Relationships between soil and vegetation characteristics of tundra ecosystems and their use to assess soil resilience, degradation, and rehabilitation potentials

Definitions of the notions of soil resilience and degradation of the soil-vegetation cover are suggested. These problems are considered with respect to vulnerable tundra ecosystems. The analysis of available experimental data made it possible to obtain empirical equations characterizing the relationships between the plant productivity and the soil properties. These equations can be used to predict the degree of soil degradation under particular types of technogenic loads and the soil and vegetation potential for the natural restoration or artificial rehabilitation of the soil-vegetation cover in tundra ecosystems. The results obtained can be applied for the development of optimal nature management strategies in the areas of oil and gas fields in the north.     

影响体细胞核移植效率的因素

哺乳动物体细胞核移植 (克隆 )是近年来迅速发展起来的一项新技术 ,对濒危动物保护、优良种畜快速扩群以及核质关系的研究、药物试验等诸多领域都具有重大意义。但体细胞核移植是一项程序繁杂的工作 ,每一步操作所采用的试剂、材料和方案等都会影响到核移植效率 ,因而其影响因素十分众多。文章根据目前已有资料 ,论述了卵母细胞来源、卵母细胞与供体细胞的胞质容量、卵母细胞的去核方案、体细胞供体动物的年龄、供体细胞的组织来源与传代次数及供体细胞的冷藏、冷冻和所处的细胞周期阶段对核移植效率的影响。另外 ,对重组胚的融合 -激活方案、核移植方案及重构胚的培养方案对核移植效率的影响也作了简要论述。     

催乳保康散对奶牛隐性乳房炎的防治研究

我国奶牛乳房炎尤其是隐性乳房炎的发病率很高，一般隐性乳房炎的发病率达到20％～40％以上，甚至高达50％～80％。笔者根据传统的中兽医理论和最新的中草药研究成果，以及奶牛乳房炎的发病规律，以源自天然的毒副作用小、无残留、不易产生耐药性的中草药为原料，制成集增乳、保健、安全为一体的复合型绿色饲料添加剂催乳保康散，可以显著提高奶牛的产乳性能，为研究本饲料添加剂对奶牛隐性乳房炎的防治效果，进行了本试验。     

转译过程中小RNA病毒与宿主细胞的相互作用

小RNA病毒的转译机制不同于真核细胞mRNA的转译机制,该类病毒是借助于内部核糖体进入位点来启动内部翻译过程的,同时还伴随着宿主细胞蛋白质合成的抑制过程.在此过程中,小RNA病毒与宿主细胞间发生了一系列复杂的相互作用和信息交流,本文对该领域的研究进展作了综述.     

补饲不同配方酶制剂对犊牛断奶后生产性能的影响

选择健康无病、6- 7月龄间断奶的公牛犊 30头 ,随机分成 3组 ,即对照组 CK、试验组 TE1和 TE2 ,每组 1 0头。对照 CK组饲喂基础日粮 ;试验 TE1和 TE2 组分别补饲0 .1 %由纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E1和由木聚糖酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E2 ;试验 60 d,测定加酶对生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,与 CK组相比 ,TE1组日增重提高 7.51 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 7.0 0 % (P<0 .0 5)、1 .2 3% (P<0 .0 5) ;TE2 组增重提高 4.2 0 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 3.86% (P<0 .0 5)和 0 .31 % (P>0 .0 5) ;试验组犊牛断奶后对粗饲料的适应性有所增强 ;两组酶配方中 ,以纤维素酶为主的 E1效果优于 E2     

