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K. Birkmann H.K. Junge E. Maischberger M. Wehrli Eser C.C. Schwarzwald 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(3):925-933
Background
GastroGard, an omeprazole powder paste formulation, is considered the standard treatment for gastric ulcers in horses and is highly effective. Gastrozol, an enteric‐coated omeprazole formulation for horses, has recently become available, but efficacy data are controversial and sparse.Objectives
To investigate the efficacy of GastroGard and Gastrozol at labeled doses (4 and 1 mg of omeprazole per kg bwt, respectively, PO q24h) in healing of gastric ulcers.Animals
40 horses; 9.5 ± 4.6 years; 491 ± 135 kg.Methods
Prospective, randomized, blinded study. Horses with an ulcer score ≥1 (Equine Gastric Ulcer Council) were randomly divided into 2 groups and treated for 2 weeks each with GastroGard followed by Gastrozol (A) or vice versa (B). After 2 and 4 weeks, scoring was repeated and compared with baseline. Plasma omeprazole concentrations were measured on the first day of treatment after administration of GastroGard (n = 5) or Gastrozol (n = 5).Results
Compared with baseline (squamous score (A) 1.65 ± 0.11, (B) 1.98 ± 0.11), ulcer scores at 2 weeks ((A) 0.89 ± 0.11, (B) 1.01 ± 0.11) and 4 weeks ((A) 1.10 ± 0.12, (B) 0.80 ± 0.12) had significantly decreased in both groups (P < .001), independent of treatment (P = .7). Plasma omeprazole concentrations were significantly higher after GastroGard compared with Gastrozol administration (AUCGG = 2856 (1405‐4576) ng/mL × h, AUCGZ = 604 (430‐1609) ng/mL × h; P = .03). The bioavailability for Gastrozol was 1.26 (95% CI 0.56–2.81) times higher than for GastroGard.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Both Gastrozol and GastroGard, combined with appropriate environmental changes, promote healing of gastric ulcers in horses. However, despite enteric coating of Gastrozol, plasma omeprazole concentrations after single labeled doses were significantly higher with GastroGard. 相似文献3.
S. Schön M. Wehrli Eser P. R. Kircher T. Sydler H. Augsburger S. Ohlerth K. Beckmann A. E. Fürst 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(2):80-87
A 17-month-old Warmblood filly was referred to our clinic for evaluation of congenital facial nerve (FN) paralysis. Clinical examination revealed a right-sided facial paralysis with mild masticatory muscle atrophy, mild dysphagia and exposure keratitis. Apart from the FN deficits, neurological examination of the remaining cranial nerves showed no abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination using a 3.0 Tesla scanner showed that in comparison to the left FN, the intracranial section of the right FN between the pons and internal acoustic canal was thinner, whereas it appeared indistinct and thickened within the internal acoustic canal and facial canal. Signs of meningitis or encephalitis were not present on MRI. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed mild pleocytosis. The owner of the filly requested euthanasia due to the guarded prognosis. At necropsy, the intracranial section of the right FN was macroscopically thinner than the left side and within the facial canal, a 5 mm tissue stump could be identified with an absent extracranial part of the right FN. Histological examination of the brain stem showed different architecture of the left and right motor nuclei of the FN: in the left nucleus, motor neurons of a normal size and well stainable Nissl bodies were present, whereas in the right nucleus, neurons with Nissl bodies were decreased in number and size. Further, a cytoplasmic rich cell population with a nucleus size compatible with normal neurons was present. These cells were suspected to be atrophic neurons. The tissue stump within the facial canal was histologically identified as connective tissue. Unilateral malformation of the FN has not previously been described in the horse. This filly showed a right-sided, intracranial hypoplasia accompanied by an extracranial aplasia of the FN causing complete, congenital facial nerve paralysis, which corresponded to a difference in the architecture of the affected motor nucleus of the FN. 相似文献
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Retrospective evaluation of 155 adult equids and 21 foals with tetanus in Western,Northern, and Central Europe (2000–2014). Part 1: Description of history and clinical evolution
