杏果切分去核机构优化及作业参数分析

【目的】 根据杏离核特性,优化切分去核机构研究及确定最佳作业参数,降低果肉损失率。【方法】 优化改进去核机构的作业参数及去核刀具,采用单因素试验分析不同去核刀具类型、曲柄转速、刀头与刀片的距离以及杏离核特性对杏肉损失率的影响,结合正交试验分析得出作业最佳参数组合。【结果】 最佳参数组合为圆形刀头刀具A1,转速为36 r/min,刀头与刀片距离为20 mm,离核型杏作为试验材料时,杏肉损失率为2.53%;相对于原有设计的鲜杏切分去核设备,杏肉损失率降低了1%。【结论】 采摘期早的杏离核力F峰值大,离核性较差;采摘期晚的杏离核力F峰值小,离核性较好。黑叶杏相对于其他品种离核特性较差。当选用刀头刀具A1,转速为36 r/min,刀头与刀片距离为20 mm与离核型杏进行组合时,作业参数最优。     

Effect of traditional Chinese medicine Muniziqi on gonad axis in rats with chronic stress premature ovarian failure

AIM: To investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine Muniziqi on chronic premature ovarian failure (POF) by observing the histomorphological changes of pituitary, hypothalamus and ovary in rats with chronic POF. METHODS: Mature Sprague-Dawley rats (female, n=90) were randomly divided into normal group (n=10), and stress model group (n=80). After the model was established, the rats with POF were screened. The model rats were divided into POF group, and POF with high-, medium- and low-dose Muniziqi groups. HE staining and Masson staining were used. The morphological changes of pituitary, hypothalamic and ovarian tissues were observed, and the ovarian and uterus indexes were calculated. The serum levels of estradiol (E₂), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the rats were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The traditional Chinese medicine Muniziqi had certain effects on the morphological changes and hormone levels of pituitary, hypothalamic and ovarian tissues in the rats with chronic POF. Compared with POF group, each drug intervention group had different degrees of improvement. Compared with normal group, the E₂ level in POF group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the levels of LH and FSH were significantly increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic stress results in the occurrence of POF. The traditional Chinese medicine Muniqizi has the effects on prevention and treatment of POF and improvement of histomorphological changes and hormone levels of the gonaol axis.     

连续式杏果切分去核机的设计与试验

【目的】 设计一款连续式杏果切分去核机,使其达到产量在600 kg/h之上,损失率5%以下,为提高鲜杏加工效率、减少果肉损失和提高生产率等提供参考。【方法】 采用理论分析与前期试验,确定样机结构以及工作参数要求,进行样机试验。【结果】 鲜杏切分去核设备去核率≥95%,杏肉损失率≤3.5%,生产率达638 kg/h。【结论】 连续式杏果去核机实现了自动上料,有效去核和减少果肉损失。