小鹅瘟PCR诊断方法的建立和初步应用

根据发表的鹅细小病毒B株VP3基因序列 ,设计合成了 1对寡聚核苷酸引物。以国内分离的小鹅瘟病毒为摸板 ,筛选了 (PCR)最佳反应条件 ,并进行了敏感性、特异性和初步应用试验。结果表明 ,在 4 0 μL体积中 ,PCR最佳系统组成为 2uTaq酶、0 5mol/LdNTP和 2 0 pmol引物 ;最佳反应参数为 96℃变性 4 0s ,5 4℃退火 1min ,72℃延伸 1min ,30个循环。本方法可检出 2 5× 10 -1 5EID50 小鹅瘟病毒 ,并且仅能从小鹅瘟病毒的鹅胚培养物中扩增出与设计值大小相同的 375bp核苷酸片断 ,对照病毒扩增结果为阴性。通过对 6份临床病料的检查 ,2份呈阳性 ,其中 1份来自有典型小鹅瘟症状的雏鹅 ,1份来自无典型小鹅瘟症状的雏鹅。由此说明 ,本试验所建立的诊断小鹅瘟的PCR方法具有潜在的临床应用价值     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒南京株纤突S蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

参考 Genbank收录的 TGEV- Miller株的基因序列 ,自行设计合成 1对引物 (TGEVP5 /P6 ) ,对不同代次的 TGEV疫苗弱毒 STC3及种毒 、种毒 进行了 RT- PCR扩增 ,产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析 ,均出现 1条大约 12 6 2 bp的目的条带 ,经 Eco R 酶切 ,都产生了 871bp和391bp左右的两个片段 ,与预期大小相符。将种毒 RT- PCR扩增目的条带回收纯化后克隆入PMD18- T载体中 ,转化宿主菌 DH5 α,挑选阳性克隆 (命名为 PTs) ,提取重组质粒 ,用 Hpa 、Eco R 对重组质粒进行酶切鉴定以及 PCR扩增 ,然后进行序列测定 ,并进行了序列分析 ,证实与国外标准毒株 Miller、Fs772 / 70、Purdue、TO14等有较高的同源性     

抗霉菌素“120”与杀灭菊酯混用防治效果试验

抗霉菌素“120”是一种新的农用抗菌素,防治农作物上多种病害都有效。实验室试验证明;本剂与杀灭菌酯混用,对防治病害和虫害的效果没有不良影响,因此可以减少打药次数,有一定经济意义。     

Effect of cGMP on voltage-gated potassium channel in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from rats exposed to chronic hypoxia

AIM: To investigate the effect of cGMP on voltage-gated potassium channel in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from rats exposed to chronic hypoxia. METHODS: (1) Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (group A) and chronic hypoxia group (group B). Then group B received hypoxia 8 hours per day for 4 consecutive weeks. (2) Single PASMC was obtained via acute enzyme separation method. (3) Conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record resting membrane potential (Em) and ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel. The changes of ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel before and after applying cGMP (1 mmol/L), an agonist of protein kinase G (PKG), and cGMP plus H-8 (1 mmol/L), an inhibitor of PKG were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The Em of group B were significantly lower than that of group A. The ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel in group A and group B were all significantly inhibited by cGMP [control group: from (118.0±5.0) pA/pF to (89.9±16.5) pA/pF, n=6, P＜0.05;chronic hypoxia group: from (81.0±5.0) pA/pF to (56.8±9.1) pA/pF, n=6, P＜0.05]and these effects were reversed by H-8 [control group: from (119.2±10.3) pA/pF to (117.8±9.1) pA/pF, n=6, P＞0.05;chronic hypoxia group: from (96.8±6.2)　pA/pF to (98.0±2.2)　pA/pF, n=6, P＞0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: The currents of voltage-gated potassium channel was inhibited by chronic hypoxic. The inhibitory effect of cGMP on currents of voltage-gated potassium channel in PASMCs from both normal and chronic hypoxic rats may be probably through the phosphorylation of voltage-gated potassium channel.     

检测猪流行性腹泻病毒的R-PCR方法的建立

根据猪流行性腹泻病毒 (PEDV)的N基因自行设计和合成了一对可扩增长度为 641bp目的片段的引物 ,成功地建立了检测的猪流行性腹泻病毒的RT PCR方法。对猪轮状病毒 (PRV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒 (TGEV)的RT PCR检测结果均呈阴性。对PEDV JS株的RT PCR产物的序列分析表明 ,与CV777株的同源性为 97 3 %。