原生质体载体技术在马铃薯育种中的应用

综述了原生质体载体技术在育种中的应用:体细胞杂交、以原生质体为受体细胞的DNA直接导入转化、体细胞无性系变异、胁迫耐受系的选择,同时针对马铃薯的生物学特性、育种现状及其原生质体方面的研究现状,提出利用原生质体载体技术进行马铃薯育种的优势和切实可行性。     

小麦生长模型对拔节期和孕穗期低温胁迫响应能力的比较

[目的]作物生长模型是预测和评估气候变化对作物生产力影响的重要量化工具,明确典型作物生长模型对小麦拔节期和孕穗期低温胁迫响应能力的不足,可以为进一步改进低温胁迫对小麦生产力影响的模拟算法提供指导.[方法]本研究将来自4套国际知名小麦生长模型(美国密歇根州立大学的CERES-Wheat、美国华盛顿州立大学的CropSys...     

影响月季叶片愈伤组织诱导因素的初步探讨

利用温室中的月季植株叶片作为外植体，研究了3种激素不同浓度配合使用对月季叶片愈伤组织诱导的影响，筛选出诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基Ms 2，4-192．0mg／L 6-BA0．2mg／L 活性炭0．3g／L，其最高诱导率达100％，同时还比较了不同品种间的差异。     

Effect of microwave irradiation on composition,structure and properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with different milling degrees

Effects of microwave irradiation on composition, structure, thermal and storage properties of rice with different milling degrees were investigated. Microwave irradiation partially inactivated the lipase and lipoxidase, damaged thiamine, and created puffed rice. In addition, the transition temperatures (T_o and T_P) of rice were shifted to higher temperatures, and the enthalpy of gelatinization decreased after irradiation. The effect was more obvious when the power of microwave was increased. Microstructure analysis showed that stress cracks and some “explosion” were created in rice kernels after microwave irradiation. Storage property analysis indicated that free fatty acid content of all rice samples increased gradually in the process of storage. Microwave irradiation reduced the release of free fatty acids during storage. The higher the power, the lesser the free fatty acids generated. The results suggested that microwave irradiation was potentially applicable for improving storage properties of brown and milled rice.     

原生质体载体技术在马铃薯育种中的应用

综述了原生质体载体技术在育种中的应用:体细胞杂交、以原生质体为受体细胞的DNA直接导入转化、体细胞无性系变异、胁迫耐受系的选择,同时针对马铃薯的生物学特性、育种现状及其原生质体方面的研究现状,提出利用原生质体载体技术进行马铃薯育种的优势和切实可行性。     

树木剪枝堆肥与传统堆肥对土壤化学性质的影响

通过与完熟牛粪肥、腐熟树叶堆肥、树皮畜粪混合堆肥3种传统堆肥进行对比,并以不施肥土壤作对照,研究树木剪枝堆肥对土壤中的全氮全碳含量、阳离子交换能力、有效盐基阳离子浓度的影响.结果表明:施肥1 a后完熟牛粪堆肥、腐熟树叶堆肥、树皮畜粪混合堆肥和树木剪枝堆肥氮素耗损分别为1.10,1.30,1.33和1.44 g/kg,剪枝堆肥中的有机氮素更容易转化为容易被土壤吸收的无机氮素;完熟牛粪堆肥、腐熟树叶堆肥、树皮畜粪混合堆肥和树木剪枝堆肥的全碳损耗分别为1.37,2.73,1.84和4.37 g/kg,相比于传统堆肥,剪枝肥的全碳损耗更大,被分解的碳素明显高于其他传统有机肥;剪枝肥料能加快土壤中微生物的分解效率,导致其微生物活性远高于其他施肥处理;剪枝肥施用1 a后,土壤阳离子交换量、有效盐基阳离子浓度等均显著增加(P＜0.05),从而增加土壤中可被植物吸收的微量营养元素.