干法生产UHT豆奶工艺技术研究及应用

以优质大豆为主要原料，经干法生产（大豆筛选、脱皮、高温灭酶、粗磨、超细研磨、浆渣分离）制得豆奶；根据QB／T2132产品分类要求（纯豆乳、调制豆乳、豆乳饮料），研究配方组成（大豆用量、加油量、乳化剂添加量）；采用UHT灭菌、复合塑料膜无菌灌装，常温下保质期达到30～90天.     

钾肥施用量对脐橙产量和品质的影响

１９９６～１９９９年连续４年在湖北省秭归县进行了脐橙钾肥施用量田间试验。结果表明，尽管各处理脐橙产量年度变化很大，但施钾显著提高产量和经济效益，１９９７～１９９９年施钾平均增产２６．３％～４１．８％，施钾（Ｋ２Ｏ）１２５、２５０、３７５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２年均增加纯利 １０１１０、１５８４０、９９７０元／ｈｍ２，产投比分别为 １９．３８、１５．４０和７．０４；在试验条件下施钾（Ｋ２Ｏ）２５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２增产效果最好；施钾有提高脐橙外观品质和内在品质的趋势，例如施钾提高或保持单果重、增加果皮厚度、提高维生素Ｃ含量等；但施钾对品质的影响年度间差异较大，尚需进一步研究。     

手动比例复合阀在中高压液压绞纲机中的应用

中高压液压技术在海洋捕捞机械—绞纲机中的使用推动了我国渔业机械的发展,手动比例复合阀在中高压液压技术上的应用则大大加快了液压绞纲机在国内渔业生产中的普及。目前,我国浙江、江苏、福建、广东和山东等省沿海渔民使用的绞纲机普遍采用带手动比例复合阀的液压系统。为此,对手动比例复合阀换向、溢流、调速集成等功能进行了分析。     

保定市一亩泉河河流中COD的变化及污染源分析

针对保定市城区水系管理委员会2017年3月公布的黑臭水体河流中的一亩泉河7.23km的黑臭水体段为参考进行了勘查、取样与COD实验工作,从2019年4月12日到2019年5月29日进行了为期一个半月的时间。研究结果表明:保定市一亩泉河河流不同位置COD大小不同、污染原因不同。通过周围景观的变化、对采样点附近居民进行的走访和COD浓度的测定,对一亩泉河的水质状况和污染源进行了全面系统地分析。并为此提出了切实可行、经济有效、便于管理的控制方案。     

肉鸭价格波动的影响因素研究

基于协整检验、格兰杰检验、VAR建模及脉冲响应、方差分解的分析,研究对1991~2013年度中国肉鸭价格变动的影响因素及其之间的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明:我国肉鸭市场价格的剧烈波动受肉鸭产肉量、肉鸭出栏量、国内生产总值、猪肉价格、鸡肉价格、玉米价格、市场利率等因素的影响,且影响的程度与方向不尽相同。据此,提出政府应加强产业环境的优化及对玉米、猪肉、鸡肉行业的市场监控,合理规划肉鸭产业布局,协调产业均衡发展,做好肉鸭产业预测与指导工作,及时发布产业市场信息等建议。     

Potato absorption and phytoavailability of Cd,Ni, Cu,Zn and Pb in sierozem soils amended with municipal sludge compost

Effects of sludge utilization on the mobility and phytoavailability of heavy metals in soil-plant systems have attracted broad attention in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the effects of municipal sludge compost(MSC) on the solubility and plant uptake of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in a soil-potato system to explore the mobility, potato plant uptake and enrichment of these five heavy metals in sierozem soils amended with MSC through a potato cultivation trial in Lanzhou University of China in 2014. Ridge regression analysis was conducted to investigate the phytoavailability of heavy metals in amended soils. Furthermore, CaCl_2, CH_3 COONH_4, CH_3COOH, diethylene triamine pentacetic acid(DTPA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) were used to extract the labile fraction of heavy metals from the amended soils. The results show that the MSC could not only improve the fertility but also increase the dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content of sierozem soils. The total concentrations and labile fraction proportions of heavy metals increase with increasing MSC percentage in sierozem soils. In amended soils, Cd has the highest solubility and mobility while Ni has the lowest solubility and mobility among the five heavy metals. The MSC increases the concentrations of heavy metals in the root, stem, peel and tuber of the potato plant, with the concentrations being much higher in the stem and root than in the peel and tuber. Among the five heavy metals, the bioconcentration factor value of Cd is the highest, while that of Ni is the lowest. The complexing agent(DTPA and EDTA) extractable fractions of heavy metals are the highest in terms of phytoavailability. Soil properties(including organic matter, p H and DOC) have important impacts on the phytoavailability of heavy metals. Our results suggest that in soil-potato systems, although the MSC may improve soil fertility, it can also increase the risk of soils exposed to heavy metals.     

Soil available potassium affected by rice straw incorporation and potassium fertilizer application under a rice–oilseed rape rotation system

Data from 147 field trials were collected to study the influence of straw incorporation on soil potassium (K) under an intensive rice–oilseed rape rotation system, while pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of rice straw incorporation on soil K availability. A significant correlation was observed between the soil available K and the relative yield (RRY) and the relative K uptake (RKU) of oilseed rape, with R² values ranging from 0.07 to 0.08 and from 0.10 to 0.11, respectively, when data were fitted to a logarithmic equation model. In approximately 30% of trials, RRY reached 90%, while soil test available K values were below the critical limit, indicating that soil K values at the time of sampling (within 1 week of rice harvest) underestimated the actual soil K supply capacity. The pot experiment results showed that soil available K was affected by straw incorporation and soil type in the fallow period. The NH₄OAc‐K and NaBPh₄‐K concentrations of soils increased at first, and then, plateaued after 28 days. Straw incorporation significantly influenced the critical soil K concentration, which is important for making accurate K fertilizer recommendation. These results suggested that straw K should be seriously considered in making K fertilizer recommendations. Extending the sampling time from 1 to 3 weeks after the harvesting of rice to stabilize the effects of straw incorporation may help achieve a more accurate evaluation of soil available K.