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Gaby van Galen DVM PhD DECEIM DECVECC Claude Saegerman DVM PhD DECVPH Joke Rijckaert DVM Helene Amory DVM PhD DECEIM Lara Armengou DVM PhD DECEIM Barbora Bezdekova DVM PhD DECEIM Inge Durie DVM DECEIM Rikke Findshøj Delany DVM Nathalie Fouché DVM DVM Laura Haley MVB Michael Hewetson BVSc DECEIM Rene van den Hoven DVM PhD DECEIM Anna Kendall DVM DECEIM Fernando Malalana DVM DECEIM MRCVS Jessika Muller Cavalleri DVM DECEIM PhD Tresemiek Picavet DVM DECEIM PhD Katja Roscher DVM DECEIM Denis Verwilghen DVM PhD DECVS Meret Wehrli Eser DVM DECEIM Cornélie Westermann DVM PhD DECEIM Tim Mair BVSc PhD DECEIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(6):684-696
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Orhan Corum Duygu Durna Corum Orkun Atik Hatice Eser Faki Feray Altan Kamil Uney 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(2):207-213
The aim of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and bioavailability of danofloxacin in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) following intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and oral (PO) administrations at a dose of 10 mg/kg. A total of eight clinically healthy chukar partridges weighing 480 ± 45 g were used for the investigation. The study was performed in a crossover design (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) with a 15‐day washout period between two administrations in four periods. The plasma concentrations of danofloxacin were determined using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Noncompartmental PK parameters were also estimated. No local or systemic adverse drug effects were observed in any of the chukar partridges. The mean elimination half‐life ranged between 8.18 and 12.08 hr and differed statistically among administration routes. The mean peak plasma concentrations of danofloxacin following IM, SC, and PO administrations were 8.05, 9.58, and 3.39 μg/ml at 0.5, 1, and 4 hr, respectively. Following IM, SC, and PO administrations, the mean bioavailability was 86.33%, 134.40%, and 47.62%, respectively. The mean total clearance and volume of distribution at steady‐state following IV administration were 0.13 L hr?1 kg?1 and 0.96 L/kg, respectively. These data, including favorable PKs and the absence of adverse drug effects, suggest that danofloxacin is a useful antibiotic in chukar partridges. 相似文献
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Severe polyuria and polydipsia as major clinical signs in a horse with unilateral renal adenocarcinoma
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K. Birkmann M. Trump M. Dettwiler M. Rütten M. Wehrli Eser 《Equine Veterinary Education》2016,28(12):675-680
A 14‐year‐old Swiss Warmblood gelding was presented with chronic severe polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. At the time of admission, water intake was 240 l/day. On rectal examination, a large mass was identified in the left dorsal abdominal quadrant, which was shown to originate from the left kidney by transabdominal ultrasonographic examination. Unilateral nephrectomy via flank incision was performed under general anaesthesia. Histopathological examination of the tumour revealed a papillary renal adenocarcinoma. Successful outcome and survival was documented 13 months after surgery. Severe polyuria and polydipsia should be considered as major clinical signs for renal carcinoma in horses, which can be successfully treated with unilateral nephrectomy if no signs of metastatic spread are evident. 相似文献
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E. Rebsamen H. Geyer A. Fürst M. Wehrli Eser C. Koch M. Kummer 《Equine Veterinary Education》2012,24(1):30-37
Exostosis of the os pubis causing haematuria, and potentially cystorrhexis, in horses has not been described in the literature. In this study, 2 geldings that suffered from exercise‐induced haematuria caused by an osteochondroma of the os pubis, and the assessment of 41 cadaveric pubic bones are reported on. The anatomy of the os pubis is highly variable. The prevalence of exostosis in the os pubis appears to be higher in male horses. Palpation and ultrasonography of the pelvis per rectum and cystoscopy are valuable diagnostic tools. Depending on the extent of changes in the bladder wall, surgical removal of the exostosis should be considered in order to prevent cystorrhexis. In horses that present with haematuria, closer assessment of the os pubis for the presence of an exostosis is warranted. 相似文献
