牛Myostatin基因单核苷酸多态性分析

Myostatin基因即肌肉生长抑制素,是一种肌肉生长的负调控因子。应运PCR-SSCP和测序的方法对中国秦川牛、南阳牛以及国外引入品种皮埃蒙特牛双肌基因的第三外显子进行了多态性分析。结果表明:第三外显子938处G→A的单核苷酸的突变造成了南阳牛、皮埃蒙特牛第三外显子扩增片段多态性,秦川牛则不然。     

畜牧科学研究动态及前瞻

文章在综述国内外有关专题研究的基础上，系统地讨论了当今畜牧科学的六个领域即家畜遗传育种，繁殖生理学，反刍家畜营养，非反刍家蓄营养，草地学和肉品科学近年来的主要科技成就及研究动态，指出了诸领域新近研究的热点未来研究的既定目标，对国内畜牧科学研究具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。     

溴隐停对惠州麻肉种鸡产蛋性能的影响

研究目的在于探讨多巴胺受体激动剂(溴隐停)对地方良种肉鸡繁殖性能的影响。方法从628只28周龄健康的“惠州麻”黄羽肉种鸡群中随机选取1组鸡笼内的40鸡作为实验组,其余的作为对照组。实验组鸡群喂服溴隐停,每只鸡每天1.25mg,连用4d,停用4d后再用4d,对照组不使用。结果在4周的实验期内实验组和对照组的产蛋率分别为83.86%和69.96%;破蛋率分别为1.28%和1.69%,畸形蛋率分别为4.33%和1.19%;实验组平均每只鸡的产蛋总数比对照组多3.89个、合格种蛋数多3.26个;药物处理对平均蛋重无显著影响;使用溴隐停能够提高鸡血液中的雌激素水平。结论溴隐停能够通过抑制地方良种肉鸡体内促乳素的合成与分泌,减少抱窝现象的发生,提高其繁殖性能。     

茉莉花茶加工技术与吸香机理研究现状

为了进一步综合地认识茉莉花茶窨制的工艺本质、完善茉莉花茶窨制技术,本文综述和分析了茉莉花茶加工技术及吸香机理的研究现状,并对后续研究进行了展望。     

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Lipid Metabolism Signaling Pathways between Muscle and Fat Tissues in Broiler Chickens

In this study, signaling pathways and key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in lipid metabolism in muscle and fat tissues were investigated. Muscle and abdominal fat tissues were obtained from 35-day-old female broilers for RNA sequencing. DEGs between muscle and fat tissues were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. A total of 6130 DEGs were identified to be significantly enriched in 365 GO terms, most of which were involved in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions in muscle and fat tissues. Three important lipid signaling pathways (pyruvate metabolism, the insulin signaling pathway, and the adipocytokine signaling pathway) were identified among the fat and muscle tissues of broilers. The key common DEGs in these pathways included phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 alpha and beta (ACACA and ACACB), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (AMPK) gene family. Hence, our findings revealed the pathways and key genes and gene families involved in the regulation of fat deposition in the muscle and fat tissues of broilers.     

农村非正式组织对农户收入影响的实证分析——以浙江省慈溪市为例

农民作为“三农”改革中受影响最深的群体，有着强烈的利益表达愿望，目前农村生产现状及国家相关法制尚不完善，使得农户的利益受到了损害，农户需要寻找一种途径来使自己受损的这部分利益得到补偿。在这种情况下，非正式组织的出现很好地弥补了这一空缺。国家可以根据非正式组织的特点，了解其运行模式的优越性，制定并健全相关政策制度，进行正面引导；另外对一些具有正面借鉴意义的非正式组织进行保护和支持，派遣相应的技术人员进行实地指导和培训，同时国家可以给予适当的补助，使其健康有序持续发展。     

2种保鲜处理对草莓的贮藏效果研究

为解决草莓采后果实腐烂变质问题,将草莓置于甘草提取液、乳酸钙溶液、蒸馏水中浸泡1 min,取出晾干后常温贮藏,比较3组草莓失重率、腐烂率、可溶性糖、维生素C含量、超氧化物歧化酶SOD活性的变化。与对照组相比,贮藏7天后,甘草提取液组草莓失重率降低34.72%、腐烂率降低31.56%、可溶性糖含量提高99.10%、维生素C含量提高154.55%、超氧化物歧化酶SOD活性提高206.24%,乳酸钙处理和甘草提取液保鲜效果没有显著差异(P>0.05)。实验期内,2种处理方法均可提高草莓保鲜效果。     

小菊新品种‘东篱小太阳’

小菊新品种‘东篱小太阳’是以‘东篱娇粉’为母本，A42为父本进行杂交，经5年选择培育而成。株形较大，自然成球，自然开花期集中在9月中下旬到10月中下旬，半重瓣，舌状花为鲜亮的红色，可满足北京地区国庆用花的需求。     

MeJA regulates enzymes involved in ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism and improves chilling tolerance in loquat fruit

This study investigated the regulation of ascorbate acid (AsA) and glutathione metabolism and chilling tolerance by methyl jamonate (MeJA) in loquat fruit. The results showed that application of MeJA to loquat fruit inhibited the incidence of chilling injury manifested as internal browning (IB) and increased AsA and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents due to the inhibition of ascorbate oxidase activity and enhancement of monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase activities. Meanwhile, MeJA also enhanced activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase. Our results suggested that MeJA can regulate the ascorbate and glutathione metabolism and has important roles in alleviating oxidative damage and enhancing chilling tolerance in loquat fruit.     

黑龙江省香稻米品种稻花香2号香味减弱原因及对策

黑龙江省优质香米稻花香2号是该省粮食产业的知名"名片",但是近年来出现香味减弱的情况,对其原因进行深入研究,认为品种退化、生育期影响、环境因素影响、土壤肥力影响及晾晒时间过长是导致稻花香2号香味减弱的原因,并在此基础上提出避免香米香味减弱的对策。