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排序方式: 共有105条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mariano Carossino Rudy Bauer Mark A. Mitchell Charles O. Cummings Anke C. Sthr Nobuko Wakamatsu Kimberly Harper Ingeborg M. Langohr Kendra Schultz Maria S. Mitchell Daniel K. Howe Udeni B. R. Balasuriya 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):554
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan pathogen that infects many endothermic vertebrates, including humans; the domestic cat and other felids serve as the definitive host. Macropodids are considered highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis. Here, we describe the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical findings of an outbreak of systemic toxoplasmosis in a mob of 11 red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), with high morbidity (73%) and mortality (100%) rates. Affected animals had either severe and rapidly deteriorating clinical conditions or sudden death, which was correlated with widespread necrotizing lesions in multiple organs and intralesional T. gondii organisms identified via MIC3-specific immunohistochemistry and confirmed by REP529-specific rtPCR. Quantification of parasites demonstrated the highest parasite density in pulmonary parenchyma compared with other tissues. Our study highlights the continued importance of this severe condition in Australian marsupials. 相似文献
2.
Nobuko Katayanagi Yuichiro Furukawa Tamon Fumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):360-372
The DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition)-Rice model, one of the most advanced process-based models for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields, has been discussed mostly in terms of the reproducibility of observed methane (CH4) emissions from Japanese rice paddies, but the model has not yet been validated for tropical rice paddies under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation management, a water-saving technique. We validated the model by using CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) flux data from rice in pots cultivated under AWD irrigation management in a screen-house at the International Rice Research Institute (Los Baños, the Philippines). After minor modification and adjustment of the model to the experimental irrigation conditions, we calculated grain yield and straw production. The observed mean daily CH4 fluxes from the continuous flooding (CF) and AWD pots were 4.49 and 1.22?kg?C?ha?1?day?1, respectively, and the observed mean daily N2O fluxes from the pots were 0.105 and 34.1?g?N?ha?1?day?1, respectively. The root-mean-square errors, indicators of simulation error, of daily CH4 fluxes from CF and AWD pots were calculated as 1.76 and 1.86?kg?C?ha?1?day?1, respectively, and those of daily N2O fluxes were 2.23 and 124?g?N?ha?1?day?1, respectively. The simulated gross CH4 emissions for CF and AWD from the puddling stage (2 days before transplanting) to harvest (97 days after transplanting) were 417 and 126?kg?C?ha?1, respectively; these values were 9.8% lower and 0.76% higher, respectively, than the observed values. The simulated gross N2O emissions during the same period were 0.0279 and 1.45?kg?N?ha?1 for CF and AWD, respectively; these values were respectively 87% and 29% lower than the observed values. The observed total global warming potential (GWP) of AWD resulting from the CH4 and N2O emissions was approximately one-third of that in the CF treatment. The simulated GWPs of both CF and AWD were close to the observed values despite the discrepancy in N2O emissions, because N2O emissions contributed much less than CH4 emissions to the total GWP. These results suggest that the DNDC-Rice model can be used to estimate CH4 emission and total GWP from tropical paddy fields under both CF and AWD conditions. 相似文献
3.
4.
Akiko Nakashima Munetaka Hosokawa Shigeichi Maeda Susumu Yazawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):225-227
For the first time, Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) was detected in commercial dahlia bulbs in Japan. CSVd was found in 77.2% of the tested plants (Dahlia spp.). In nucleotide sequence analysis, a CSVd variant was detected consisting of 354 nucleotides, which differed slightly
from previously reported CSVd variants.
The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB255879. 相似文献
5.
Jiro Sonoda Yuki Seki Atsushi Hakura Satoru Hosokawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(2):109-120
Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) is mutagenic but noncarcinogenic in the murine colon. Recently, we reported rapid induction of colonic tumors by treatment of CD2F1 mice with BP (125 mg/kg for 5 days) followed by a colitis inducer, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) (4% in drinking water for 1 or 2 weeks). However, there are no reports on detailed time course and histopathological features of colonic proliferative lesions in this model. Here, we show the detailed time course of colonic dysplasia, adenoma and adenocarcinoma induced by treatment with BP, DSS, and a combination of the two (BP/DSS). In the colon of mice exposed to BP/DSS, 14.6 dysplastic foci per mouse were present one week after DSS treatment (week 4). The number of dysplastic foci decreased with time to 3.1 at week 9 and thereafter remained almost constant. At week 4, 1.5 adenocarcinomas were also observed, with a marked increase in numbers with time, reaching 29.3 at week 14. In contrast, the number of dysplastic foci induced by DSS alone showed a time course similar to that following BP/DSS treatment; however, only a few tumors appeared. Neither dysplastic foci nor neoplastic lesions were induced by BP only. In mice exposed to BP/DSS, β-catenin was demonstrated immunohistochemically in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of the tumor cells, and this translocation from the cell membrane was evident in subsets of dysplastic foci. In dysplastic foci induced by DSS alone, β-catenin was absent in the nucleus/cytoplasm. These finding suggest that aberrant β-catenin accumulation in dysplastic foci is associated with tumor progression in this BP/DSS model. 相似文献
6.
