冬春季莱芜黑山羊松果体功能状态的免疫组织化学比较

应用5-HT免疫组织化学染色法，对冬春两季的莱芜黑山羊松果体进行了观察比较，以探讨松果体与下丘脑垂体-性腺轴的关系。结果显示，莱芜黑山羊松果体内存在大量5-HT阳性的松果体细胞及5-HT纤维；冬季松果体阳性细胞面积及阳性面积比都明显大于春季（P〈0．01），平均光密度在冬、春季间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。表明莱芜黑山羊松果体的功能活动呈现季节性变化，与羊的繁殖活动关系密切。     

The fate of fluroxypyr in the soil in an oil palm agroecosystem

A study on the fate of fluroxypyr in Malaysian agricultural soils was carried out under natural conditions in an oil palm plantation. Three experimental plots in the oil palm estate were selected and three types of treatments were administered, namely fluroxypyr at the recommended dosage, double the recommended rate, and the untreated control. Residues of fluroxypyr in the soil, water, and oil palm leaf were monitored at regular intervals up to 90 days after treatment (DAT). The recovery of fluroxypyr in the water and soil samples ranged from 91–102% when fortified at 1–25 p.p.b. and 91–98% when fortified at 4–50 p.p.b. The recovery from the oil palm leaf ranged from 76–114% when the oil palm leaf sample was fortified at 0.05–1.0 p.p.m. The results showed that fluroxypyr leached down to 50 cm depth at 1 DAT when the plots were treated with either dosage. However, fluroxypyr was not detected in the soil residue at 14 and 21 DAT. Fluroxypyr was not detected in the oil palm leaf samples irrespective of the rates of herbicide application or sampling intervals. The residue of fluroxypyr was detected in water from a nearby stream up to 5 DAT at levels ranging from 0.06–0.21 µg L⁻¹. This result suggests that fluroxypyr persists for a short period in the soil and water ecosystems, but not in the oil palm leaf.     

水稻不同品种或组合对甲磺隆耐药性差异的机制研究

以水稻乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)比活力为研究对象,通过在离体和活体条件下比较其对甲磺隆的敏感性水平,探讨了水稻不同品种或组合的耐药性差异机制。结果表明,离体条件下不同水稻品种或组合ALS对甲磺隆均较敏感,当甲磺隆浓度为100 μg/L时,对ALS比活力抑制率达60%以上,且活力百分比与甲磺隆浓度对数成直线负相关关系,相关程度显著或极显著;活体条件下ALS活力均受到甲磺隆不同程度的抑制,但同一品种ALS活力不随甲磺隆浓度的变化而呈现规律性变化。在甲磺隆浓度相同时,活体条件下所有供试水稻品种ALS活力均显著高于离体条件下的ALS活力,影响程度与植株耐药性差异基本一致,说明甲磺隆在水稻体内存在较强代谢失活作用,代谢失活差异是水稻不同品种或组合对甲磺隆的耐药性差异机制。     

甘肃东方蜜蜂的形态特征研究

通过测定甘肃2个不同样点的4群东方蜜蜂发现,甘肃蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富,种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性;蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深,具体是:前翅长、前翅宽、背板3,4宽;后腿长、蜡镜长、蜡镜宽、蜡镜间距、腹片3,6的长和宽逐渐增加;背板3,4、小盾片的色素度逐渐加深。这些均具有生态适应意义。     

The relation of muscle protein degradation and 26S proteasome

The ubiquitin-dependent 20s/26s proteasome system is the capital pathway of exo-lysosome proteolysis within eukaryotic cell. Under conditions of denervation, starvation, glucocorticoid, infection, tumor, burn and so on, the proteasome system was stimulated to degrade protein, which results in muscle lose fast. Glucocorticoid, insulin, thyroid hormone, TNFα and IL-1β play important roles in the regulation of muscle protein degradation and the proteasome system. Inhibition or activation of the proteasome system was approved to be a novel means of treatment with cachexia and negative nitrogen balance.     

sikFBA4基因启动子的克隆及低温表达模式分析

天山雪莲生长于常年积雪覆盖高海拔处的高山区域,具有很强的极端低温生境适应能力,属于研究植物低温适应的良好模式植物。前期的研究表明,sikFBA4基因可以显著提高番茄的抗寒能力。为进一步研究sikFBA4基因的耐寒响应模式,以天山雪莲为材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR分析sikFBA4在低温胁迫下的表达模式;利用高效热不对称PCR法(Hi-Tail PCR)克隆sikFBA4启动子序列并进行生物信息学分析。为分析PsikFBA4序列克隆的完整性及转录表达特性,将PsikFBA4与GUS基因融合在烟草中进行瞬时表达。结果表明,sikFBA4在低温胁迫条件下的表达发生瞬时显著上调,并在1 h达到峰值,而后表达下调。通过启动子克隆分析,在PsikFBA4序列-1648 bp位置处具有冷响应元件LTRE;进一步的GUS染色和酶活力测定结果表明,低温能够显著提高GUS基因的表达活性,说明sikFBA4属于低温诱导型基因。SikFBA4基因启动子的克隆、序列分析以及表达分析,为进一步探究雪莲果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶(sikFBAs)基因的表达与调控机制奠定了基础。     

山羊毛虱的形态结构和分子标志研究

为了解山羊毛虱形态结构和分子标志,用电子显微镜和三维立体显微镜观察了采自山羊的山羊毛虱形态结构,测定了其18SrDNA和cox1基因序列,并基于比对,揭示其序列特点。形态观察发现,触角3节,第1节短粗,第2、3节细长;中胸气门1对,位于前胸两侧;腹部有气门6对;跗节3节。序列分析显示,本样虱、山羊毛虱、具边毛虱和牛毛虱四者的18SrDNA基因序列高度相似,不适于做种间鉴定。cox1序列极不保守。     

茗荷水溶性多糖提取及抗氧化性能测定

采用单因素试验和厶(34)正交试验设计,研究了不同的料液比、提取时间和提取温度对茗荷多糖提取率的影响.并采用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定茗荷多糖对超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)清除活性,Fenton体系测定茗荷多糖对羟基自由基(·OH)的清除作用.茗荷多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为以1:30的科液比,在90℃水浴条件下.提取时间为4h;茗荷多糖对超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基有较强的清除作用.     

应用性诱剂监测高山蔬菜小菜蛾的发生动态

应用性诱剂对湖北高山蔬菜小菜蛾的发生动态进行了监测。结果表明．2002年小菜蛾在第一茬甘蓝上有两个发生高峰．诱蛾量分别为11．7±2．4头·盆^-1和9．2±1．0头·盆^-1,在第二茬甘蓝上有3个发生高峰,诱蛾量分别为70．9±8．1头·盆^-1、16．1±2．7头·盆^-1和11．1±1．9头·盆^-1：2003年小菜蛾在第一茬甘蓝上有3个发生小高峰,诱蛾量分别为4．7±1．7头·盆^-1,6．2±1．9头·盆^-1和6．3±2．0头·盆^-1,在第二茬甘蓝上有3个发生高峰,诱蛾量分别为62．5±27．4头·盆^-1．88．7±25．1头·盆^-1和12．6±3．4头·盆^-1。性诱剂与频振式杀虫灯相比,性诱剂监测小菜蛾更为灵敏,诱捕效果更好。