马铃薯致病疫霉拮抗细菌研究进展

为了解决马铃薯致病疫霉侵染马铃薯导致其死亡,进而造成马铃薯单位种植产量低的问题。本文从拮抗菌入手,归纳分析细菌类拮抗菌中的主要拮抗菌中芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌和粘细菌对马铃薯致病疫霉的抑制作用。同时,在总结前人研究的基础上,笔者认为在拮抗菌应用方面,可以采用多对一的新型平板对峙筛菌模式来模拟复杂条件下拮抗菌的拮抗作用,以期得到稳定的拮抗菌;并指出应从定植能力和根际微生物影响方面对拮抗菌实际应用的可行性进行研究;此外,提出未来对拮抗菌抑制马铃薯致病疫霉的探究应从表型层面的研究深入到分子层面,以期能成功从源头找寻抑制马铃薯致病疫霉的答案。     

EPS364, a Novel Deep-Sea Bacterial Exopolysaccharide,Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth and Adhesion

The prognosis of liver cancer was inferior among tumors. New medicine treatments are urgently needed. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide EPS364 was purified from Vibrio alginolyticus 364, which was isolated from a deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea. Further research showed that EPS364 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, gluconic acid, galactosamine and arabinose with a molar ratio of 5:9:3.4:0.5:0.8. The relative molecular weight of EPS364 was 14.8 kDa. Our results further revealed that EPS364 was a β-linked and phosphorylated polysaccharide. Notably, EPS364 exhibited a significant antitumor activity, with inducing apoptosis, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Huh7.5 liver cancer cells. Proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that EPS364 inhibited cancer cell growth and adhesion via targeting the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that EPS364 is a promising antitumor agent for pharmacotherapy.     

The microbial diversity and structure in peatland forest in Indonesia

The microbial community structure and function under forest in tropical peatlands are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the microbial community structure and diversity in natural peat swamp forest soil, disturbed peat soil and mineral soil in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, using 454 pyrosequencing. The results showed that the natural peat soil had the greatest fungal species richness (Chao1), which was significantly (p < .05) larger than that in the other two soils. Community structure of both fungi and bacteria in natural peat soil differed significantly from that in the disturbed peat soil (p = .039 and p = .045, respectively). Ascomycota (40.5%) was the most abundant phylum across the three soils followed by Basidiomycota (18.8%), Zygomycota (<0.1%) and Glomeromycota (<0.1%). The linear discriminant analysis with effect size (LEfSe) showed that Ascomycota (p < .05) and genus Gliocephalotrichum (p < .05) dominated in natural peat soil. Functionally, pathotrophs were more abundant in disturbed peat soil (p < .05). Proteobacteria (43.8%) were the most abundant phylum followed by Acidobacteria (32.6%), Actinobacteria (9.8%), Planctomycetes (1.7%). Methylocystis, Telmatospirillum, Syntrophobacter, Sorangium and Opitutus were the more abundant genera in disturbed peat soil, whereas Nevskia and Schlesneria were more abundant in mineral soil and natural peat soil, respectively. The natural peat forest soil supported a more diverse microbiology; however, the land use of such a soil can change its microbial community structure. The results provide evidence that the disturbance of tropical peat land could lead to the introduction and spread of a large number of fungal diseases     

甜菜坏死黄脉病毒(BNYVV)75kDa通读蛋白基因及其54kDa片段的克隆与表达

 以甜菜坏死黄脉病毒(BNYVV)内蒙分离物的总RNA为模板,通过反转录和PCR扩增获得75kDa通读蛋白基因54kDa片段的目的片段。     

无核葡萄胚发育及早期离体培养的研究:Ⅲ.培养方式对离体胚发育的影响

对5个无核葡萄品种的试验表明,不同培养方式对离体胚发育的影响是很明显的,其中4个品种胚发育率液体培养高于固体培养,‘京早晶’在液体培养中胚发育率高达73.7%,是目前国内外胚发育率最高的报道;液体培养比固体培养胚的发育程度高,发育整齐,无畸形胚,易成苗.     

开拓创新锐意进取办好省级农业科技期刊——《广西农业科学》办刊实践

为了适应农业科研和生产发展的需要，《广西农业科学》编辑部在近年的办刊实践中积极探索，开拓创新，通过调整刊物定位向学术性期刊转变，增加版面和改进编辑流程缩短文章出版时滞，拓宽报道范围扩大影响力，加强与同行的交流学习，提升办刊理念，实行文稿校核质量控制体系，保证刊物质量，强化编辑队伍建设提高编辑人员业务素质，加强期刊经营增强期刊社经济实力等措施，使期刊的内外质量不断提高，社会效益和经济效益显著增强，期刊进入良性发展阶段。     

春小麦蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉含量间的相关与回归分析

本文通过对20个春小麦品种(或品系)蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉百分含量间的相关、回归、协方差分析,表明蛋白质百分含量与淀粉百分含量间为极显著的负相关;脂肪百分含量与淀粉百分含量间为极显著的负相关;蛋白质百分含量与脂肪百分含量间为极显著的正相关。并建立了淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质百分含量间的回归方程。在同一试验条件下,各品种(或品系)蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉百分含量变异系数的大小,在一定程度上反映出各品种在品质性状上的纯合程度。变异系数愈小,表明纯合程度愈高;变异系数愈大,表明纯合程度愈低。因此,在那些变异系数较大的品种(或品系)中,可选出表型性状与原品种(或品系)基本相似,而在品质性状上却有较大提高的优质新品系。     

大豆室内耐冷筛选及其在田间的应用研究

本试验把生长箱大豆耐低温萌发筛选与田间早春播研究相结合,验证耐低温发芽的可靠性。在实验室,萌发期表现抗冷的大豆,田间出昔期仍表现抗冷或较抗冷。实验表明,大豆出苗的生物学最低温度平均为7.1℃,所需有效积温136℃。地温的高低直接影响大豆早春出苗的多寡,两者呈密切的正相关。黄、青、黑豆中,以黑豆抵抗早春不良气候条件的能力最强。     

斑点免疫吸附试验诊断羊脑多头蚴病的研究

以原头节可溶性粗抗原经Sephadex G-200层析纯化抗原为包被抗原，兔抗羊IgG-HRP结合物为显色剂，建立检测羊脑多头蚴病血清抗体的Dot-ELISA，并以ELISA作平行对照。结果，粗抗原和层析纯化抗原检测86头份羊脑多头蚴病阳性血清，其敏感性分别为94．18％和93．02％，两种抗原的敏感性无显著差异；检测122头份绦虫蚴病阴性血清，18头份棘球蚴病阳性血清，35头份细颈囊尾蚴病阳性血清，其特异性分别为90．29％和95．43％。两种抗原的特异性差异显著。Dot-ELISA和ELISA两种方法的符合率为100％。层析纯化抗原比粗抗原的特异性有了明显提高，而敏感性没有降低。层析纯化抗原和操作术式都具有良好的重复性，Dot-ELISA和ELISA对比试验结果相近，且具简便、快速及不需要复杂设备等优点，是一种检测羊脑多头蚴病血清抗体的理想方法。