新疆部分地区苹果、核桃和杨树腐烂病的病原鉴定

 树木腐烂病在新疆主林果种植区均有不同程度的发生,近年呈加重趋势。本研究在调查了新疆阿克苏、和田、伊犁、喀什和库尔勒等地区苹果树、核桃树和杨树3种林果腐烂病田间发病情况的基础上,重点对14个样本点的样品进行病原物的分离与鉴定。结果表明,各样本点3种林果均有不同程度的腐烂病发生,分离鉴定结果为引起苹果树腐烂病病原菌主要为Valsa mali var. mali(分离频率为64.5%),其次是V. mali var. pyri(25.8%)、V. malicola(3.2%)和V. nivea(6.5%);引起核桃树和杨树腐烂病病原菌为V. sordida(分离频率为83.3%和96%)和V. nivea(分离频率为16.7%和4%)。离体枝条及苹果果实上的致病性测定结果表明,3种林果上分离得到的病原菌均能感染原寄主。引起新疆部分地区苹果树腐烂病的主要病原菌是Valsa mali var. mali,核桃树和杨树腐烂病的主要病原菌是V. sordida。同时,基于实际生产中存在感病枯死杨树枝干作为苹果园、核桃园树体支撑木的现象,推测3种林果腐烂病菌间可能存在交叉感染的潜在风险。     

咸淡水轮灌对土壤盐分和作物产量的影响研究

通过对100 cm深度土壤的盐分分布状况以及作物产量进行分析,结果表明,3 g/L的微咸水可以作为小麦和玉米的灌溉用水,但连续使用会导致土壤发生积盐,组合灌溉最好采用咸淡交替的方式;综合土壤的积盐状况和作物产量分析,淡淡咸的组合灌溉顺序为最优方案。     

浸种型水稻种衣剂在晚稻上的应用

为了探明浸种型水稻种衣剂对秧苗生长、苗期病虫害及产量的影响，用种庆剂宏力2号包衣杂交（常规）晚稻种子，进行了湿润育秧及大田栽培试验。结果表明：浸种型水稻种衣剂具有促进秧苗生长、防治病虫害和提高成秧率、有效穗数及产量等作用，新香优80，湘晚籼10号包衣处理的成秧率较对照分别提高8.6%和13.9%，增产5.3%和8.3%；对苗期恶苗病、稻蓟马和稻飞虱的防效分别为94.7%-98.5%,83.0%-94.9%和74.l2%-90.3%。     

春小麦不同播期对籽粒蛋白质与湿面筋含量影响的试验研究

以北疆主要春小麦品种:新春6号(中筋型)、新春8号(强筋型)、新春9号(强筋型)、Y20(强筋型)作为供试材料.2002～2003年在石河子大学农学院试验站分期播种试验,研究在新疆大陆性气候条件下不同播期对春小麦蛋白质和湿面筋含量的变化.试验表明:随着播期的推迟,春小麦蛋白质和湿面筋含量呈增加趋势,晚播的小麦蛋白质和湿面筋含量比正常播期的要高;在任一播期中,高蛋白品种的蛋白质含量始终高于低蛋白品种.但在灌浆期温度条件相差不大的情况下,灌浆期以前的温度状况对小麦蛋白质和湿面筋的形成也起着一定的作用.     

基于农户收入的农村土地流转绩效分析

运用物理动力学的分析方法,从农村土地流转的几个利益攸关方角度分析土地流转的驱动力.根据当前农村的生产实际和土地流转的特点,把农户分为两种类型,运用成本——收益法对两类农户在土地流转前后的收益进行探讨,并建立模型.结合实地调查资料,运用模型进行实证分析和讨论.得出农村土地流转是促进农户收入增加的有效措施之一.     

AL型小麦育性恢复主基因+多基因混合遗传分析

[目的]研究 AL 型雄性不育育性恢复基因的遗传模型.[方法]通过 AL 型小麦不育系(♀)与恢复系(♂)杂交,获得杂交后代分离群体,采用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分离分析法对亲本 P1 和 P2 以及杂种后代 Fl 和 F2 群体 4 个世代的育性进行分析.[结果]AL 型育性恢复基因的最适遗传模型为 E-1,育性恢复基因由两对加性-显性-上位性主基因和加性-显性多基因共同控制,主基因遗传率为 85.92;.[结论]小麦 AL 型雄性不育育性恢复基因由两对主效基因和多对微效基因控制,主效基因遗传力较高,在小麦育种中有较高的利用价值.     

抗寒种衣剂对水稻秧苗抗寒性的影响

为探明抗寒种衣剂的作用效果，研究了2个早稻品种经4种抗寒种衣剂（代码分别为HET，YKJ，YKZYJ和ABA）包衣处理后在寒流低温胁迫下（8-10℃，4d）秧苗的生长和若干生理效应．结果表明，在低温胁迫下，抗寒种衣剂处理使成苗率、单株根数、百株鲜、干重增加，根系活力和叶绿素含量维持较高水平，苗体内蛋白质降解延缓，可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸大量积累，受害株率大幅下降，说明抗寒种衣剂增强了秧苗抵抗低温胁迫的能力．4种抗寒种衣剂的抗寒效果以YKZYJ种衣剂最优，YKJ和ABA种衣剂次之，HET种衣剂再次之．     

Effect of mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channels opening on translocation of protein kinase C epsilon in cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes

AIM: To investigate the effects of mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium (MitoKATP) channel opening on translocation of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) and the relationship between the translocation of PKCε and the production of reactive oxygen species. METHODS: The expression of PKCε in cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes was investigated with immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques. RESULTS: （1） Diazoxide, a selective MitoKATP channel opener, caused a significant translocation to myofibrillar-like structures in cultured adult rat ventricular myocytes. (2) The N-2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG), a free radical scavenger, partly inhibited the translocation of PKCε caused by diazoxide. (3) Chelerythrine, a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, completely blocked the translocation of PKCε caused by diazoxide. CONCLUSION: Opening of MitoKATP channel might activate PKCε and make it translocation to myofibrillar-like structures. PKCε activation occurs downstream of MitoKATP channel, and might be caused by production of reactive oxygen species after opening of MitoKATP channel.     

Comparative phosphoproteome analysis of cardiomyocytes preconditioned by diazoxide

AIM: To analyze and identify the phosphoproteins associated with diazoxide preconditioning. METHODS: Proteomics technique was used to investigate the changes of phosphoprotein after diazoxide preconditioning. Adult rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated in the presence and absence of 200 μmol/L diazoxide for 10 min. Phosphoproteins prepared and enriched respectively from control and diazoxide pretreated groups were then separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and stained with sliver staining kit. Phosphoproteins of interest were further identified by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Associated with diazoxide preconditioning, the proteins of chaperonin containing TCP-1 and hypothetical protein XP_346548 were phosphorylated significantly. The proteins of 94 kD glucose-regulated protein, calpactin I heavy chain and ferritin were dephosphorylated markedly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes undergo significant posttranslational modification via phosphorylation in a multitude of proteins in response to diazoxide preconditioned signaling, which may mediate myocardioprotection signaling downstream mitochondrial staining dish K_ATP channel induced by ischemic preconditioning.