"服务无小事,小事意义大" ——高校图书馆服务礼仪片论

从学校公共关系角度,揭示了高校图书馆服务礼仪对图书馆形象和高校形象所具有的形象外显和形象隐喻价值,论述了“规范的服务礼仪”的基本要求,探讨了在服务礼仪的教化和培训中内化和外化相结合的方式。     

玉米抗粗缩病遗传及分子标记研究

Maize rough dwarf disease caused by Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted by planthopper in China. Identification and development of resistant hybrids are complicated because of the inconsistencies in viral disease pressure every year. Marker-assisted selection can provide means for main-taining virus resistance alleles even in the absence of disease. In this paper a F₂ segregation population was constructed to identity the molecular markers linked to the resistance gene using a cross between a resistant and a susceptible parents (Qi319×Ye107). Fifteen-day-old seedlings of F₂ population were exposed to small brown planthoppers carrying RBSDV for 3 days in specific inoculation chamber. The inoculated plants were transplanted to screenhouse after removing the insects completely. In plant maturity stage the disease resistance of all the individuals were visually assessed. The results showed that 17, 8, 11, 51 and 122 plants were scaled from 0-4 respectively, in which 0 means no symptoms and 4 represents highly susceptible. Chi-square test demonstrated that the segregation ratio of phenotype was 1∶15 (resistant: susceptible) or 1∶6∶9 (resistant∶moderate∶susceptible) in the F₂ population, indicating RBSDV resistance of maize was controlled by two recessive genes. The F₂ individuals DNA were extracted and 261 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers derived from maize genome ten chromosomes were selected from maize GDB database to construct genetic linkage map. The linkage map consisted of 71 polymorphic SSR markers, spanning a genetic distance of 996.6 cM with an average interval of 14.0 cM between adjacent markers. The resistant and susceptible gene pools were set up for BSA (bulked segregant analysis) and 6 polymorphism markers were obtained with BSA-SSR method between the two pools. The F₂individuals were further analyzed with 6 polymorphism markers. Chi-square test showed that phi 051, umc1407 and umc1432, mapped on chromosome 7 and 10, exhibited segregation distortion significantly and very significantly in susceptible individuals. These three SSR markers were identified as potential markers linked to the resistant loci.     

玉米粗缩病抗性遗传研究

 本文选用3个抗病自交系(齐319、X178、沈137)和3个感病自交系(掖107、掖478、沈5003)按照NCII交配设计配制9套杂交组合研究了玉米抗粗缩病遗传规律。2009-2010年在曲阳、保定采用田间自然发病方法鉴定亲本、F₁、F₂群体的玉米粗缩病抗性,并采用灰飞虱人工接种方法鉴定亲本材料的抗病性。运用QGA station 软件的加性-显性-上位性(ADAA)遗传模型进行数据分析,结果表明,显性效应和加性效应是控制玉米粗缩病抗性的主要遗传组分,分别占表型变异的44.8%和13.1%,杂合显性效应表现负向杂种优势,抗病育种可加以利用。加性×加性上位性效应在玉米自交系和杂交组合抗粗缩病遗传中普遍存在,但因材料不同而表现负向或正向效应。玉米粗缩病抗性易受环境影响,显性与环境互作效应方差占表型方差的比率为39.8%,达到极显著水平。因此,培育抗粗缩病玉米品种应依据基因型选配适当的亲本材料,抗病品种宜进行多年多点鉴定筛选。     

蝴蝶兰组织培养中防褐化技术研究

以蝴蝶兰‘Dps.Jetgreen Mantefon’品种为试材,以继代培养获得的丛生芽为外植体,系统研究了2种吸附剂—活性炭(AC)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)及不同预处理(外植体4℃冷藏24 h、黑暗预处理5 d和黑暗预处理10 d)对蝴蝶兰组培中组织褐化的影响。结果表明:活性炭能有效防止褐化和促进生长,综合效果最佳。除外植体4℃冷藏24 h处理外,其余处理措施均可减轻组织褐化,但效果均不及活性炭。     

