微细木质粉尘静电除尘器的设计

近年来,随着人们对环境质量的要求逐渐提高,木材工业除尘日益得到重视。众所周知,木材工业是产生粉尘的大户,如不采取有效的除尘措施,产生的粉尘不但会造成极大的环境污染,而且还会对工人的身体健康、产品质量、设备的精度和使用年限及生产的安全造成危害。目前,在木材工业中,广泛采用的多是离心力除     

天门冬质量及RAPD遗传多样性研究

[目的]研究天门冬质量及RAPD遗传多样性,并探索其质量与RAPD遗传多样性间相关性.[方法]采用综合评分法,以总皂苷、多糖、浸出物含量为评价指标对天门冬进行质量评价;对天门冬RAPD反应体系进行优化,完成不同居群天门冬RAPD扩增,运用NTSYS 2.10e软件进行遗传多样性分析及UPGMA系统树图构建;分析天门冬质量与RAPD遗传多样性的相关性.[结果]18份天门冬样品质量差异较大;18份天门冬多态性百分率为89.62％,遗传相似系数为0.4481～0.7486,在阈值0.52处18份天门冬聚为两大类,其中贵州遵义桐梓天门冬单独分为一类,其余聚为一类.[结论]天门冬质量与RAPD遗传多样性无显著相关性,所建立的天门冬RAPD法可用于其遗传多样性研究,可为其良种选育、规范化种植奠定基础.     

Genome-wide Association Study of Teats Number Traits in Kele Pigs

Teats number is one of the most important reproductive traits,and closely related to the economic benefit in pig industry.In order to reveal the underlying genetics of left teats number,right teats number and total teats number traits,a genome-wide association study（GWAS）was performed.Samples of DNA were collected to genotyping for 22 Kele pigs using the Illumina Porcine SNP 60K Chip.The GWAS was performed using a mixed-effects model and linear regression approach.When a genome-wide threshold was determined using the Bonferroni method（P<2.06E-5),4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）markers were potentially associated with left teats number,right teats number and total teat number.However,3 SNPs were significant associated and 18 SNPs were potentially associated in chromosomes level.304 Ensembl genes were retrieved around 1 cM of the associated SNPs.The candidate genes in Wnt and Fgf signaling pathway（BTRC,FGF5,FGF8,BMP3,RASGEF1B and HMGB3）might have effect on target traits.These results provided valuable information about the selective breeding for Kele pigs.     

不同处理对“绿岭”核桃无融合生殖坐果的影响

为探讨不同处理措施对核桃无融合生殖的影响,以"绿岭"核桃为材料,采用聚乙烯醇封柱头后用不同药剂涂抹子房的方法,研究了2,4-D、赤霉素、硼砂及综合处理后"绿岭"核桃的无融合生殖坐果率。结果表明:0.2%的硼砂、30 mg/L的赤霉素、0.3%硼砂+0.3%磷酸二氢钾处理的"绿岭"核桃无融合生殖坐果率分别为88.37%、86.57%、86.27%,均极显著高于对照,分别比对照提高了23.54%、21.74%、21.44%;15 mg/L 2,4-D处理的"绿岭"核桃无融合生殖坐果率为82.50%,显著高于对照,比对照高了17.67%。     

南疆棉田十一星瓢虫对棉蚜的生态控制

通过对南疆尉犁县两处棉田,4个品种十一星瓢虫的种群动态、人工诱集和棉蚜防治效果测试观察,发现:在南疆不同品种的棉田中,十一星瓢虫是棉田棉蚜的主要天敌,约占棉田瓢虫总数的80%左右;十一星瓢虫与棉蚜种群数量呈显著的跟随关系,发生期比棉蚜滞后1周左右。人工诱集十一星瓢虫的数量与诱集箱放置的位置和箱内的诱集物有关。放置在棉田周围林带中的诱集箱诱集的十一星瓢虫数量最多,其次是棉田埂箱,棉田内诱集的数量最少;诱集箱放入蜂蜜和花粉蜜诱集的十一星瓢虫数量最多,放入花粉诱集的十一星瓢虫数量次之,不放任何诱集物诱集的十一星瓢虫数量最少。越冬后的十一星瓢虫早期释放到棉田中心蚜株上可以有效防治蚜虫危害,中心蚜株株高比未释放瓢虫处理的增高59.5%,果枝数增加20.3%、蕾数增加100%、铃数增加81.4%,单株产量增加81.1%。     

