区域农业与物流业耦合联动效应研究——以安徽省为例

经济新常态已经成为当前和今后我国经济发展的基本背景,促进一、二、三产业融合是改革的必然趋势。农业与物流业耦合联动,延长、拓宽农业产业链,是实现农业现代化的重要路径。运用复杂系统理论和耗散结构理论,形成农业和物流业耦合发展机制,构建农业、物流业两个子系统构成的耦合评价模型。以安徽省为例进行子系统评价和耦合系统评价,发现两业耦合联动存在的问题并提出后期发展的具体对策。     

温度对截形叶螨生长发育和繁殖的影响

在室内15—35℃恒温条件下,截形叶螨的发育历期与温度呈负相关,在15、25和35℃下雌螨一代平均历期分别为32.13、9.02和5.64天;雌、雄螨一代发育起点温度分别为10.90和11.33℃,有效积温分别为135.42和110.47日度;不同温度对世代存活率及子代雌雄性比的影响无显著差异,但雌成螨的寿命及产卵期均随着温度的升高而缩短;30℃下内禀增长率(0.3298)、周限增长率(1.3907)、净增殖率(130.993)、日产卵量(10.98)及总产卵量(181.90)都最高,30℃是种群繁殖增长的最适温度。     

山杨小径木超微结构及其与干燥皱缩的关系

前言山杨(Populus Dividiana Dode)小径木是黑龙江省尚志具帽儿山次生林区主要的间伐树种之一。该树种在干燥时易产生皱缩等缺陷,我们设想与其结构有关,故利用扫描电镜观察其超微结构,以期洞悉其中的奥秘。 W.R.Perng研究颤杨(Populus tremuloides)解剖构造与液体传导的关系,在电镜下观察时,指出颤杨心材中存在侵填体,这些侵填体使导管闭塞,因而液体流动困难。他又对此木材进行聚合物渗透,而心材导管中几乎无聚合物沉积,说明心材导管全部被侵填体堵塞,聚合物难以在心材沉积。     

古交市的人为水土流失及其治理

古交市拥有丰富的煤炭资源,现已建成国有大中型煤矿7座,乡镇个体煤矿118座,原煤产量达2 226.3万t/a。据调查,全市目前人为造成的水土流失面积为2 134.95 hm2,煤炭行业位居其首。为了有效防治人为水土流失,应从加大对工矿企业的水土保持宣传力度、加大水保检查执法力度、突出抓好重点行业的监管、提高水保监督执法人员的基本素质等方面强化监督管理。     

中国叶刺瘿螨亚科三新种记述(真螨目:瘿螨科)

文内记递的三个新种是柿畸瘿螨Abacorns diospyris,珍珠梅叶刺瘿螨phyllocoptes sorbariae和长毛刺皮瘿螨Aculops,longispinosus。它们的寄主植物分别是柿、珍珠梅和槭,均采自湖北神农架自然保护区。     

Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B‐biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC₅₀ values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8‐, 10.3‐ and 7.29‐fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97‐, 1.79‐ and 1.30‐fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long‐term induction of host plants for B‐biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

京津冀MODIS长时序增强型植被指数拟合重建方法适用性研究

长时间序列植被指数拟合重建的结果可为植被变化动态监测及物候信息提取、生物量信息提取、农作物产量预测及面积估算、生态质量评价及生态系统碳循环研究等提供更精准、更可靠的数据来源,从而有效反映生态环境质量。MODIS EVI数据虽经过最大值合成(MVC)处理,但仍存在云、冰雪、气溶胶等噪声。该文基于Timesat软件中非对称高斯函数拟合法(AG)、双Logistic函数拟合法(DL)、SG滤波法(SG)3种方法对京津冀2001—2015年MODIS EVI时间序列数据进行拟合重建,从时间序列、空间格局两个维度,并结合数理统计方法,对比分析了不同方法的拟合效果。结果表明:噪声比与拟合重建的方法无明显相关关系。在去噪效果和保真性、拟合优度等方面,AG拟合和DL拟合整体无明显差异,在部分像元点上AG拟合表现出更好的重建效果。SG方法可以更有效的保留原始植被特征。3种方法重建后的效果表现出与地类空间分布相关的差异性。对于京津冀地区长时序数据,AG拟合在人类扰动较小的草地、森林和灌木地区域表现出更好的重建效果,SG方法在人类活动干扰更强的耕地区域重建效果更优。     

Multiplication of the Recombinant Strain Re-7 of Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5 in MDCK Cells

This study was conducted to explore the multiplication pattern of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5 in Madin Darby Canine Kidney(MDCK) cells and to determine the optimal multiplicity of infection(MOI) and the optimal time for virus harvest. The recombinant strain Re-7 was inoculated at different MOIs into MDCK cells grown in serum-free medium in 100 L bioreactors for replication. Then,the hemagglutination(HA) titer, 50% tissue culture infectious dose(TCID50) and 50% embryo infectious dose(EID50) of culture medium were measured once every 12 h from 24 h after virus inoculation to determine the optimal MOI. After that, virus was inoculated at the optimal MOI deter-mined above into MDCK cells for large-scale virus replication to determine the optimal time for virus harvest. The results showed that the optimal MOI was 10~(-2), and the optimal time for virus harvest was 60 h after inoculation. Under these conditions, the HA titer, TCID_(50) per 1 m L and EID50 per 0.1 m L were increased to 1∶102 4, 10~(7.33) and 10~(6.83), respectively. This study provides relatively stable parameters for large-scale production of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5.     

不同粗蛋白质水平饲粮对断奶仔猪生长性能和经济效益的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮不同粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪生长性能和经济效益的影响。选择160头体重7.0 kg、(25±1)日龄的健康杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪,按体重随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪,公母各半。按照等能等氨基酸配制饲粮,4个处理组分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为20.50%、19.50%、18.50%和17.50%的饲粮。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)生长性能,饲粮粗蛋白质水平为19.50%、18.50%、17.50%时,随着饲粮中粗蛋白质水平的降低,仔猪日采食量和日增重表现为显著线性降低(P<0.05);仔猪料重比有升高趋势(P>0.05)。饲粮粗蛋白质水平为20.50%、18.50%时,仔猪日采食量、日增重、料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲粮粗蛋白质为19.50%时,小猪日采食量、日增重、料重比最佳。2)经济效益,小猪每千克增重饲料成本,在当时的饲料原料价格行情下,饲粮粗蛋白质水平为18.50%组最低(4.40元),饲粮粗蛋白质水平为17.50%组最高(4.54元),饲粮粗蛋白质水平为19.50%组(4.41元)和饲粮粗蛋白质水平为18.50%组(4.40元)接近。综上所述,该试验条件下,饲粮粗蛋白质水平19.50%时,断奶仔猪生长性能和经济效益最佳。