The duality of teleost gonadotropins 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Hiroshi Kawauchi Kunimasa Suzuki Hiromichi Itoh Penny Swanson Nobuko Naito Yoshitaka Nagahama Masumi Nozaki Yasumitu Nakai Seiga Itoh 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,7(1-6):29-38
The duality of salmon gonadotropins has been proved by biochemical, biological, and immunological characterization of two
chemically distinc gonadotropins. GTH I and GTH II were equipotent in stimulating estradiol production, whereas GTH II appears
to be more potent in stimulating maturational steroid synthesis. The ratio of plasma levels and pituitary contents of GTHs
and the secretory control by a GnRH suggest that GTH I is the predominant GTH during vitellogenesis and early stages of spermatogenesis
in salmonids, whereas GTH II is predominant at the time of spermiation and ovulation. GTH I and GTH II are found in distinctly
separate cells. In trout, GTH I is expressed first in ontogeny, whereas GTH II cells appear coincident with the onset of spermatogenesis
and vitellogenesis, and increase dramatically at the time of final reproductive maturation. Comparison of the amino acid sequences
of polypeptides and the base sequences of cDNA revealed that salmon GTH I β is more similar to bovine FSHβ than bovine LHβ
and salmon GTH II β shows higher homology to bovine LHβ than to bovine FSHβ. The existence of two pituitary gonadotropins
in teleosts as well as tetrapods suggests that the divergence of the GTH gene took place earlier than the time of divergence
of teleosts from the main line of evolution leading to tetrapods. 相似文献
7.
Patricia Yumi Morimoto Kofuji Atsushi Akimoto Hidetsuyo Hosokawa & Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(7):696-703
Seasonal variations in pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities and protein digestibility were studied in yellowtails (Seriola quinqueradiata) reared for 1 year with extruded diets containing different levels of protein. Trypsin and chymotrypsin storage levels in the digestive tissues of starved fish were affected by seasonal changes in water temperature. Actual digestion activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin were low at lower water temperatures, but pepsin activity in the stomach tissue was not affected by low temperatures. On the other hand, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the intestinal contents were higher during lower water temperature months, while pepsin activity in the stomach contents was low at lower water temperatures. Apparent protein digestibility (APD) did not differ among the dietary treatments in the higher water temperature months, while in colder months it was higher in fish fed diet 1 than in fish fed diets 2 and 3. The APD values reflected pepsin activity in the stomach contents in all sampling months. Therefore, lower APD in colder months seems to be attributed to lower protease activity in the gastric digesta, implying that enhanced pepsin secretion from the stomach tissue might improve protein digestibility and growth performance in yellowtails during winter. 相似文献
8.
9.
Toyoshima K Noguchi R Hosokawa M Fukunaga K Nishiyama T Takahashi R Miyashita K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(8):2372-2375
Sardine oil was obtained by centrifugation of surimi wastewater without heating or chemical refining. This oil (CE) showed light yellow color and the peroxide value was less than 1.0 meq/kg. The main lipid class of CE was triacylglycerol (TG) (>99%). These features indicate that CE can be directly used as food materials without further purification. Commercial sardine oil (CO) is usually prepared via some kind of refining process with high temperature (250 degrees C) and chemical treatment. The comparative study on the physiological effects of these sardine oils (CE and CO) revealed that the dietary sardine oils were more effective in reducing abdominal fat pads, plasma total cholesterol, and TG levels of rats than was a soybean oil diet (control). Furthermore, these effects were greater in CE than CO, although there was little difference in the fatty acid composition of both oils. Although the main lipid class of CE was TG (>99%), CE was prepared by centrifugation from surimi waste and directly used as dietary fat without further purification. Therefore, CE may contain some kinds of minor components, which could be attributed to the higher physiological activity of CE. To reveal the involvement of the minor compounds in CE, we prepared TG from CE by column chromatography and measured its effect on lipid metabolism of rats. TG from CE also showed the reducing effects on abdominal fad pads and plasma lipid levels. The effect of TG from CE was almost the same as that of original CE, suggesting that the higher nutritional activity of CE than CO may not be due to the minor compounds in CE. 相似文献
10.