明清时期渭南地区旱灾的多尺度变化特征及其对气候变化的响应

研究了明清时期渭南地区旱灾的多尺度变化特征及其与气候变化的关系,为揭示该区旱灾的发生机制提供科学依据.利用《中国三千年气象记录总集》等历史文献资料,对明清时期(1368～1911年)渭南地区的旱灾史料进行了统计分析,采用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)等方法研究了明清时期该区旱灾的多尺度变化特征及其对气候变化的响应.结果表明:(1)明清时期渭南地区旱灾总体上表现为先下降后上升的变化趋势,以全区域的特大旱灾为主,明朝崇祯大旱、清朝康雍奇灾和光绪丁戊奇荒等历史极端干旱事件在渭南地区均有较好记录.(2)渭南地区旱灾在时间尺度上存在着显著的准3 a、准6 a和准8 a的年际周期,准11 a、准17 a、准28 a和准84 a的年代际周期以及准181 a和准363 a的百年际尺度周期,分别与厄尔尼诺的2～8 a周期、太阳活动的11 a周期和太平洋年代际振荡的20～30 a周期相对应.(3)明清时期渭南地区旱灾在年际尺度上的振荡信号可能要强于在年代际和百年际尺度上的振荡信号.(4)渭南地区旱灾的频次序列与我国同时期冬季温度变化序列总体上较为一致,与该时期北半球的温度变化基本同向,但不完全同步.明清时期渭南地区旱灾在时间尺度上存在着显著的多尺度变化特征,并对气候变化具有明显的响应.     

Sequencing, Polymorphism and Expression Profile Analysis of Porcine Hexokinase Ⅱ (HK2) Gene

Hexokinase Ⅱ has been demonstrated to play the role of a key enzyme member in the glycolysis reaction. It catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, thus committing glucose to the glycolytic pathway. In this paper, the partial exons and introns 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the porcine HK2 gene were cloned and sequenced by comparative genomics.Comparative sequencing of three pig breeds revealed ten putative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), one of which in intron 10 with differing bases (G981A) is within the restriction site for enzyme Msp Ⅰ. Distribution of Msp Ⅰ -RFLP genotype and allele frequencies among different pig breeds were studied. By association analysis between Msp Ⅰ PCR-RFLP polymorphism (AA, AB, BB genotypes of HK2 gene intron 10) and some meat quality and carcass traits in F2 group,which was constructed by our laboratory, a significant difference of pig average backfat at rump was found between AB and BB genotypes (P ＜ 0 05) in F2 group. In addition, the pattern of expression of HK2 in a variety of tissues in pig was also determined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of HK2 mRNA was detected only in pig skeletal muscle.     

棉花膜下滴灌盐分动态及平衡研究

在南疆气候条件下．研究了膜下滴灌盐分动态变化及平衡．结果表明：在南疆，棉花苗期时，土壤盐分开始分区，盐分在膜间0～40cm强烈聚集，膜下盐分变化不大，而且在覆膜的作用下发生侧向运移，移向膜间，加剧了膜间的盐分累积；棉花生育期结束后．土壤0～60cm盐分都有增加．在膜间0～20cm盐分强烈累积；灌水量为345mm的处理盐分增加明显，积盐率高达．94．5％，其增加的盐分主要来自下边界土壤水分上行所带来的盐分，占盐分增加量的57％．而灌水量505mm处理增加的盐分主要来自灌溉水所携带的盐分，占81％．若不考虑灌溉水的矿化度，膜下滴灌土壤盐分的积盐率只有13．8％。