不同施肥处理对稻米硬度影响研究

[目的]为了研究不同施肥处理对稻米硬度的影响。[方法]以21个粒形有差异的水稻品种为材料,设施NP与NPK两种处理,对稻米硬度进行测定,分析两种施肥处理条件下不同粒形的稻米硬度差异及粒形与硬度间的关系。[结果]施NPK肥的稻米硬度平均为79.6 N,只施NP肥的稻米硬度平均为75.8 N;NPK处理中的窄粒型、中等粒型、宽粒型比NP处理中的稻米硬度分别大3.2、3.34、.4 N。在两处理中,穗上部籽粒比穗下部籽粒硬度大,平均差异分别为3.96和3.65 N。[结论]施NPK肥的处理比只施NP肥的处理稻米硬度大;籽粒越宽,硬度越大,且施K肥能明显提高宽粒形品种的硬度;穗上部籽粒比下部籽粒的硬度大。     

克伦特罗的CLIA分析试剂盒的研制

通过制备克伦特罗（Clenbuterol,CL）人工抗原获得高活性抗体,用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记CL抗原,以鲁米诺（luminol）为发光底物,建立直接竞争法检测分析盐酸克伦特罗,并对包被液、包被条件、封闭蛋白、孵育时间、酶用量等参数进行优化,成功研制出化学发光法检测CL试剂盒。该方法的线性检测范围0.1~8.1 ng·mL-1,线性相关系数r=0.996,IC50值为0.607 ng·mL-1;理论检测限小于0.1 ng·mL-1;批内变异系数6.76%~8.31%;批间变异系数7.4%;回收率（90±15）%,与莱克多巴胺等其他β-激动剂不发生交叉反应。     

Thrombosis of the median artery and its branches in a gelding: Clinical appearance,diagnosis and surgical management

This case report describes the clinical appearance, diagnosis and surgical management of thrombosis of the median artery and its branches in a gelding. The 4-year-old Danish Warmblood presented with acute severe progressive right front leg lameness, not responding to painkillers. Initial clinical examination including radiographs revealed no significant findings, and a scintigraphic examination showed decreased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the right front toe in comparison to the left limb. The following day, the temperature of the right front leg was significantly decreased, especially in the area distal to the carpus. No pulsation of the digital arteries could be detected. Ultrasonography showed partial thrombosis of the medial digital artery (A. digitalis palmaris medialis). Occlusion of this artery is a sporadic event with impressive clinical signs and might not be directly diagnosed due to it being a rare occurrence. Ultrasound is an excellent technique for diagnosing the presence of thrombosis and can also help delineate the extent. Our case did not respond to the initial treatment with phenylbutazone and acetylsalicylic acid. The ischaemia became even worse, requiring surgical intervention. A similar approach as for the aorta-iliac thrombosis in the hindlimb was undertaken in the front limb, which has not been described previously. The gelding recovered initially. Unfortunately, restenosis occurred and due to a poor prognosis for a second surgery, the gelding was euthanised.     

天然气发动机国Ⅴ排放技术研究

研究天然气发动机技术的发展,选取稀薄燃烧的技术路线。通过对电控量的标定和后处理的匹配,使单燃料天然气发动机排放达到国Ⅴ排放标准。     

微胚乳超高油玉米籽粒的蛋白质含量研究

2005年秋季种植不同类型的玉米材料,研究了籽粒蛋白质含量,2006年春季选取微胚乳超高油玉米Ⅲ型的杂交组合及其亲本做试验材料,研究了亲子代遗传.结果表明,微胚乳超高油玉米的蛋白质含量远高于其它类型的玉米,微胚乳玉米Ⅲ型杂种优势较显著.正交F1的蛋白质含量高于反交F1.同型系之间蛋白质含量差异1.27%～3.50%,同株系之间蛋白质含量差异0.07%～3.38%,同型系之间较同株系之间的蛋白质含量差异大.F1与双亲平均值、母本和父本的相关系数呈正相关趋势,但均未达到显著水平(P＞0.05).     

Efficacy of probiotics from anaerobic microflora with prebiotics on growth performance and noxious gas emission in growing pigs

We investigated the effect of probiotics from anaerobic microflora with prebiotics (synbiotics) on growth performance, noxious gas emission and fecal pathogenic bacteria populations in growing pigs. The basal diet, which contained approximately 25% corn, 24% whey, 12% wheat and 12% soybean meal, was supplemented alternatively with 0.15% antibiotics (US diet), prebiotics and 0.2% probiotics from anaerobic bacteria (BS diet), yeast (YS diet), mold (MS diet) or compounds (CS diet). One hundred and fifty pigs were fed an experimental diet for 15 days. Although the growth performance was not affected by supplemental synbiotics, the BS group showed higher dry matter and crude protein digestibility. The BS group decreased fecal ammonia and amine gas emissions, and increased fecal acetate gas emission compared with the US group. All synbiotics groups decreased in fecal propionate gas emission. Fecal Escherichia coli population was lower in the synbiotics groups than in the US group. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that synbiotics exert similar effects with antibiotics on the nutrient digestibility and fecal microflora composition in growing pigs. Moreover, synbiotics can also decrease the fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs.     

Effects of illite supplementation on in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation,microbial population and methane emission of Hanwoo steers fed high concentrate diets

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding supplemental illite to Hanwoo steers on methane (CH₄) emission and rumen fermentation parameters. An in vitro ruminal fermentation technique was conducted using a commercial concentrate as substrate and illite was added at different concentrations as treatments: 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% illite. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were different (P < 0.05) at 24 h of incubation where the highest total VFA was observed at 1.0% of illite. Conversely, lowest CH₄ production (P < 0.01) was found at 1.0% of illite. In the in vivo experiment, two diets were provided, without illite and with addition of 1% illite. An automated head chamber (GreenFeed) system was used to measure enteric CH₄ production. Cattle received illite supplemented feed increased (P < 0.05) total VFA concentrations in the rumen compared with those fed control. Feeding illite numerically decreased CH₄ production (g/day) and yield (g/kg dry matter intake). Rumen microbial population analysis indicated that the population of total bacteria, protozoa and methanogens were lower (P < 0.05) for illite compared with the control. Accordingly, overall results suggested that feeding a diet supplemented with 1% illite can have positive effects on feed fermentation in the rumen and enteric CH₄ mitigation in beef cattle.     

A comparative study on the rumen microbial populations,hydrolytic enzyme activities and dry matter degradability between different species of ruminant

A comparative study among Korean native cow (Hanwoo), Holstein dairy cow, Korean native goat and crossbred sheep on the population and marker concentration of ruminal microbes, the activities of carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), xylanase and amylase, and in situ dry matter (DM) degradability were conducted. Twelve ruminally cannulated animals, three of each species, were used. Animals were fed the same diet containing 40% formula feed and 60% rice straw at the level of 2.5% of body weight. Total viable microbial populations in the rumen fluid were significantly (P < 0.01) greater for bacteria and fungi in goat than those of Holstein. The protozoan population among ruminant species was the reverse from that of bacteria. The concentrations of 2,6‐diaminopimelic acid and chitin as markers for bacteria and fungi in the rumen fluid, respectively, were highest in goat, which is in accordance with the above population data. The concentration of aminoethylphosphonic acid as marker of protozoa was highest in Hanwoo and lowest in sheep (P < 0.01). Goat had the highest (P < 0.01) activities of all the enzymes investigated among ruminants. In situ effective degradation of the DM of rice straw was approximately 19% higher in the rumen of goat compared with other animals.