Furthermore, obvious intestinal injury occurs. PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone obviously up-regulates PPARγ expression and inhibits the inflammation in the intestines, thus protecting against intestinal injury in rats undergoing OALT.     

果蔬源胰脂肪酶抑制剂的筛选

通过从三油酸甘油酯释放油酸的释放率来判定胰脂肪酶活性的方法,研究并比较了30种果蔬乙醇提取物的减肥作用.30种果蔬70％乙醇提取物对胰脂肪酶作用的测定结果表明:青辣椒乙醇提取物对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用最强,抑制率为46.15％,山竹提取物抑制率为29.87％,白萝卜、柠檬和圣女果提取物对胰脂肪酶的抑制率均达到20％以上.大蒜提取物对胰脂肪酶有较强的促进作用(29.64％),陈皮和山楂提取物对胰脂肪酶的促进率分别为6.38％和7.66％.     

基于井孔散射波能量的水力压裂效果评价方法

水压致裂是非常规油气开采的重要增产手段,水力压裂效果的评估对油气开采十分重要.现有的基于测井数据的水力压裂效果评价方法(如正交偶极各向异性、同位素测井等)仪能评价井壁附近的水力压裂效果.利用声波在水力压裂裂缝中传播产生背向散射波原理,提出了一种基于井孔散射波能量的水力压裂效果评价方法,建立了水力压裂随机介质模型,利用有限差分数值模拟了横波在水力压裂地层中的传播特征.数值模拟结果表明,在水力压裂区域偶极阵列波形产生了明显的散射波,声场的空间分布特征表明SH波(水平偏振横波)的散射以S-S散射为主,利用散射波的能量可以有效识别水力压裂的区域.该方法极大地提高了水力压裂效果的评价范围(井孔周围数十米范围),实际数据处理结果验证了该方法的可行性.     

3种介导猪NR2F2基因转染PK15细胞方法的比较研究

试验旨在研究3种转染方法对猪肾上皮细胞（PK15）的转染效率，为以PK15细胞为模型研究外源基因的功能提供参考。本研究以PK15细胞为研究对象，用脂质体、电穿孔、慢病毒3种转染方法转染后，在荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白的表达，采用实时荧光定量PCR检测EGFP和NR2F2基因的表达情况，采用CCK-8检测细胞存活率，进而比较3种方法的转染效果。结果显示，转染PK15细胞后，电穿孔和慢病毒方法转染效率极显著高于脂质体（P<0.01），但电穿孔方法和慢病毒方法之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；EGFP和NR2F2基因的实时荧光定量PCR结果显示慢病毒方法效果最好，脂质体方法较差，与细胞转染效率基本一致；CCK-8结果显示，电穿孔转染后细胞存活率最低，极显著低于对照组（P<0.01），脂质体方法显著低于对照组（P<0.05），慢病毒方法与对照组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。综合考虑转染效率及细胞活性，本研究认为慢病毒转染方法最适合转染PK15细胞，为今后高效转染PK15细胞提供了理想的方法。     

外源甜菜碱处理对干旱胁迫下半夏氮代谢及相关酶活性的影响

为探讨喷施外源甜菜碱溶液对干旱胁迫下半夏体内相关次生代谢产物及氮代谢相关酶活性的影响,采用盆栽控水法研究了外源甜菜碱对D(干旱处理,含水量35%±2%)、D₂₀(干旱处理并加喷20 mmol/L的甜菜碱)、D₄₀(干旱处理并加喷40 mmol/L的甜菜碱)各处理组半夏体内谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性、硝态氮、可溶性蛋白、总生物碱、鸟苷和腺苷含量的变化规律。结果表明随着干旱胁迫时间的增加,D₄₀中GOGAT活性及GS活性降低幅度均小于D、D₂₀,GDH活性呈先升高后降低的趋势,对照组(CK组,含水量75%±2%)变化不明显。在处理第9~27天时,D₄₀与D₂₀相比,总生物碱含量分别提高了6.3%,10.3%,12.3%,差异显著。腺苷和鸟苷含量随时间增加呈上升趋势,且D₄₀含量均高于D₂₀,CK组含量最高,腺苷在第27天时有降低趋势。在第27天时,D₄₀可溶性蛋白含量分别比D、D₂₀提高了7.3%和3.1%。表明40 mmol/L的外源甜菜碱溶液能提高干旱胁迫条件下氮代谢相关酶的活性,从而加快无机氮的同化,有利于促进次生代谢物质的积累,同时也增强了半夏抵御干旱胁迫的能力。