Effect of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponense

This study examined the effects of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponese . The response of the cellular defense was determined by monitoring changes in reactive oxygen intermediates in hemocytes, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase activity in muscle. The results showed that prawns fed the basal diet had a significant increase in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. When dietary vitamin C was added to the feed, there was a significant decrease in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. Total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of prawns fed the basal diet decreased as ammonia-N increased. This decrease in activity was significantly less pronounced in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement. In prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement there was no significant variation in catalase reductase or gluxathione reductase activity in response to variations in ammonia-N concentration. The glutathione transference activity increased at a low concentration of ammonia-N in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement, but there was no significant variation in the prawns fed the basal diet. Overall the results indicate that dietary vitamin C supplements enhance the capacity of M. nipponese to respond to elevations in ammonia-N. This response involved several biochemical reactions known to be involved in cellular defense.     

水稻耐盐机理的研究Ⅲ.不同基因型对NaCl吸收和运转的动力学比较

本文应用动力学研究方法比较了具有不同耐盐性的3组共6个水稻基因型对NaCl吸收和运转的差异,结果表明,在外部低NaCl浓度(0.1mmolL~(-1)时,水稻对Na~+的吸收为被动吸收,耐盐基因型对Na~+的吸收速率显著低于盐敏感基因型;对Cl~-的吸收为主动吸收,不同耐盐性基因型吸收Cl~-的动力学参数(V_(?)、K_(?))差异不显著,在外部高NaCl浓度(50mmolL~(-1))时,耐盐基因型对Na~+和cl~-的吸收速率均低于对应的盐敏感基因型。耐盐基因型水稻的Na~+、cl-从根部向地上部的运转率低于对应的盐敏感基因型,这种差异在高盐浓度时更为明显。表明了耐盐基因型水稻地上部对NaCl的排斥作用是吸收控制和运转控制共同作用的结果,使地上部Na~+、Cl-含量相对降低而显出较高的耐盐性。     

豫麦10号高产栽培技术调查总结

通过对小麦新品种豫麦1O号的观察,认为该品种在上蔡县增产潜力较大。为充分发挥其增产优势,从整地播种,施肥浇水,中、后期管理等方面提出了措施和建议。     

克萎星对棉花黄萎病的防治效果

克萎星可溶性粉剂是河南省濮阳农业科学研究所研制生产的防治棉花黄萎病的新农药，田间药效试验结果表明：克萎星防治棉花黄萎病，发病初期叶面喷施，防效71．7％～100％，最佳施用浓度500～1000倍液，间隔期7～10d,棉花安全。     

植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ对实验性动物高胆固醇血症影响的研究

在建立试验用高胆固醇血症大鼠模型的基础上,观察用植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ制成的三个不同剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳对大鼠血脂水平的影响。动物实验表明:三个剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳均可显蓍降低大鼠血清胆固醇(TC)的含量(P<0.01),但对甘油三酯(TG)的降低作用不显著(P>0.05)。高剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳可显著提高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)含量(P<0.01)。因此认为ST-Ⅲ活性乳具有辅助降血脂的功能,特别对高胆固醇血症具有良好的功效。     

一起饲料药物交叉污染事件引发的反思

通过对一起典型的因交叉污染造成的饲料药物残留事件的调查,笔者分析了产生药物残留污染的原因,并提出建设性的纠正措施及几点反思。