结球甘蓝耐裂球性状的配合力及遗传力研究

按照Griffing双列杂交方法Ⅳ,选用6个结球甘蓝骨干自交系,配制15个杂交组合,进行耐裂球性状的配合力及其遗传力分析。结果表明：基因加性效应和非加性效应对耐裂球性状均起重要作用,且以加性效应为主,随着田间持续生长时间的延长其加性效应所占比例增加,GCA方差在总遗传方差中所占比例大,GCA/SCA值大于1,且差异达显著水平。选择耐裂球材料时,应着重一般配合力的选择,且应重视在早期世代进行选择。     

湖北省不同耕地类型小麦施肥效应研究初报

通过2011~2014年在湖北省进行的55组小麦作物"3414"肥效试验,对比分析了水田及旱地两类耕地土壤养分分布规律及氮(N)、磷(P_2O_5)、钾(K_2O)肥料的增产效应。结果表明,湖北省小麦主产区农田土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别为54.8~188.0、3.2~24.6、70.5~164.0 mg/kg,其中碱解氮平均值表现为水田旱地,有效磷、速效钾则表现为旱地水田;小麦作物增产必须依赖于氮、磷、钾肥料的合理施用,忽略湖北省各小麦主产区在作物栽培品种、土壤障碍因子及肥料施用方式等方面的差异,当水田、旱地土壤总养分(N+P_2O_5+K_2O)施用量分别为304.5、279.0 kg/hm~2,养分配比分别为1∶0.40∶0.41、1∶0.39∶0.39时,可促进作物增产分别达118.06%、71.63%。     

水处理设备的单片微机控制器

介绍了用 89C2 0 51单片机系统对水处理设备工作的控制 ,使水处理设备能全面、可靠、无人值守地工作 ,达到智能的档次 .文中描述了水处理设备控制器的软件设计和硬件设计     

鹅副粘病毒病油乳剂灭活苗的研究

鹅副粘病毒病是1997年本组王永坤等首先发现的一种新的鹅烈性传染病，发病率和死亡率分别达27.7%和18.2%。为了控制该病的流行传播，本课题组在研究该病的病原特性和防制方法的基础上，尽快研制了油乳灭活疫苗。从该疫苗的免疫结果观察，疫苗在免疫后第七天即可产生抗体（平均为2^3.9)，15天达到2^6.7，30天可达到2^8.8；从免疫保护试验看，免疫后15天，用强毒攻击，免疫组全部保护，而对照组5只鹅全部发病，3只死亡。从区域性中试调查结果来看，该苗安全、有效，能较好地控制该病的流行。     

南黄海春季鳀和赤鼻棱鳀的食物竞争

根据南黄海鳀(Engraulis japonicus)和赤鼻棱鳀(Thrissa kammalensis)及其饵料的碳氮稳定同位素比值,采用IsoSource软件计算了两者饵料的质量贡献比。发现二者食物来源较为一致,其中仔稚鱼对鳀和赤鼻棱鳀的质量贡献率分别为42%~50%和53%~70%,是两者的首要能量与营养源。在获得食物贡献比的基础上,分别采用食物重叠指数法、聚类分析法和稳定同位素法3种方法,针对5种不同的摄食条件,依次对鳀与赤鼻棱鳀的食物重叠度进行计算。其中在饵料平均贡献比条件下,3种方法的计算结果相差不大,都在70%左右,计算偏差≤5%。研究结果表明,两者的食物竞争主要是针对仔稚鱼展开的,两者间存在显著的食物竞争关系。     

Response of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells under acute hypoxic condition

AIM:To observe the response of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) under acute hypoxic condition. METHODS:The cultured PASMCs were under normoxic (35 ℃, 5% CO2, 21% O2, 74% N2) or acute hypoxic (35℃, 5% CO2, 1% O2, 94% N2) condition. The cells were incubated with molecular probes chloromethyl dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCF/DA) and RedoxSensor Red CC-1 to detect the ROS generation by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The mitochondria were isolated and mitochondrial inhibitors were used to detect the ROS generation functional unit sites by spectrophotometry under acute hypoxic condition. RESULTS:Under acute hypoxic condition, the intracellular ROS was significantly increased in hypoxia group with 3.35 folds higher of H2O2 than that in normoxia group. The contents of H2O2 and O-·2 in hypoxia group were 1.61 folds higher than those in normoxia group. Compare with hypoxia goup, pretreatment with the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I inhibitor MPP, the complex II inhibitors NPA and TTFA as well as the complex III pre-ubisemiquinone site inhibitor myxothiazol all remarkably reduced hypoxia-induced increase in ROS generation in PASMCs (reduced by 60%, 73%, 75% and 61%, respectively, P<0.01), whereas the complex III postubisemiquinone site inhibitor antimycin A and the complex IV inhibitor NaN3 had no effect on hypoxia-induced increase in ROS generation (increased by 13% and 9.1%, respectively, P>0.05). Direct detection of mitochondrial ROS showed the same results as the intracellular ROS. CONCLUSION: The intracellular ROS increases significantly in rat PASMCs under acute hypoxic condition. The mitochondrial ETC complex I, complex II and complex III pre-ubisemiquinone sites increase ROS generation, whereas the complex III postubisemiquinone site and complex IV do not produce this effect under acute hypoxic condition.     