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Reasons for performing study: Accumulation of extracellular adenosine has been closely associated with human asthmatic responses. However, the relevance of adenosine signalling in equine airways has not previously been investigated. Objectives: To determine the expression of adenosine receptors (AR) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and assess the reactivity of these cells to AR ligands ex vivo, employing IL‐6 as readout of adenosinergic inflammatory signalling. Methods: Eight horses with varying degrees of lower airway inflammation and 10 healthy controls were analysed. Expression of AR‐subtypes in each BAL sample was determined by quantitative RT‐PCR and compared to that in 13 other tissues. Bronchoalveolar lavage cells were stimulated either with the adenosine analogue NECA, CGS‐21680 (A2AAR selective agonist) or with a combination of NECA and SCH‐58261 (A2AAR antagonist) and IL‐6 expression assessed. Results: Bronchoalveolar lavage cells predominantly expressed A2BAR, with lower A2AAR levels and marginal A3AR expression; A1AR was not detected. This pattern was similar to that of PBMCs but different from the other tissues tested. No significant differences in AR expression in BAL cells from both groups were detected, although a trend for decreased A2BAR in airway‐compromised horses was observed. Treatment of BAL cells with the nonselective agonist NECA upregulated IL‐6 expression in cells from airway‐compromised horses, but levels remained unchanged in control animals. Furthermore, blockage of A2AAR with SCH‐58261 enhanced IL‐6 mRNA induction by NECA in both groups, with higher levels in airway‐compromised horses; the amplitude of this response correlated with neutrophil count. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the presence of an adenosine/IL‐6 inflammatory axis in the bronchoalveolar milieu of airway‐compromised horses. While A2BAR is the predominant proinflammatory AR subtype expressed, A2AAR appears to modulate inflammatory signalling (IL‐6 expression) by adenosine. Potential relevance: This study supports selective AR targeting as a potential therapeutic approach for the modulation of inflammation in the equine lower respiratory tract. 相似文献
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E. Maischberger M. A. Jackson K. Kühn P. Grest S. de Brot M. Wehrli Eser 《Equine Veterinary Education》2014,26(11):563-567
An 11‐year‐old Warmblood gelding with chronic bilateral epistaxis was diagnosed with an adenocarcinoma of the right ethmoid, based on transendoscopic biopsy. On computed tomography images, the cribriform plate was considered intact and the tumour was minimally invasive in surrounding tissue. The palliative treatment included a combination of surgical exploration and laser ablation. Following recurrence of the clinical signs one month later, intralesional formalin injection was performed. In the immediate post injection period, the horse developed severe neurological signs. Because of the overall poor prognosis, the horse was subjected to euthanasia. On post mortem examination, changes were seen in the frontal lobe consistent with diffusion of formalin through the cribriform plate. Care is needed when treating horses with intralesional formalin because macroscopic appearance of the cribriform plate may not relate to its functionality. 相似文献
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Yilmaz M Altin T Karaca O Cemal I Bardakcioglu HE Yilmaz O Taskin T 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(8):1555-1560
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the body condition score (BCS) of ewes before and during the mating
season on their reproductive performance under an extensive production system. In this study, 240 Kivircik sheep from the
flocks of two breeders were used for over a 2-year period. The flocks were fed under extensive conditions on natural pastures
throughout the year. The ewes were synchronized in two different periods, one of which was 45 days before the other. Before
the introduction of rams to the ewes, the ewes were weighed after measuring their BCS. Detailed records were kept for every
flock in each year. We found significant effects of BCS on pregnancy rate, lambing rate (P < 0.05) and fecundity (P < 0.05). The BCS for the highest pregnancy, lambing rate, and fecundity was determined between 2.01 and 3.00, while the lowest
rates for these traits were ≤1.50. The highest rates of the pregnancy rate, lambing rate, and fecundity and gestation productivity
were 75.9%, 70.9%, 1.11 and 3.34 kg, respectively. 相似文献