信息与计算科学专业离散数学教学模式探究

离散数学是信息与计算科学专业必修的专业基础课程,从该专业学生学习离散数学注重与学科的结合的重要性,离散数学的内容选用,教学方法以及如何开展教学等多个方面探讨了离散数学课程教学的改进离散数学教学模式。     

Detection of arboviruses in Culicoides(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected from animal farms in the border areas of Yunnan Province,China

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides(order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae) are potential biological vectors for the transmission of certain arboviruses among humans, livestock, and wild animals. This study collected a total of 405 Culicoides individuals from seven animal farms located in five counties in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China, and examined the Culicoides species composition and the major arboviruses carried by the Culicoides species. The collected Culicoides were classified into seven species with variable abundances: Culicoides arakawae(5.43%, 22/405), Culicoides homotomus(1.23%, 5/405), Culicoides obsoletus(19.75%, 80/405), Culicoides orientalis(17.28%, 70/405), Culicoides oxystoma(29.38%, 119/405), Culicoides peregrinus(5.68%, 23/405), and Culicoides nipponensis(21.23%, 86/405). Among the seven species, C. oxystoma and C. nipponensis were distributed in all the five counties with abundances of 13.33–44.87% and 10.00–46.83%, respectively, suggesting that these were the dominant species of Culicoides widespread on animal farms in the border areas. PCR was used to detect major arboviruses in the collected Culicoides specimens, including bluetongue virus(BTV), Japanese encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, African swine fever virus, and African horse sickness virus. Among the tested viruses, only BTV serotype 1 was tested positive in C. oxystoma specimens collected from a buffalo farm. Culicoides oxystoma was the dominant species on animal farms in the sampled areas, but it has not previously been documented as positive for BTV in China. The current results thus suggest that C. oxystoma could be an important vector for BTV transmission in these border areas, which, however, needs to be confirmed by further comprehensive experiments. Overall, the present study provides the first profile of Culicoides species on animal farms in the China, Vietnam, and Myanmar border areas, establishes the prevalence of arboviruses carried by these Culicoides species, and suggests the vector potential of C. oxystoma species for the transmission of BTV.     

马铃薯叶片原生质体的游离纯化

文章以马铃薯四倍体普通栽培品种Desiree、东农303和二倍体野生种S.pinnatisectum品系脱毒试管苗叶片为材料,研究了不同的酶组合、酶液浓度、酶解时间以及温度等因子对原生质体游离纯化的影响。结果表明,低温预处理有助于提高原生质体的产量;最佳酶液组合为纤维素酶1.0%+离析酶0.5%;对于四倍体栽培种较短的酶解时间(13 h)较为适宜,而野生种需要较长的酶解时间(18 h)。     

稻田土壤氮素损失及环境污染的控制对策

文章从管理实践角度综述了氨挥发、反硝化及渗漏损失控制对策的研究进展:应用含钙镁钾的氯化物或硝酸盐、脲酶和藻类抑制剂、改性尿素与缓释肥及深施氮肥可降低氨挥发损失;使用硝化抑制剂、缓释肥、含高多酚高蛋白的植物残体及深施氮肥可以降低反硝化损失;增加水分利用率、使用缓释肥和硝化抑制剂、粘闭土壤层、种植捕获和地表覆盖作物、利用作物原地截流可以降低渗漏损失.另外在水稻种植上使用促进植物生长的微生物,通过促进水稻的吸收减少施氮量,是降低氮素对环境污染的有效策略.     

苹果树水分指标日变化及水分利用效率的研究

本试验实地测量分析了美国8号苹果树水分指标的日变化。结果表明：茎干和叶片的水势早晨较大,中午前后较小,茎水势变化显著滞后于叶水势的变化;茎流量日变化呈“单峰”曲线,最高值出现在午后;蒸腾速率日变化为“双峰”曲线,有明显的“午休”现象;水分利用效率在一天中呈下降趋势,上午下降幅度较大,下午较小;茎流量与水势、蒸腾速率与温度、水分利用效率与光强等不同生理生态指标之间均存在极显著的相关性。