不同林分类型土壤水分物理性质及其海拔效应——以浙江省凤阳山为例

以浙江省凤阳山常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林为例,通过野外调查和室内测定土壤容重、土壤孔隙度及土壤含水量等,研究了中亚热带主要林分类型的土壤水分物理性质及其海拔影响.结果表明,在0-60 cm土层中,随着深度的增加土壤容重逐渐增大,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量逐渐减小.在海拔300～I 355 m高程范围随着海拔升高土壤容重平均值逐渐减小,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量、土壤贮水量平均值均增大;土壤排水能力平均值为:海拔900 m＞海拔600 m＞海拔1 355 m＞海拔300 m.同一海拔4种林分类型土壤容重平均值:人工杉木林＞针阔混交林＞人工柳杉林＞常绿阔叶混交林;土壤总孔隙度、土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量、土壤贮水量平均值均表现为人工柳杉林优于其他3种林分类型;土壤排水能力平均值表现为:常绿阔叶混交林＞人工杉木林＞人工柳杉林＞针阔混交林.综合分析,同一海拔常绿阔叶林水源涵养及保持水土能力要高于人工柳杉林.     

香蕉粘胶纤维结构与吸湿性能研究

以香蕉粘胶纤维、普通粘胶纤维、Tencel纤维为原料,采用烘箱干燥法和回归模型分析法,对不同材料进行了吸湿、放湿测试与分析。结果表明：香蕉粘胶纤维具有良好的吸湿性和放湿性,香蕉菠萝粘胶纤维吸湿率20.5 %、放湿回潮率26.3 %;普通粘胶纤维吸湿率18.5 %、放湿回潮率24.6 %;Tencel纤维回潮率17.1 %、放湿回潮率23.4 %,香蕉粘胶纤维的吸湿速率略高于普通粘胶纤维,Tencel纤维最低;放湿速率香蕉粘胶纤维最高,Tencel纤维粘胶纤维居中,普通粘胶纤维最低。     

Biodegradation of Phenol by a Novel Isolated Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. CN 6

A strain that have capable of metabolizing phenol as a sole source of carbon and energy sources was isolated from an sludge collected from textile chemical plant in Taiwan. It was identified as Pseudomonas sp. based on its morphology, physiological, biochemical characteristics with an automatic biometrical system and the 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It is shown that the biodegradation of phenol was optimized at culture medium pH 8.5 and 30℃.Under the condition, the strain degraded phenol completely within 17h even though the initial phenol level was high to 500 mg/L. With the study of dynamic growth kinetics of suspended cells, the value of μmax, KS and KI were found to be 0.452 h-1, 28.617 mg/L, 782.4 mg/L for strain CN 6 degrading phenol using Haldane's inhibition kinetic models.     

河南仰韶村遗址不同功能区土壤特征研究

为全面了解仰韶文化时期古人类不同活动内容和程度,在仰韶村遗址内分别采集古人类遗址不同功能区(地基、饮食、瓮棺、陶窑)和未受到古人类活动干扰的土壤剖面(简称自然剖面)土样,进行色度、磁化率、颗粒组成、游离铁、矿质全量、土壤微形态分析,通过与自然剖面数据比较,获知古人类不同活动对土壤的影响程度。结果显示,在地基区,黏粒含量最高,CaO含量较高,P含量最高,土壤微形态显示了古人类在石灰面中加入多种不同的集料。在饮食区,土壤微形态显示炭屑含量丰富,且排列呈现一定方向。在瓮棺区,χ_fd为最大值,游离铁和游离度均为最大值。在陶窑区,χ_lf为最大值,P含量较高,土壤微形态显示经过高温煅烧。结论表明,古人类选择黏土和石灰混合铺设地面,长期居住产生大量含磷物质;古人类长期在饮食区烹煮食物,并对灰烬进行清理;瓮棺中的尸体在腐烂过程中,由于土壤动物和微生物的参与,不仅增加土壤细颗粒,还促进了土壤发育;古人类烧制陶器时,可能将生活垃圾进行燃烧,因此P富集。