麦谷蛋白亚基Clu-1和Glu-3位点基因等位变异对小麦品质特性的影响

甲单向一步SDS-PAGE方法分析表明亲本品种Suneca和Cook在麦谷蛋白亚基的5个位点(Glu-B1,Glu-D1,Glu-A3,Glu-B3和Glu-D3)均含不同等位基因。本研究重点对Suneca×Cook的F_4代群体中在麦谷蛋白亚基位点均为纯合基因的60个系的出粉率(FY),面粉蛋白质含量(FP)及和面时间(PTM)进行了分析,以研究麦谷蛋白各亚基位点等位基因变异及位点间互作对小麦品质特性的影响。结果表明,不同基因型间出粉率无显著差异,Glu-D1位点等位基因d和a对FP的效应存在显著差异,Glu-Dld基因(编码5 10亚基)的正效应显著高于Glu-Dla基因(编码2 12亚基);Glu-D1、Glu-A3和Glu-B3位点上基因的等位变异对PTM有显著和极显著影响,含Glu-Dld、Glu-A3b和Glu-B3b基因的系分别比含Glu-Dla,Glu-A3d和Glu-B3h基因的系有较长的和面时间;Glu-B1位点上等位变异i和u以及Glu-D3位点等位基因b和e分别对PTM无明显影响。在这种遗传背景下,麦谷蛋白亚基位点对PTM的效应大小依次排列为Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A3>GIu-B1=Glu-D3。Glu-1位点和Glu-3位点间对和面特性的影响存在累加效应和互作效应。     

Development of new fungicides against Magnaporthe grisea: synthesis and biological activity of pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazine,pyrazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]thiadiazine,and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives

Some pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-thione, pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-4-one/thione, and pyrazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]thiadiazine-4-one/thione derivatives were synthesized and screened for antifungal activity against the causal agent of rice blast disease, Magnaporthe grisea. In all cases a remarkable inhibition of fungal growth was found in the range from 10 to 200 microg x mL(-1). Several compounds were able to control mycelium growth at a rate of 10 microg x mL(-1), a concentration at which the reference compound tricyclazole was completely ineffective. At least in the case of the most active substance, at the same dose the growth of seedlings or cultured cells of rice was substantially unaffected. Results allowed definition of structural requirements either to maintain or to enhance mycotoxic activity.     

Neotropical mammals and the myth of amazonian biodiversity

Data were compiled on the distribution of mammal taxa (883 species, 242 genera, 45 families, and 10 orders) among South America's six major macrohabitats: lowland Amazon forest, western montane forests, Atlantic rain forest, upland semideciduous forest, southern mesophytic forest, and drylands. The drylands are the richest area in numbers of species supported and are more diverse than the other habitats, including the lowland Amazon rain forest, when endemics are considered. An analysis of number of endemic and nonendemic taxa versus size of area found a simple positive linear relationship: the drylands, almost twice as extensive as the Amazon lowlands, support more endemic taxa. Conservation plans that emphasize the wet tropics and fail to consider the drylands as special repositories of mammal diversity will be unable to preserve a significant number of novel taxa.     

水分胁迫对小麦幼苗保护酶体系的影响及其与抗旱性的关系

在水分胁迫条件下,对抗旱性不同的两种冬小麦幼苗的保护酶活性及其同工酶、质膜透性变化进行了比较.结果表明,水分胁迫下两个品种POD、CAT活性均增强;SOD活性在适度干旱时有所上升,严重干旱时则降低.其中,陕合6号能维持较高的保护酶活性,细胞膜透性变化较小,说明其膜受损伤较轻;郑引1号保护酶系酶活性相对较低,膜受伤害较大.陕合6号在水分胁迫下能维持较高的保护酶活性,可能是它抗旱性较强的原因之一.     

甘蓝型油菜新型不育源的发现及其初步研究

１９９４年油菜花期,在一甘蓝型油菜材料中发现了１株天然雄性不育株。与可育株相比,不育株开花较晚,花蕾较小,花序基部的花蕾有黄化脱落现象,雄蕊退化,不育非常彻底,花药无花粉,而雌蕊正常。遗传研究表明,该不育性状受一对核基因控制,不育对可育为显性。讨论了其在轮回选择、杂交、回交、复交育种中的利用潜力。     

麦谷蛋白Glu-1和Glu-3位点基因等位变异对籽粒聚合体蛋白粒度分布的影响

用单向一步ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ方法分析表明小麦品种Ｓｕｎｅｃａ和Ｃｏｏｋ在麦谷蛋白５个亚基位点均含不同等位基因,选用Ｓｕｎｅｃａ×Ｃｏｏｋ的Ｆ４代群体中在麦谷蛋白亚基位点均为纯合基因的６０个系,研究麦谷蛋白亚基位点基因等位变异对小麦籽粒聚合体蛋白粒度大小分布的影响。